Mark 14:33

14:33-34 Jesus went ahead with Peter, James, and John (5:37-43; 9:2-9; see also 13:3) and asked them to watch with him, meaning to agonize with and for him in prayer.

Tyndale Open Study Notes — © Tyndale Open Resources, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Mar 14:33. Ἐκθαμβεῖσθαι, Hesychius writes, ἔκθαυβος, ἔκπληκτος. Eustathius, θαμβεῖν, τὸ ἐπὶ θέᾳ τινὸς ἐκπλήττεσθαι.[2]

[2] θάμβος is akin to θήπω θεαομαι, wonder at some amazing sight being the connecting idea; as in Lat. suspicio.—ED. and TRANSL.

Bengel's Gnomon of the New Testament — English translation (T&T Clark, Edinburgh, 1860) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Mar 14:33 . ἤρξατο , introduces the description of our Lord’s awful experience in the garden. ἐκθαμβεῖσθαι , to be amazed; in Mk. only, first in Mar 9:15 , where see remarks on its meaning. Though Jesus had long known, and had often with realistic plainness spoken of, what was to befall Him, yet the vivid sense of what it all meant came upon His soul at this hour, as a sudden appalling revelation. The other two words used by Mk. to describe Christ’s state of mind ( ἀδημονεῖν . περίλυπος ) occur in Mt. also.

The Expositor's Greek Testament, edited by W. Robertson Nicoll (1897–1910) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

(33) Began to be sore amazed.—Note St. Mark’s use of the stronger word as compared with St. Matthew’s “to be sorrowful.”

A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

33. he taketh with him] the three most trusted and long-tried of the Apostolic body, who had been before the privileged witnesses of the raising of the daughter of Jairus and of the Transfiguration.

began to be sore amazed] “To drede,” Wyclif. We have already met this word in ch. Mar_9:15, where it was applied to the amazement of the people when they saw the Lord after the Transfiguration, and we shall meet with it again in ch. Mar_16:5-6, where it is applied to the holy women at the Sepulchre. St Mark alone applies the word to our Lord’s sensations at this crisis of His life.

to be very heavy] “to heuye,” Wyclif. The original word thus translated only occurs (1) here, (2) in the parallel, Mat_26:37, and (3) in Php_2:26, “for he (Epaphroditus) longed after you all, and was full of heaviness.” Buttmann suggests that the root idea is that of being “away from home,” and so “confused,” “beside oneself.” Others consider the primary idea to be that of “loathing” and “discontent.” Truly in respect to His human nature our Lord was far from home, far from His native skies, and the word may be taken to describe the awfulness of His isolation, unsupported by a particle of human sympathy,—a troubled, restless state, accompanied by the keenest mental distress.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

And saith unto them,.... The above three disciples;

my soul is exceeding sorrowful unto death: he was surrounded with sorrow, and it pressed him so hard, and close, on every side, that he was just ready to die with it:

tarry ye here, and watch: in Matthew it is added, "with me": See Gill on Mat 26:38.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

33 And he taketh with him Peter and James and John, and began to be sore amazed, and to be very heavy;

Ver. 33. Began to be sore amazed] Animo et corpore per horrescere, horripilari, ορθοτριχειν. Now it was, that he took that terrible cup at his Father’s hands, and drunk it off all at once, which we must else have been sipping and sucking at throughout all eternity.

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

33. Sore amazed — An expression, as it were, of horror at some strange revelation of depths of evil unexpected and hitherto unconceived to his soul. Was his amazement awakened by awful views of the terribleness of sin and the depths of the hell which are its consequences?

Daniel D. Whedon (gen. ed.), Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1874–1909) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

It appears that our Lord separated himself from all the disciples except Peter and James and John, and then the bitter agony began.

He began to be greatly amazed, and sore troubled (ekyambeisyai kai adhmonein). These two Greek verbs are as adequately expressed above as seems possible. The first implies "utter, extreme amazement;" if the second has for its root adhmov , "not at home," it implies the anguish of the soul struggling to free itself from the body under the pressure of intense mental distress. The three chosen disciples were allowed to be witnesses of this awful anguish. They had been fortified to endure the sight by the glories of the transfiguration. It would have been too much for the faith of the rest. But these three witnessed it, that they might learn themselves, and be able to teach others, that the way to glory is by suffering.

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Sore amazed - The original word imports the most shocking amazement, mingled with grief: and that word in the next verse which we render sorrowful intimates, that he was surrounded with sorrow on every side, breaking in upon him with such violence, as was ready to separate his soul from his body.

John Wesley, Explanatory Notes Upon the Whole Bible (1754–1765) — public domain. Text via the GEBible commentary corpus.

33. παραλαμβάνει. Cf. Mar 5:40, Mar 9:2. At other times we find Jesus seeking solitude for prayer (Mar 1:35, Mar 6:46), but in this great crisis He desires sympathy, and He selects those who will be least likely to misunderstand His intense distress. His selecting these three once more would surprise neither them nor the rest. The view that the “young man” of Mar 14:51 was already in the garden, and was a witness of the Agony, seeing much which the three lost while they were slumbering, cannot be regarded as probable. It was probably the march of the band coming to capture Jesus that woke him and drew him to the spot.

ἤρξατο ἐκθαμβεῖσθαι. The ἤρξατο is not otiose; He has a new experience in emotional suffering—mingled amazement and terror. Cf. Mar 9:15, Mar 16:5-6. Mt., as often, shrinks from attributing purely human feelings to Christ. Under the sanction of his own περίλυπος, he substitutes λυπεῖσθαι.

ἀδημονεῖν. Mt. retains this as covered by περίλυπος. The word is not in LXX., and only once again in N.T., Php 2:26, where see Lightfoot. The derivation is uncertain, but the word seems to imply distress and dismay.

Cambridge Greek Testament for Schools and Colleges (Cambridge University Press, 1896; 21 vols, various authors incl. Carr, Maclear, Plummer, Farrar, Lumby, Moule, M. R. James, Simcox) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

33.] Notice the graphic ἐκθαμβεῖσθαι, and see note on ch. 9:15. St. Matt. has λυπεῖσθαι.

Henry Alford, The Greek Testament (1849–1861) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

33. Καὶ παραλαμβάνει τὸν Πέτρον καὶ Ἰάκωβον καὶ Ἰωάννην μετʼ αὐτοῦ—And he takes with him Peter, and James, and John.

Omit τὸν before Ἰάκωβον, Tisch. Treg. WH. marg. א CDEFGHMNSUVWbX ΓΔΠ2. μετʼ αὐτοῦ, instead of μεθʼ ὲαυτοῦ, Tisch. Treg. WH. א BCD 57, 69, 346.

International Critical Commentary — older volumes (1896–1929), various authors — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

To be sore amazed [εκθαμβεισθαι] . A word peculiar to Mark. Compare Mr 9:15; Mr 16:5, 6.

Marvin R. Vincent, Word Studies in the New Testament (1887–1900) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.