Judges 1:33

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex)

English Translation

Naphtali didn't drive out the inhabitants of Beth-shemesh, nor the inhabitants of Beth Anath; but he lived among the Canaanites, the inhabitants of the land: nevertheless the inhabitants of Beth-shemesh and of Beth Anath became subject to forced labor.

World English Bible · Public Domain

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בֵית

Bêyth ʻĂnâth

H1043

“Beth-anath”

Noun, Proper

Appears 6× in the Hebrew Bible
First appears at Joshua 19:38

Full BDB Definition

Origin: an orthographical variation for H1042

TWOT: None

Beth-anath = "house of response (or affliction)" - a place in Naphtali

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

24: words
12: distinct lemmas
Historical: section

Notable vocabulary

The rarest word here is בֵית Beth-anath H1043 — appearing just 6 times in the whole Hebrew Bible.

Shared distinctive vocabulary

בֵית Beth-anath H1043 occurs in 2 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Joshua 19:38

Grammatical profile

7 verbs
13 nouns
1 preposition
3 particles

Verb forms

הוֹרִ֞ישׁ Hiphil · Perfect
יֹשְׁבֵ֤י Qal · Participle Active
יֹשְׁבֵ֣י Qal · Participle Active
וַיֵּ֕שֶׁב Qal · Sequential Imperfect
יֹשְׁבֵ֣י Qal · Participle Active
וְיֹשְׁבֵ֤י Qal · Participle Active
הָי֥וּ Qal · Perfect

Repetition

Words recur within this verse — often emphatic in Hebrew:

יֹשְׁבֵ֤י to dwell H3427 ×5
בֵֽית Beth-shemesh H1053 ×4
בֵית Beth-anath H1043 ×4

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 39 words from the Hebrew and 40 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 24 Hebrew tokens and 33 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

Topical passages linked to Judges 1:33 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

Joshua 19:32–38 The sixth lot came out for the children of Naphtali, even for the children of Naphtali according to their families.
Psalms 18:24 Therefore Yahweh has rewarded me according to my righteousness, According to the cleanness of my hands in his eyesight.
Judges 1:30 Zebulun didn't drive out the inhabitants of Kitron, nor the inhabitants of Nahalol; but the Canaanites lived among them, and became subject to forced labor.
Judges 1:35 but the Amorites would dwell in Mount Heres, in Aijalon, and in Shaalbim: yet the hand of the house of Joseph prevailed, so that they became subject to forced labor.

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew Judges 1:33 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

נַפְתָּלִ֗י לֹֽא הוֹרִ֞ישׁ אֶת יֹשְׁבֵ֤י בֵֽית שֶׁ֨מֶשׁ֙ וְאֶת יֹשְׁבֵ֣י בֵית עֲנָ֔ת וַיֵּ֕שֶׁב בְּקֶ֥רֶב הַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֖י יֹשְׁבֵ֣י הָאָ֑רֶץ וְיֹשְׁבֵ֤י בֵֽית שֶׁ֨מֶשׁ֙ וּבֵ֣ית עֲנָ֔ת הָי֥וּ לָהֶ֖ם לָמַֽס

Naphtali didn't drive out the inhabitants of Beth-shemesh, nor the inhabitants of Beth Anath; but he lived among the Canaanites, the inhabitants of the land: nevertheless the inhabitants of Beth-shemesh and of Beth Anath became subject to forced labor.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX Judges 1:33 Septuagint · lemma form

καί νεφθαλι οὐ ἐκαἴρω ὁ καταοἰκέω βαιθσαμυς καί ὁ καταοἰκέω βαιθαναθ καί καταοἰκέω νεφθαλι ἐν μέσος ὁ χαναναῖος ὁ καταοἰκέω ὁ γῆ ὁ δέ καταοἰκέω βαιθσαμυς καί ὁ βαιθενεθ γίγνομαι αὐτός εἰς φόρος

And Nephthali did not drive out the inhabitants of Baethsamys, nor the inhabitants of Baethanach; and Nephthali lived in the midst of the Chananite who inhabited the land: but the inhabitants of Bethsamys and of Baetheneth became tributary to them.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

Targum Jonathan Prophets (Joshua–Malachi)

דְבֵית נַפְתָּלִי לָא תָרִיכוּ יַת יַתְבֵי בֵית שֶׁמֶשׁ וְיַת יַתְבֵי בֵית עֲנָת וִיתִיבוּ בְּגוֹ כְנַעֲנָאֵי יַתְבֵי אַרְעָא וְיַתְבֵי בֵית שֶׁמֶשׁ וּבֵית עֲנָת הֲווֹ לְהוֹן לְמַסְקֵי מִסִין:

(no public-domain English translation for this verse)

Targum Jonathan — Aramaic: “Mikraot Gedolot” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “London "Chaldee Paraphrase," 1871” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on Judges 1:33 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Adam Clarke's Commentary

Verse 33. Neither did Naphtali] See the notes on Jos 19:32-39.

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible (1810–1826) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(33) Neither did Naphtali.—See Jos_19:32-38. Beth-shemesh.—The name means “house of the sun,” and the place was probably a great centre of Baal-worship; but this Beth-shemesh in Naphtali is not the same as Ir-shemesh (“city of the sun”) in Jos_15:10, which was on the borders of Judah. It is the “mount of the sun” (Har-cheres) in Jdg_1:35. In Isa_19:18, alluding to another “city of the sun” (On, i.e., Heliopolis), the prophet calls it not Is-ha-Cheres, “the city of the sun,” but Ir-ha-Heres, “the city of overthrow,” with one of those scornful plays on words of which the Jews were fond.

Beth-anath.—Nothing is known of this town. The name perhaps means “house of echo,” and some identify it with Baneas or Paneas, a place at which the echo was famous.

Nevertheless.—The tribe of Naphtali was in the same unhappy condition as that of Asher, living in the midst of a Canaanite population of superior strength to themselves. They had, however, so far succeeded as to reduce the two chief towns (out of nineteen—Jos_19:38) to a tributary condition.

A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

33. Naphtali] inhabited the eastern part of Upper Galilee; Jdg_1:18. On the S. the territory was bounded by Zebulun and Issachar, on the W. by Asher. It is curious that only two cities are named as having stood out against Naphtali; perhaps the list is not complete, cf. Jdg_4:2 ff. (Hazor). Beth-shemesh and Beth-anath (Jos_19:38) i.e. ‘temple of the sun(-god),’ ‘temple of (the goddess) Anath,’ were Canaanite sanctuaries, as the names shew; their sites are unknown; possibly ‘Ainîtha, 6 m. N.W. of Ḳades (Kadesh of Naphtali), may be Beth-anath. Both names occur also in Judah, Jos_15:10; Jos_15:59; Jdg_1:35 n.

became tributary unto them] had to do forced labour for them.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Gill's Exposition

Neither did Naphtali drive out the inhabitants of Bethshemesh, nor the inhabitants of Bethanath,.... Of which places See Gill on Jos 19:38,

but he dwelt among the Canaanites, the inhabitants of the land; in the same disgraceful manner as Asher did, owing to cowardice or sloth:

nevertheless, the inhabitants of Bethshemesh, and of Bethanath, became tributaries unto them; these two cities did at length exert themselves, and got the mastery over the Canaanites, as to make them pay tribute to them; though they ought to have expelled them, and even destroyed them, according to the command of God, but avarice prevailed over them.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary

CHAPTER I.

George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), Haydock's Catholic Family Bible and Commentary, 1859 edition — public domain. Excludes Psalms (Douay-Rheims chapter numbering differs from Protestant) and Deuterocanonical books (Catholic canon only).

Matthew Poole's English Annotations

Beth-shemesh; a place differing from that Beth-shemesh, Jos 15:10.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

Daniel D. Whedon

33. Beth-shemesh (house of the sun) and Beth-anath (house of echo) are unknown.

Daniel D. Whedon (gen. ed.), Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1874–1909) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

unfoldingWord translationNotes

Door43 World Missions Community

Beth Shemesh ... Beth Anath

These are names of cities. (See: How to Translate Names)

the inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and Beth Anath were forced into hard labor for Naphthali

This can be stated in active form. AT: "the people of Naphtali forced the people of Beth Shemesh and Beth Anath to work for them as slaves" (See: Active or Passive)

translationWords

Naphtali

cast out

life

Beth Shemesh

Canaan

labor

unfoldingWord translationNotes — © Distant Shores Media and the Door43 World Missions Community, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Source: git.door43.org/Door43/en_tn.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

Judges, in the Historical, opens this verse with 24 words (12 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is Bêyth ʻĂnâth (“Beth-anath”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

What does “Beth-anath” (Bêyth ʻĂnâth) contribute to the verse as a whole?
How does Joshua 19:38, which shares the word «Beth-anath», read alongside this verse?
What does the repetition of “to dwell” (5× in this one verse) do in this verse?
These translations render this verse differently; the difference is in the English rendering, not the original. What questions does that raise?
«הוֹרִ֞ישׁ» is a Hiphil Perfect verb. How does that grammatical form shape the action described?
Compare how Adam Clarke's Commentary and Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers read this verse. Where do they agree or differ?

Things to notice

This verse counts 24 Hebrew ↔ 33 Greek words.
These translations choose different wording for 26 words in this verse.
“to dwell” occurs 5× in this single verse.
12 distinct Hebrew lemmas span 24 words in this verse.