וַיָּ֛שֶׁב אֶת שַׂ֥ר הַמַּשְׁקִ֖ים עַל מַשְׁקֵ֑הוּ וַיִּתֵּ֥ן הַכּ֖וֹס עַל כַּ֥ף פַּרְעֹֽה
He restored the chief cupbearer to his position again, and he gave the cup into Pharaoh's hand;
World English Bible · Public Domain
Genesis 40:21
Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex) Genesis 40:21 appears in the Hebrew Old Testament. The text above is from the Westminster Leningrad Codex. Each word links to its Strong’s number, a concise gloss, and parsing drawn from the Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible morphology. Click any word for its full Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB) entry.
English Translation
He restored the chief cupbearer to his position again, and he gave the cup into Pharaoh's hand;
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Compare translations 3
The same verse in 3 English versions, stacked beneath the original-language interlinear above. Click any original word for its lexicon entry.
Each is an independent rendering of the whole verse — the interlinear is not word-aligned to these translations.
Highlighted words mark where these versions differ — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment.
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World English Bible Public Domain
He restored the chief cupbearer to his position again, and he gave the cup into Pharaoh's hand;
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King James Version Public Domain
And he restored the chief butler unto his butlership again; and he gave the cup into Pharaoh's hand:
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unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Then he restored the chief of the cupbearers to his position, and he put the cup into the hand of Pharaoh,
unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult).
Show all 18 translations
Every available English version of this verse, each an independent rendering of the whole verse.
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World English Bible Public Domain
He restored the chief cupbearer to his position again, and he gave the cup into Pharaoh's hand;
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Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Pharaoh restored the chief cupbearer to his position, so that he once again placed the cup in Pharaoh’s hand.
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Majority Standard Bible Public Domain
Pharaoh restored the chief cupbearer to his position, so that he once again placed the cup in Pharaoh’s hand.
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King James Version Public Domain
And he restored the chief butler unto his butlership again; and he gave the cup into Pharaoh's hand:
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American Standard Version (1901) Public Domain
And he restored the chief butler unto his butlership again; and he gave the cup into Pharaoh's hand:
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Revised Version (1885) Public Domain
And he restored the chief butler unto his butlership again; and he gave the cup into Pharaoh’s hand:
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Geneva Bible (1599) Public Domain
And he restored the chiefe butler vnto his butlershippe, who gaue the cup into Pharaohs hande,
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Douay-Rheims (1899) Public Domain
After which Pharao will take thy hand from thee, and hang thee on a cross, and the birds shall tear thy flesh.
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Young's Literal Translation Public Domain
and he putteth back the chief of the butlers to his butlership, and he giveth the cup into the hand of Pharaoh;
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Literal Standard Version CC BY-SA 4.0
and he puts back the chief of the butlers to his butlership, and he gives the cup into the hand of Pharaoh;
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Unlocked Literal Bible CC BY-SA 4.0
He restored the chief of the cupbearers to his responsibility, and he put the cup into Pharaoh's hand again.
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unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Then he restored the chief of the cupbearers to his position, and he put the cup into the hand of Pharaoh,
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Darby Bible Public Domain
And he restored the chief of the cup-bearers to his office of cup-bearer again; and he gave the cup into Pharaoh's hand.
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World Messianic Bible Public Domain
He restored the chief cup bearer to his position again, and he gave the cup into Pharaoh’s hand;
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Webster's Bible Public Domain
And he restored the chief butler to his butlership again; and he gave the cup into Pharaoh's hand:
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Free Bible Version CC BY-SA 4.0
He gave the chief cupbearer his job back, and he returned to his duties of handing Pharaoh his cup.
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Bible in Basic English Public Domain
And he put the chief wine-servant back in his old place; and he gave the cup into Pharaoh's hand.
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JPS Tanakh (1917) Public Domain
And he restored the chief butler back unto his butlership; and he gave the cup into Pharaoh's hand.
Literal Standard Version (2020), Covenant Press — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). Unlocked Literal Bible (unfoldingWord) — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult). Free Bible Version, Dr. Jonathan Gallagher — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org).
Word by word
More ways to search: Search by grammar → Find every occurrence → Compare this word →
Practice this passage: Drill this verse → Learn its vocabulary →
הַמַּשְׁקִ֖ים
mashqeh
H4945
“the · drinks”
Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Common, Masculine, Plural, Absolute
- Appears 19× in the Hebrew Bible
- First appears at Genesis 13:10
- Part of Speech
- Particle + Noun
- Type
- Common
- Gender
- Masculine
- Number
- Plural
- State
- Absolute
Full BDB Definition
irrigation, drink
- irrigation
- drink, drinking vessels
- butlership (office of butler)
- butler, cup-bearer
- וַיָּ֛שֶׁב shûwb H7725 “and · to return” Conjunction + Verb, Hiphil, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
- אֶת ʼêth H853 “-” Particle, Direct Object
- שַׂ֥ר sar H8269 “prince of” Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct
- הַמַּשְׁקִ֖ים mashqeh H4945 “the · drinks” Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Common, Masculine, Plural, Absolute
- עַל ʻal H5921 “upon” Preposition
- מַשְׁקֵ֑הוּ mashqeh H4945 “drink · his” Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct + Suffix, Personal, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
- וַיִּתֵּ֥ן nâthan H5414 “and · to give” Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
- הַכּ֖וֹס kôwç H3563 “the · cup” Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Common, Feminine, Singular, Absolute
- עַל ʻal H5921 “upon” Preposition
- כַּ֥ף kaph H3709 “palm of” Noun, Common, Feminine, Singular, Construct
- פַּרְעֹֽה Parʻôh H6547 “Pharaoh” Noun, Proper
About this verse
These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →
- 11
- words
- 9
- distinct lemmas
- Pentateuch
- section
Notable vocabulary
The rarest word here is הַמַּשְׁקִ֖ים drink H4945 — appearing just 19 times in the whole Hebrew Bible.
Shared distinctive vocabulary
הַמַּשְׁקִ֖ים drink H4945 occurs in 18 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:
Grammatical profile
- 2 verbs
- 6 nouns
- 2 prepositions
- 1 particle
Verb forms
- וַיָּ֛שֶׁב Hiphil · Sequential Imperfect
- וַיִּתֵּ֥ן Qal · Sequential Imperfect
Repetition
Words recur within this verse — often emphatic in Hebrew:
Hebrew & Septuagint length
In English translation the verse runs 17 words from the Hebrew and 17 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — the same length.
A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.
Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.
In the original languages it is 11 Hebrew tokens and 17 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.
Cross-references
2Topical passages linked to Genesis 40:21 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.
- Genesis 40:13 Within three more days, Pharaoh will lift up your head, and restore you to your office. You will give Pharaoh's cup into his hand, the way you did when you were his cupbearer.
- Nehemiah 2:1 It happened in the month Nisan, in the twentieth year of Artaxerxes the king, when wine was before him, that I took up the wine, and gave it to the king. Now I had not been [before] sad in his presence.
Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).
Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint
The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.
These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.
καί ἀπο καταἵστημι ὁ ἀρχιοινοχόος ἐπί ὁ ἀρχή αὐτός καί δίδωμι ὁ ποτήριον εἰς ὁ χείρ φαραώ
And he restored the chief cupbearer to his office, and he gave the cup into Pharao's hand.
LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain
Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →
Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)
The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.
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Targum Onkelos Torah (Genesis–Deuteronomy)
וַאֲתֵיב יָת רַב שָׁקֵי עַל שַׁקְיוּתֵהּ וִיהַב יָת כַּסָּא עַל יְדָא דְפַרְעֹה
(no public-domain English translation for this verse)
Targum Onkelos — Aramaic: “Onkelos Genesis” (public domain); “Onkelos Exodus” (public domain); “Onkelos Leviticus” (public domain); “Onkelos Numbers” (public domain); “Onkelos Deuteronomy” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “J.W. Etheridge. The Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan Ben Uzziel on the Pentateuch. London: Longmans, Green, 1862” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.
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Targum Pseudo-Jonathan Torah (Genesis–Deuteronomy)
וְאָתֵיב יַת רַב מְזוֹגֵיהּ עַל מַזְגֵיהּ דְאִשְׁתַּכַּח דְלָא הֲוָה בְּעֵיטָא הַהוּא וִיהַב כַּסָא עַל יְדָא דְפַרְעה
And he restored the chief butler to his butlership, because he found he had not been in that counsel. And he gave the cup into Pharoh's hand.
Targum Pseudo-Jonathan — Aramaic: “Targum Jonathan on Genesis” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Exodus” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Leviticus” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Numbers” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Deuteronomy” (public domain). English: “The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, trans. J. W. Etheridge, London, 1862” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.
Lesson kit
Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.
Genesis, in the Pentateuch, opens this verse with 11 words (9 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is mashqeh (“drink”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.
Discussion questions
- What does “drink” (mashqeh) contribute to the verse as a whole?
- How does Genesis 13:10, which shares the word «drink», read alongside this verse?
- What does the repetition of “drink” (2× in this one verse) do in this verse?
- These translations render this verse differently. What is at stake in choosing one wording over another?
- «וַיָּ֛שֶׁב» is a Hiphil Sequential Imperfect verb. How does that grammatical form shape the action described?
- Compare how Joseph Benson's Commentary and John Gill's Exposition read this verse. Where do they agree or differ?
Things to notice
- This verse counts 11 Hebrew ↔ 17 Greek words.
- These translations choose different wording for 10 words in this verse.
- “drink” occurs 2× in this single verse.
- 9 distinct Hebrew lemmas span 11 words in this verse.
Commentary
Notes on Genesis 40:21 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.
Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →
Joseph Benson's Commentary
Joseph Benson's Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1811–1818) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
John Gill's Exposition
John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.
Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary
George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), Haydock's Catholic Family Bible and Commentary, 1859 edition — public domain. Excludes Psalms (Douay-Rheims chapter numbering differs from Protestant) and Deuterocanonical books (Catholic canon only).
The Pulpit Commentary
The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.