the covering of rams' skins dyed red, the covering of sea cow hides, the veil of the screen,
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The same verse in 3 English versions, stacked beneath the original-language interlinear above. Click any original word for its lexicon entry.
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the covering of rams' skins dyed red, the covering of sea cow hides, the veil of the screen,
And the covering of rams' skins dyed red, and the covering of badgers' skins, and the vail of the covering,
and the covering of reddened hides of rams and the covering of hides of sea-cows and the curtain of covering;
unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult).
Every available English version of this verse, each an independent rendering of the whole verse.
the covering of rams' skins dyed red, the covering of sea cow hides, the veil of the screen,
the covering of ram skins dyed red, the covering of fine leather, and the veil of the covering;
the covering of ram skins dyed red, the covering of fine leather, and the veil of the covering;
And the covering of rams' skins dyed red, and the covering of badgers' skins, and the vail of the covering,
and the covering of rams' skins dyed red, and the covering of sealskins, and the veil of the screen;
and the covering of rams’ skins dyed red, and the covering of sealskins, and the veil of the screen;
And the couering of rammes skinnes died red, and the couerings of badgers skinnes, and the couering vaile.
The veil, the ark, the bars, the propitiatory,
and the covering of rams' skins, which are made red, and the covering of badgers' skins, and the vail of the covering;
and the covering of rams’ skins, which are made red, and the covering of tachashim skins, and the veil of the covering;
the covering of ram skins dyed red, the covering of sea cow leather, and the curtain to conceal
and the covering of reddened hides of rams and the covering of hides of sea-cows and the curtain of covering;
and the covering of rams' skins dyed red, and the covering of badgers' skins, and the veil of separation;
the covering of rams’ skins dyed red, the covering of sea cow hides, the veil of the screen,
And the covering of rams' skins dyed red, and the covering of badgers' skins, and the vail of the covering,
the covering of tanned ram skins, the covering of fine leather, and the veil;
The outer cover of sheepskins coloured red, and the cover of leather, and the veil for the doorway;
and the covering of rams' skins dyed red, and the covering of sealskins, and the veil of the screen;
Literal Standard Version (2020), Covenant Press — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). Unlocked Literal Bible (unfoldingWord) — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult). Free Bible Version, Dr. Jonathan Gallagher — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org).
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These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →
The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.
These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.
וְאֶת מִכְסֵ֞ה עוֹרֹ֤ת הָֽאֵילִם֙ הַמְאָדָּמִ֔ים וְאֶת מִכְסֵ֖ה עֹרֹ֣ת הַתְּחָשִׁ֑ים וְאֵ֖ת פָּרֹ֥כֶת הַמָּסָֽךְ
the covering of rams' skins dyed red, the covering of sea cow hides, the veil of the screen,
World English Bible · Public Domain
Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from a public-domain English Septuagint. How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →
The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.
וְיָת חוֹפָאָה מַשְׁכֵי דְדִכְרֵי מְסַמְקֵי וְיָת חוֹפָאָה מַשְׁכֵי דְסַסְגוֹנָא וְיָת פָּרֻכְתָּא דִפְרָסָא:
(no public-domain English translation for this verse)
Targum Onkelos — Aramaic: “Onkelos Genesis” (public domain); “Onkelos Exodus” (public domain); “Onkelos Leviticus” (public domain); “Onkelos Numbers” (public domain); “Onkelos Deuteronomy” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “J.W. Etheridge. The Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan Ben Uzziel on the Pentateuch. London: Longmans, Green, 1862” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.
וְיַת חוֹפָאָה דְמַשְׁכֵי דְדִכְרֵי מְסַמְקֵי וְיַת חוֹפָאָה דְמַשְׁכֵי סַסְגְוָונָא וְיַת פַּרְגוֹדָא דִפְרָסָא
and the covering of reddened rams' skins, and the covering of purple skins, and the veil that was to be spread;
Targum Pseudo-Jonathan — Aramaic: “Targum Jonathan on Genesis” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Exodus” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Leviticus” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Numbers” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Deuteronomy” (public domain). English: “The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, trans. J. W. Etheridge, London, 1862” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.
Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.
Exodus, in the Pentateuch, opens this verse with 12 words (8 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is ʼâdam (“to be red”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.
Commentary
Notes on Exodus 39:34 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.
Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →
Geneva Bible (1599)
Geneva Bible translators
Geneva Bible (1599) marginal notes — public domain. Text via Bolls.life.
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown — Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.
Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers
A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne
The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.