וַיַּ֥עַשׂ בְּרִיחֵ֖י עֲצֵ֣י שִׁטִּ֑ים חֲמִשָּׁ֕ה לְקַרְשֵׁ֥י צֶֽלַע הַמִּשְׁכָּ֖ן הָאֶחָֽת
He made bars of acacia wood; five for the boards of the one side of the tent,
World English Bible · Public Domain
Exodus 36:31
Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex) Exodus 36:31 appears in the Hebrew Old Testament. The text above is from the Westminster Leningrad Codex. Each word links to its Strong’s number, a concise gloss, and parsing drawn from the Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible morphology. Click any word for its full Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB) entry.
English Translation
He made bars of acacia wood; five for the boards of the one side of the tent,
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Compare translations 3
The same verse in 3 English versions, stacked beneath the original-language interlinear above. Click any original word for its lexicon entry.
Each is an independent rendering of the whole verse — the interlinear is not word-aligned to these translations.
Highlighted words mark where these versions differ — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment.
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World English Bible Public Domain
He made bars of acacia wood; five for the boards of the one side of the tent,
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King James Version Public Domain
And he made bars of shittim wood; five for the boards of the one side of the tabernacle,
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unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
And he made crossbars of wood of acacias—five for the frames of the one side of the Dwelling,
unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult).
Show all 18 translations
Every available English version of this verse, each an independent rendering of the whole verse.
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World English Bible Public Domain
He made bars of acacia wood; five for the boards of the one side of the tent,
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Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
He also made five crossbars of acacia wood for the frames on one side of the tabernacle,
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Majority Standard Bible Public Domain
He also made five crossbars of acacia wood for the frames on one side of the tabernacle,
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King James Version Public Domain
And he made bars of shittim wood; five for the boards of the one side of the tabernacle,
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American Standard Version (1901) Public Domain
And he made bars of acacia wood; five for the boards of the one side of the tabernacle,
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Revised Version (1885) Public Domain
And he made bars of acacia wood; five for the boards of the one side of the tabernacle,
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Geneva Bible (1599) Public Domain
After, he made barres of Shittim wood, fiue for the boards in ye one side of ye Tabernacle,
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Douay-Rheims (1899) Public Domain
He made also bars of setim wood, five to hold together the boards of one side of the tabernacle,
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Young's Literal Translation Public Domain
And he maketh bars of shittim wood, five for the boards of the one side of the tabernacle,
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Literal Standard Version CC BY-SA 4.0
And he makes bars of shittim wood: five for the boards of the first side of the Dwelling Place,
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Unlocked Literal Bible CC BY-SA 4.0
Bezalel made crossbars of acacia wood—five for the frames of the one side of the tabernacle,
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unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
And he made crossbars of wood of acacias—five for the frames of the one side of the Dwelling,
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Darby Bible Public Domain
-- And he made bars of acacia-wood: five for the boards of the one side of the tabernacle,
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World Messianic Bible Public Domain
He made bars of acacia wood: five for the boards of the one side of the tabernacle,
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Webster's Bible Public Domain
And he made bars of shittim wood; five for the boards of the one side of the tabernacle,
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Free Bible Version CC BY-SA 4.0
They made five crossbars of acacia wood to hold together the frames on the south side of the Tabernacle,
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Bible in Basic English Public Domain
And they made rods of hard wood; five for the boards on one side of the House,
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JPS Tanakh (1917) Public Domain
And he made bars of acacia-wood: five for the boards of the one side of the tabernacle,
Literal Standard Version (2020), Covenant Press — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). Unlocked Literal Bible (unfoldingWord) — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult). Free Bible Version, Dr. Jonathan Gallagher — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org).
Word by word
More ways to search: Search by grammar → Find every occurrence → Compare this word →
Practice this passage: Drill this verse → Learn its vocabulary →
שִׁטִּ֑ים
shiṭṭâh
H7848
“acacia trees”
Noun, Common, Feminine, Plural, Absolute
- Appears 28× in the Hebrew Bible
- First appears at Exodus 25:5
- Part of Speech
- Noun
- Type
- Common
- Gender
- Feminine
- Number
- Plural
- State
- Absolute
Full BDB Definition
acacia tree, acacia wood
- וַיַּ֥עַשׂ ʻâsâh H6213 “and · to do” Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
- בְּרִיחֵ֖י bᵉrîyach H1280 “bars of” Noun, Common, Masculine, Plural, Construct
- עֲצֵ֣י ʻêts H6086 “trees of” Noun, Common, Masculine, Plural, Construct
- שִׁטִּ֑ים shiṭṭâh H7848 “acacia trees” Noun, Common, Feminine, Plural, Absolute
- חֲמִשָּׁ֕ה châmêsh H2568 “five” Adjective, Cardinal number, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
- לְקַרְשֵׁ֥י qeresh H7175 “to/for · boards of” Preposition + Noun, Common, Masculine, Plural, Construct
- צֶֽלַע tsêlâʻ H6763 “rib of” Noun, Common, Both, Singular, Construct
- הַמִּשְׁכָּ֖ן mishkân H4908 “the · dwelling place” Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
- הָאֶחָֽת ʼechâd H259 “the · one” Particle, Definite Article + Adjective, Cardinal number, Feminine, Singular, Absolute
About this verse
These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →
- 9
- words
- 9
- distinct lemmas
- Pentateuch
- section
Shared distinctive vocabulary
שִׁטִּ֑ים acacia tree H7848 occurs in 28 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:
Grammatical profile
- 1 verb
- 6 nouns
- 2 adjectives
Verb forms
- וַיַּ֥עַשׂ Qal · Sequential Imperfect
Hebrew & Septuagint length
In English translation the verse runs 17 words from the Hebrew and 25 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — the Septuagint runs noticeably longer here. See the side-by-side →
A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.
Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.
Cross-references
3Topical passages linked to Exodus 36:31 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.
- Exodus 26:26–29 "You shall make bars of acacia wood: five for the boards of the one side of the tent,
- Exodus 25:28 You shall make the poles of acacia wood, and overlay them with gold, that the table may be carried with them.
- Exodus 30:5 You shall make the poles of acacia wood, and overlay them with gold.
Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).
Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint
The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.
Here the Septuagint runs noticeably longer than the Hebrew — LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) 25 words vs World English Bible 17. A rough length comparison of the two English translations, not a word-level alignment — read both below.
These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.
καί ποιέω ἐπί ὁ λῶμα ὁ ὑποδύτης κάτωθεν ὡς ἐκἀνθέω ῥοά ῥοίσκος ἐκ ὑάκινθος καί πορφύρα καί κόκκινος νήθω καί βύσσος κλώθω
And the opening of the tunic in the midst woven closely together, the opening having a fringe round about, that it might not be torn.
LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain
Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →
Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)
The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.
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Targum Onkelos Torah (Genesis–Deuteronomy)
וַעֲבַד עַבְּרֵי דְאָעֵי שִׁטִין חַמְשָׁא לְדַפֵּי סְטַר מַשְׁכְּנָא חָד:
(no public-domain English translation for this verse)
Targum Onkelos — Aramaic: “Onkelos Genesis” (public domain); “Onkelos Exodus” (public domain); “Onkelos Leviticus” (public domain); “Onkelos Numbers” (public domain); “Onkelos Deuteronomy” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “J.W. Etheridge. The Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan Ben Uzziel on the Pentateuch. London: Longmans, Green, 1862” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.
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Targum Pseudo-Jonathan Torah (Genesis–Deuteronomy)
וַעֲבַד נַגְרִין דְּקִיסֵי שִׁיטָא חַמְשָׁא לְלוּחֵי סְטַר מַשְׁכְּנָא חָד
made bars of sitta wood; five for the boards of one side of the tabernacle,
Targum Pseudo-Jonathan — Aramaic: “Targum Jonathan on Genesis” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Exodus” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Leviticus” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Numbers” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Deuteronomy” (public domain). English: “The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, trans. J. W. Etheridge, London, 1862” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.
Lesson kit
Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.
Exodus, in the Pentateuch, opens this verse with 9 words (9 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is shiṭṭâh (“acacia tree”). The Greek Septuagint runs longer here. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.
Discussion questions
- What does “acacia tree” (shiṭṭâh) contribute to the verse as a whole?
- How does Exodus 25:5, which shares the word «acacia tree», read alongside this verse?
- The Septuagint runs longer here than the Hebrew. What might account for the difference?
- These translations render this verse differently; the difference is in the English rendering, not the original. What questions does that raise?
- «וַיַּ֥עַשׂ» is a Qal Sequential Imperfect verb. How does that grammatical form shape the action described?
- Compare how unfoldingWord translationNotes and Adam Clarke's Commentary read this verse. Where do they agree or differ?
Things to notice
- These translations choose different wording for 11 words in this verse.
- 9 distinct Hebrew lemmas span 9 words in this verse.
Commentary
Notes on Exodus 36:31 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.
Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →
unfoldingWord translationNotes
Door43 World Missions Community
unfoldingWord translationNotes — © Distant Shores Media and the Door43 World Missions Community, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Source: git.door43.org/Door43/en_tn.
Adam Clarke's Commentary
Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible (1810–1826) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.