1 Samuel 24:18

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex) 1 Samuel 24:18 appears in the Hebrew Old Testament. The text above is from the Westminster Leningrad Codex. Each word links to its Strong’s number, a concise gloss, and parsing drawn from the Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible morphology. Click any word for its full Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB) entry.
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1 Samuel 24:18 (World English Bible). Public Domain. Lemma interlinear Bible study tool, https://lemma.gebible.app/v/1-samuel/24/18.

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English Translation
You have declared this day how that you have dealt well with me, because when Yahweh had delivered me up into your hand, you didn't kill me.
World English Bible · Public Domain
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Compare translations 3

The same verse in 3 English versions, stacked beneath the original-language interlinear above. Click any original word for its lexicon entry.

Each is an independent rendering of the whole verse — the interlinear is not word-aligned to these translations.

Highlighted words mark where these versions differ — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    You have declared this day how that you have dealt well with me, because when Yahweh had delivered me up into your hand, you didn't kill me.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    And thou hast showed this day how that thou hast dealt well with me: forasmuch as when the LORD had delivered me into thine hand, thou killedst me not.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    For you have declared today that you have done good with me, that Yahweh enclosed me in your hand, but you did not kill me.

unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult).

Versions to compare (up to 4)

3 of 4 selected

Show all 18 translations

Every available English version of this verse, each an independent rendering of the whole verse.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    You have declared this day how that you have dealt well with me, because when Yahweh had delivered me up into your hand, you didn't kill me.
  • Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
    And you have shown this day how well you have dealt with me; for when the LORD delivered me into your hand, you did not kill me.
  • Majority Standard Bible Public Domain
    And you have declared this day how you have treated me well, for when the LORD delivered me into your hand, you did not kill me.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    And thou hast showed this day how that thou hast dealt well with me: forasmuch as when the LORD had delivered me into thine hand, thou killedst me not.
  • American Standard Version (1901) Public Domain
    And thou hast declared this day how that thou hast dealt well with me, forasmuch as when Jehovah had delivered me up into thy hand, thou killedst me not.
  • Revised Version (1885) Public Domain
    And thou hast declared this day how that thou hast dealt well with me: forasmuch as when the LORD had delivered me up into thine hand, thou killedst me not.
  • Geneva Bible (1599) Public Domain
    And sayd to Dauid, Thou art more righteous then I: for thou hast rendred me good, and I haue rendred thee euill.
  • Douay-Rheims (1899) Public Domain
    And he said to David: Thou art more just than I: for thou hast done good to me, and I have rewarded thee with evil.
  • Young's Literal Translation Public Domain
    and thou hast declared to-day how that thou hast done good with me, how that Jehovah shut me up into thy hand, and thou didst not slay me,
  • Literal Standard Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    and you have declared today how that you have done good with me, how that YHWH shut me up into your hand, and you did not slay me,
  • Unlocked Literal Bible CC BY-SA 4.0
    You have declared today how you have done good to me, for you did not kill me when Yahweh had put me at your mercy.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    For you have declared today that you have done good with me, that Yahweh enclosed me in your hand, but you did not kill me.
  • Darby Bible Public Domain
    And thou hast shewed this day how that thou hast dealt well with me, forasmuch as when Jehovah had delivered me up into thy hand, thou didst not kill me.
  • World Messianic Bible Public Domain
    You have declared today how you have dealt well with me, because when the LORD had delivered me up into your hand, you didn’t kill me.
  • Webster's Bible Public Domain
    \\24:17\\And he said to David, thou art more righteous than I: for thou hast rewarded me with good, whereas I have rewarded thee with evil.
  • Free Bible Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    Today you have demonstrated how well you have treated me—for when the Lord handed me over to you, you didn't kill me.
  • Bible in Basic English Public Domain
    And he said to David, You are right and I am wrong: for you have given me back good, but I have given you evil.
  • JPS Tanakh (1917) Public Domain
    (24-19) And thou hast declared this day how that thou hast dealt well with me; forasmuch as when the LORD had delivered me up into thy hand, thou didst not kill me.

Literal Standard Version (2020), Covenant Press — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). Unlocked Literal Bible (unfoldingWord) — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult). Free Bible Version, Dr. Jonathan Gallagher — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org).

Word by word

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סִגְּרַ֧נִי
çâgar
H5462
“to shut · me”
Verb, Piel, Perfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular + Suffix, Personal, 1st Person, Common, Singular
Part of Speech
Verb
Stem
Piel
Form
Perfect
Person
3rd Person
Gender
Masculine
Number
Singular
Full BDB Definition

Origin: a primitive root

TWOT: 1462

to shut, close - (Qal) - to shut - to close, close up - closed up, closely joined, shut up - (Niphal) - to be shut up - to be shut or closed - (Piel) to shut up, deliver up - (Pual) to be shut up - (Hiphil) - to deliver up - to shut up, imprison
  1. ואת ʼattâh H859 “and · you” Conjunction + Pronoun, Personal, 2nd Person, Masculine, Singular
  2. וְאַתָּה֙ ʼattâh H859 “and · you” Conjunction + Pronoun, Personal, 2nd Person, Masculine, Singular
  3. הִגַּ֣דְתָּ nâgad H5046 “to make known” Verb, Hiphil, Perfect, 2nd Person, Masculine, Singular
  4. הַיּ֔וֹם yôwm H3117 “the · day” Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
  5. אֵ֛ת ʼêth H853 “-” Particle, Direct Object
  6. אֲשֶׁר ʼăsher H834 “which” Particle, Relative
  7. עָשִׂ֥יתָה ʻâsâh H6213 “to do” Verb, Qal, Perfect, 2nd Person, Masculine, Singular
  8. אִתִּ֖י ʼêth H854 “with · me” Preposition + Suffix, Personal, 1st Person, Common, Singular
  9. טוֹבָ֑ה ṭôwb H2896 “good” Adjective, Adjective, Feminine, Singular, Absolute
  10. אֵת֩ ʼêth H853 “-” Particle, Direct Object
  11. אֲשֶׁ֨ר ʼăsher H834 “which” Particle, Relative
  12. יְהוָ֛ה Yᵉhôvâh H3068 “LORD” Noun, Proper
  13. בְּיָדְךָ֖ yâd H3027 “in/at · hand · your” Preposition + Noun, Common, Both, Singular, Construct + Suffix, Personal, 2nd Person, Masculine, Singular
  14. וְלֹ֥א lôʼ H3808 “and · not” Conjunction + Particle, Negative
  15. הֲרַגְתָּֽנִי hârag H2026 “to kill · me” Verb, Qal, Perfect, 2nd Person, Masculine, Singular + Suffix, Personal, 1st Person, Common, Singular

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

16
words
13
distinct lemmas
Historical
section

Grammatical profile

  • 4 verbs
  • 3 nouns
  • 1 adjective
  • 2 pronouns
  • 1 preposition
  • 5 particles

Verb forms

  • הִגַּ֣דְתָּ Hiphil · Perfect
  • עָשִׂ֥יתָה Qal · Perfect
  • סִגְּרַ֧נִי Piel · Perfect
  • הֲרַגְתָּֽנִי Qal · Perfect

Repetition

Words recur within this verse — often emphatic in Hebrew:

  • ואת you H859 ×2
  • אֲשֶׁר which H834 ×2

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 27 words from the Hebrew and 23 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 16 Hebrew tokens and 21 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

6

Topical passages linked to 1 Samuel 24:18 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

  • 1 Samuel 26:23 Yahweh will render to every man his righteousness and his faithfulness; because Yahweh delivered you into my hand today, and I wouldn't put forth my hand against Yahweh's anointed.
  • 1 Samuel 23:7 It was told Saul that David was come to Keilah. Saul said, God has delivered him into my hand; for he is shut in, by entering into a town that has gates and bars.
  • 1 Samuel 23:12 Then said David, Will the men of Keilah deliver up to me and my men into the hand of Saul? Yahweh said, They will deliver you up.
  • 1 Samuel 24:10 Behold, this day your eyes have seen how that Yahweh had delivered you today into my hand in the cave: and some bade me kill you; but [my eye] spared you; and I said, I will not put forth my hand against my lord; for he is Yahweh's anointed.
  • 1 Samuel 26:8 Then said Abishai to David, God has delivered up your enemy into your hand this day: now therefore please let me strike him with the spear to the earth at one stroke, and I will not strike him the second time.
  • Psalms 31:8 You have not shut me up into the hand of the enemy. You have set my feet in a large place.

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew 1 Samuel 24:18 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

ואת וְאַתָּה֙ הִגַּ֣דְתָּ הַיּ֔וֹם אֵ֛ת אֲשֶׁר עָשִׂ֥יתָה אִתִּ֖י טוֹבָ֑ה אֵת֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר סִגְּרַ֧נִי יְהוָ֛ה בְּיָדְךָ֖ וְלֹ֥א הֲרַגְתָּֽנִי

You have declared this day how that you have dealt well with me, because when Yahweh had delivered me up into your hand, you didn't kill me.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX 1 Samuel 24:18 Septuagint · lemma form

καί εἶπον σαούλ πρός δαυίδ δίκαιος σύ ὑπέρ ἐγώ ὅτι σύ ἀντι ἀποδίδωμι ἐγώ ἀγαθός ἐγώ δέ ἀντι ἀποδίδωμι σύ κακός

And Saul said to David, You are more righteous that I, for you have recompensed me good, but I have recompensed you evil.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

1

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

  1. Targum Jonathan Prophets (Joshua–Malachi)
    וַאֲמַר לְדָוִד זַכַּאי אַתְּ מִנִי אֲרֵי אַתְּ גְמַלְתַּנִי טַבְתָּא וַאֲנָא גְמַלְתָּךְ בִּישְׁתָא:

    (no public-domain English translation for this verse)

    Targum Jonathan — Aramaic: “Mikraot Gedolot” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “London "Chaldee Paraphrase," 1871” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on 1 Samuel 24:18 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Trapp's Complete Commentary

John Trapp

1Sa 24:18 And thou hast shewed this day how that thou hast dealt well with me: forasmuch as when the LORD had delivered me into thine hand, thou killedst me not.

Ver. 18. And thou hast showed this day.] Saul being melted by those coals of kindness which David had heaped on his head, poureth out himself in a flood of passionate expressions, and for present spake as he thought. But good thoughts make but a thoroughfare of wicked hearts: they stay not there, as those that like not their lodging: their purposes, for want of performance, are but as clouds without rain, or as Hercules’ club in the tragedy, of a great bulk, but stuffed with moss and rubbish.

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Gill's Exposition

And thou hast showed this day how that thou hast dealt well with me,.... The cutting off of the skirt of his robe only, when his life was in his hand, was a clear proof and full demonstration of his dealing well with him, and might sufficiently convince him he had no ill design upon him:

forasmuch as when the Lord had delivered me into thine hand, thou killedst me not; this was a plain proof and evidence of his kindness to him, which he owns, and also the providence of God in this affair, which had delivered him into the hands of David; by which he might see the Lord was for David, and against him, and might have deterred him from seeking David's hurt hereafter; but it did not.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

1 Samuel, in the Historical, opens this verse with 16 words (13 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is çâgar (“to shut”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

  1. What does “to shut” (çâgar) contribute to the verse as a whole?
  2. How does 1 Samuel 26:23, which shares this passage’s theme, read alongside this verse?
  3. What does the repetition of “you” (2× in this one verse) do in this verse?
  4. These translations render this verse differently; the difference is in the English rendering, not the original. What questions does that raise?
  5. «הִגַּ֣דְתָּ» is a Hiphil Perfect verb. How does that grammatical form shape the action described?
  6. Compare how Trapp's Complete Commentary and John Gill's Exposition read this verse. Where do they agree or differ?

Things to notice

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Old Testament
Old Testament edition

Read the OT as the Masoretic Hebrew (MT) or the Greek Septuagint (LXX).

English shown for the Greek Septuagint (in the Hebrew ↔ Greek comparison).

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