אַתּוּן
furnace
Full lexicon entry — Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
From Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
Where this word appears
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Noun
- A naming word — a person, place, thing, or idea.
Noun type
- Common
- A common noun — a general class of person, place, or thing (“king,” “city,” “water”), not a specific name.
State
- Construct
- A noun bound to a following noun in a possessive / “of” relationship (the construct chain).
Gender
- Masculine
- Grammatically masculine.
Number
- Singular
- One.
Grammatical forms
- Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct 8 times (80%)
- Particle, Definite Article 2 times (20%)
Parsed forms decoded from the imported morphology (morphhb / Westminster Leningrad Codex — WLC text public domain, morphhb tagging CC BY 4.0), counted across 10 parsed occurrences — not distinct verses.
Every verse where H861 appears — 10 distinct verses across 1 book. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Hebrew form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Hebrew Bible; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences are not indexed here.
Daniel 10 verses
- Daniel 3:6 אַתּ֥וּן n c ms cs and whoever doesn't fall down and worships shall the same hour be cast into the midst of a burning fiery furnace.
- Daniel 3:11 אַתּ֥וּן n c ms cs and whoever doesn't fall down and worship shall be cast into the midst of a burning fiery furnace.
- Daniel 3:15 אַתּ֥וּן n c ms cs Now if you are ready whenever you hear the sound of the horn, flute, zither, lyre, harp, pipe, and all kinds of music to you fall down and worship the image which I have made, [well]: but if you don't worship, you shall be cast the same hour into the midst of a burning fiery furnace; and who is that god that shall deliver you out of my hands?
- Daniel 3:17 אַתּ֨וּן n c ms cs If it be [so], our God whom we serve is able to deliver us from the burning fiery furnace; and he will deliver us out of your hand, O king.
- Daniel 3:19 לְ/אַתּוּנָ֔/א ptcl do + n c ms det + ptcl def.art Then was Nebuchadnezzar full of fury, and the form of his visage was changed against Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego: [therefore] he spoke, and commanded that they should heat the furnace seven times more than it was wont to be heated.
- Daniel 3:20 לְ/אַתּ֥וּן prep + n c ms cs He commanded certain mighty men who were in his army to bind Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego, [and] to cast them into the burning fiery furnace.
- Daniel 3:21 אַתּ֥וּן n c ms cs Then these men were bound in their pants, their tunics, and their mantles, and their [other] garments, and were cast into the midst of the burning fiery furnace.
- Daniel 3:22 וְ/אַתּוּנָ֖/א conj + n c ms det + ptcl def.art Therefore because the king's commandment was urgent, and the furnace exceeding hot, the flame of the fire killed those men who took up Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego.
- Daniel 3:23 אַתּוּן n c ms cs These three men, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego, fell down bound into the midst of the burning fiery furnace.
- Daniel 3:26 אַתּ֣וּן n c ms cs Then Nebuchadnezzar came near to the mouth of the burning fiery furnace: he spoke and said, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego, you servants of the Most High God, come forth, and come here. Then Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego came forth out of the midst of the fire.
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
אתון — transliterated ʼattûwn — is a Hebrew noun carrying the sense “furnace.” Its uses cluster heavily in Daniel (100% of all occurrences). With 10 verses in 1 book, it is an uncommon word in the Hebrew Bible. Debuting at Daniel 3:6, it then recurs through the corpus. The King James Version usually renders it “furnace,” while modern versions prefer “furnace of” (unfoldingWord Literal Text) — see the renderings breakdown. See the sense tree, 10-verse concordance, and the renderings breakdown below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's H861 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 10
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 10 distinct verses.
- 1 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 1 of 39 Old Testament books.
- #2,342
- by frequency
- Top 2500 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 2,342 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).
View all 10 occurrences in the concordance →
Most concentrated in
- Daniel 10 verses 100%
By section of the Old Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 10 distinct verses.
- Writings (Ketuvim) 10 verses · 100%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
- King James Version: Furnace 10×
- American Standard Version: Furnace 9×
- Berean Standard Bible: Furnace 10×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text: Furnace of 8×, Furnace 2×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders H861 across 10 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders H861 across 9 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders H861 across 10 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders H861 across 10 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Senses in BDB
The 1 sense BDB distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency or importance). The full entry — with sub-senses — is in the Lexicon Entry tab.
- furnace
Word origin
אַתּוּן n.m. (prob. f.) furnace
— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.
Derived from אש (ʼêsh) (H784) — fire.
Jastrow Dictionary
A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.
אַתּוּן
- , v. אַתּוּנָא II. Dan. III, 6; a. e. e.g. Daniel 3:6
A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.
Forms in the corpus
The 7 distinct written forms H861 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that state’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.
| Form | Parsing | Example | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|
| אַתּ֥וּן | Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct | Daniel 3:6 | 4 |
| אַתּ֣וּן | Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct | Daniel 3:26 | 1 |
| אַתּ֨וּן | Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct | Daniel 3:17 | 1 |
| אַתּוּן | Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct | Daniel 3:23 | 1 |
| וְ/אַתּוּנָ֖/א | Particle, Definite Article | Daniel 3:22 | 1 |
| לְ/אַתּ֥וּן | Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct | Daniel 3:20 | 1 |
| לְ/אַתּוּנָ֔/א | Particle, Definite Article | Daniel 3:19 | 1 |
Same root — word family
Other BDB entries built from the same root as H861, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derives from
Shares the same root
- אש ʼêsh H785 fire
- אש ʼish H786 there is
- אשדת ʼeshdâth H799 fiery law
- אשה ʼeshshâh H800 fire
- אשיש ʼâshîysh H808 foundation
Compare all same-root words → Showing 4 of 7 — not the complete family. They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint verse parallels
This word appears in 10 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 10 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.
Read these verses in the Septuagint
This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.
