עָשַׁן
to smoke
also: be angry, be wroth fuller range ↓
Full lexicon entry — Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
From Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
Where this word appears
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Verb
- An action or state-of-being word.
Stem
- Qal
- The basic, simple active stem — the plain form of the verb (“he wrote”). Here: ‘smoke’
Form
- Imperfect
- An incomplete, ongoing, or future action (“he will / would write”).
- Perfect
- A completed action or state — Hebrew marks aspect (completeness) more than strict tense (“he wrote”).
Person
- 3rd Person
- The one spoken about (“he / she / it / they”).
- 2nd Person
- The one addressed (“you”).
Gender
- Masculine
- Grammatically masculine.
Number
- Plural
- More than one (in Hebrew, generally three or more).
- Singular
- One.
Grammatical forms
- Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Plural 2 times (33%)
- Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular 2 times (33%)
- Verb, Qal, Perfect, 2nd Person, Masculine, Singular 1 time (17%)
- Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular 1 time (17%)
Parsed forms decoded from the imported morphology (morphhb / Westminster Leningrad Codex — WLC text public domain, morphhb tagging CC BY 4.0), counted across 6 parsed occurrences — not distinct verses.
Every verse where H6225 appears — 6 distinct verses across 3 books. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Hebrew form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Hebrew Bible; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences are not indexed here.
Exodus 1 verse
Deuteronomy 1 verse
Psalms 4 verses
- Psalms 74:1 יֶעְשַׁ֥ן Qal impf 3ms God, why have you rejected us forever? Why does your anger smolder against the sheep of your pasture?
- Psalms 80:4 עָ֝שַׁ֗נְתָּ Qal pf 2ms Yahweh God of hosts, How long will you be angry against the prayer of your people?
- Psalms 104:32 וְֽ/יֶעֱשָֽׁנוּ conj + Qal impf 3mp He looks at the earth, and it trembles. He touches the mountains, and they smoke.
- Psalms 144:5 וְֽ/יֶעֱשָֽׁנוּ conj + Qal impf 3mp Part your heavens, Yahweh, and come down. Touch the mountains, and they will smoke.
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
At its core, עשן (ʻâshan) means “to smoke.” The word gravitates to Psalms (67%), then Exodus and Deuteronomy. With 6 verses in 3 books, it is an uncommon word in the Hebrew Bible. Debuting at Exodus 19:18, it then recurs through the corpus. Alongside “to smoke” the lexicon also lists “be angry” and “be wroth” — part of its full sense range. Each statement above links to its evidence; the full detail follows below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's H6225 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 6
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 6 distinct verses.
- 3 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 3 of 39 Old Testament books.
- #3,040
- by frequency
- Top 5000 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 3,040 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).
View all 6 occurrences in the concordance →
Most concentrated in
- Psalms 4 verses 67%
- Exodus 1 verse 17%
- Deuteronomy 1 verse 17%
By section of the Old Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 6 distinct verses.
- Writings (Ketuvim) 4 verses · 67%
- Torah (Pentateuch) 2 verses · 33%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
- King James Version: How long wilt thou be angry 1×, Shall smoke 1×, Smoke 1×
- American Standard Version: How long wilt thou be angry 1×, Smoke 1×, They shall smoke 1×
- Berean Standard Bible: Enveloped in smoke 1×, Smolder 1×, They may smoke 1×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text: Smoke 1×, Smoked 1×, They may smoke 1×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders H6225 across 6 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders H6225 across 6 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders H6225 across 6 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders H6225 across 7 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Senses in the full BDB
What do BDB’s symbols mean?
BDB uses these scholarly abbreviations:
| Symbol | Meaning |
|---|---|
| 𝔊 | the Septuagint (the ancient Greek translation, LXX) |
| 𝔙 | the Vulgate (the Latin translation) |
| 𝔖 | the Syriac version (the Peshitta) |
| 𝔗 | the Targum (the Aramaic translation) |
| ψ | the Psalms |
| √ | root (the underlying root or stem) |
| ‖ | parallel passage (a synonymous or contrasted parallel) |
| † | the dagger: every passage where the word occurs is cited |
The 3 senses and sub-senses the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency), with BDB’s own verbatim wording and sub-sense lettering. Shown in Hebrew script with BDB’s own scholarly abbreviations. The condensed entry is in the Lexicon Entry tab. See also the Forms in the corpus table below.
Qal
- 1.
- a. smoke, Pf. 3 ms. ע׳ of mt. Ex 19:18, so Impf. 3 mpl. יֶעֱשָׁ֑נוּ (at touch of י׳) ψ 104:32; 144:5. e.g. Exodus 19:18
- b. fig., 3 ms. יֶעְשַׁן אַף־י׳, c. ב against, Dt 29:19 ψ 74:1. Hence e.g. Deuteronomy 29:19
- 2. subj. pers., fume, i.e. be wroth, Pf. 2 ms. עָשַׁנְתָּ בּ׳ ψ 80:5. e.g. Psalms 80:5
Senses from the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon (Brown, Driver, Briggs; Oxford 1906 — public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). Full attribution on Sources.
Word origin
vb. denom. smoke, be wroth;—
— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.
Origin: a primitive root
Jastrow Dictionary
A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.
עָשָׁן
- v. עְשַׁן) [thick, cmp. עָב, אָבָק &c.,] smoke, soot. Ker. 6ᵃ מעלה ע׳ smoke-raiser (name of a plant). Yoma 21ᵇ עֲשַׁן המערכה the smoke rising from the pyre in the Temple; B. Bath. 147ᵃ; a. fr.—Pl. עֲשַׁנִּים. Sabb. 23ᵃ כל הע׳ יפין וכ׳ all soots are good for making ink, but that produced by burning olive oil is the best.
עָשַׁן
- denom. of preced.) to smoke.
- to generate smoke; to fumigate; to burn incense. Sabb. 23ᵃ (ref. to the use of oil for ink) לגבל או לעַשֵּׁן do you mean for kneading it with soot, or for making soot by burning it? Pesik. R. s. 12 והיו מְעַשְּׁנוֹת לפני עכו"ם they burnt incense before idols; Tanḥ. Tol’doth 8 מעשנות ומקטרות וכ׳ raised smoke and burnt perfumes &c. Yeb. 115ᵃ עִישֵּׁינוּ עלינו בית וכ׳ (Ar. עִישְּׁנוּ) they (robbers) filled our house with smoke, filled a cave in which we dwelt with smoke &c. Y. Ber. VI, 12ᵇ bot. במְעַשֵּׁין לפני וכ׳ (not במעשיו) when he burns spices in front of his shop; a. e.—Esp. to fumigate plants. Shebi. II, 2 מְעַשְּׁנִין עד וכ׳ you may fumigate until New Year (of the Sabbatical year). Y. Sabb. VII, 10ᵃ top המְעַשֵּׁן he who fumigates plants (on the Sabbath); a. fr.—Part. pass. מְעוּשָּׁן; f. מְעוּשֶּנֶת; pl. מְעוּשָּׁנִים, מְעוּשָּׁנִין; מְעוּשָּׁנוֹת. Men. VIII, 6 אין מביאין … מע׳ you must not use for libations sweet wine or smoked wine (of fumigated grapes). Y. Bicc. I, 63ᵈ bot. ענבים מאובקות ומע׳ וכ׳ (not מאונ׳) powdered (v. אָבַק) or smoked grapes should not be offered as first-fruits. Ḥull. III, 5 המע׳ an animal that has inhaled smoke; a. e.
- to be affected by smoke, taste of smoke. Zeb. 64ᵃ שמא יִתְעַשֵּׁנוּ lest the wine for libations may catch smoke (when carried past the altar pyre).
עֲשַׁן
- (cmp. אשן) to be substantial, strong (corresp. to h. עזז, v. עַז). Targ. Ps. LII, 9 עֲשַׁן Ms. (ed. עֲשִׁין). Ib. LXXXIX, 14 (ed. Wil. תַּעְשֵׁן Af.); a. e.
- to strengthen, make substantial. Targ. Prov. VIII, 28 (ed. Wil. אַעְשִׂין, corr. acc.); a. e.
- 1. to become strong. Targ. Y. Num. XXV, 8.
- 2. to exhibit one’s strength. Targ. Ps. LXVIII, 29 (h. text עוזה).
- 3. to boast of one’s strength, be impudent. Ib. IX, 20.
A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.
Forms in the corpus
The 5 distinct written forms H6225 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that stem’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.
| Form | Parsing | Example | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|
| וְֽ/יֶעֱשָֽׁנוּ | Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Plural | Psalms 104:32 | 2 |
| יֶעְשַׁ֥ן | Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular | Psalms 74:1 | 1 |
| יֶעְשַׁ֨ן | Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular | Deuteronomy 29:20 | 1 |
| עָ֝שַׁ֗נְתָּ | Verb, Qal, Perfect, 2nd Person, Masculine, Singular | Psalms 80:4 | 1 |
| עָשַׁ֣ן | Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular | Exodus 19:18 | 1 |
Same root — word family
Other BDB entries built from the same root as H6225, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derived from this word
Compare all same-root words → They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint verse parallels
This word appears in 6 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 6 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.
Read these verses in the Septuagint
This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.
