חַמָּה
sun
Full lexicon entry — Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
From Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
Where this word appears
See every Absolute-state word in the Hebrew Bible →
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Noun
- A naming word — a person, place, thing, or idea.
Noun type
- Common
- A common noun — a general class of person, place, or thing (“king,” “city,” “water”), not a specific name.
State
- Absolute
- The independent form of a noun, not bound to a following word.
- Construct
- A noun bound to a following noun in a possessive / “of” relationship (the construct chain).
Gender
- Feminine
- Grammatically feminine.
Number
- Singular
- One.
Grammatical forms
- Noun, Common, Feminine, Singular, Absolute 5 times (83%)
- Noun, Common, Feminine, Singular, Construct 1 time (17%)
Parsed forms decoded from the imported morphology (morphhb / Westminster Leningrad Codex — WLC text public domain, morphhb tagging CC BY 4.0), counted across 6 parsed occurrences — not distinct verses.
Every verse where H2535 appears — 5 distinct verses across 4 books. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Hebrew form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Hebrew Bible; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences are not indexed here.
Job 1 verse
Psalms 1 verse
Song of Solomon 1 verse
Isaiah 2 verses
- Isaiah 24:23 הַֽ/חַמָּ֑ה ptcl def.art + n c fs Then the moon shall be confounded, and the sun ashamed; for Yahweh of Hosts will reign on Mount Zion, and in Jerusalem; and before his elders shall be glory.
- Isaiah 30:26 הַֽ/חַמָּ֔ה הַֽ/חַמָּה֙ ptcl def.art + n c fs ptcl def.art + n c fs Moreover the light of the moon shall be as the light of the sun, and the light of the sun shall be sevenfold, as the light of seven days, in the day that Yahweh binds up the hurt of his people, and heals the stroke of their wound.
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
“sun” is the headline sense of the Hebrew noun חמה (chammâh). It occurs a mere 5 verses across Scripture. It concentrates in Isaiah, which alone accounts for 40% of its uses. First canonically at Job 30:28, it enters the text early. From the same root come חם, חמן and חם. See the sense tree, 5-verse concordance, and the renderings breakdown below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's H2535 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 5
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 5 distinct verses.
- 4 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 4 of 39 Old Testament books.
- #3,040
- by frequency
- Top 5000 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 3,040 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).
View all 5 occurrences in the concordance →
By section of the Old Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 5 distinct verses.
- Writings (Ketuvim) 3 verses · 60%
- Prophets (Nevi'im) 2 verses · 40%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
- King James Version: Sun 4×
- American Standard Version: Sun 4×
- Berean Standard Bible: Sun 4×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text: Sun 4×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders H2535 across 6 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 2 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders H2535 across 6 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 2 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders H2535 across 5 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 1 rendering that appears only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 1 further occurrence.
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders H2535 across 6 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 2 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Senses in the full BDB
What do BDB’s symbols mean?
BDB uses these scholarly abbreviations:
| Symbol | Meaning |
|---|---|
| 𝔊 | the Septuagint (the ancient Greek translation, LXX) |
| 𝔙 | the Vulgate (the Latin translation) |
| 𝔖 | the Syriac version (the Peshitta) |
| 𝔗 | the Targum (the Aramaic translation) |
| ψ | the Psalms |
| √ | root (the underlying root or stem) |
| ‖ | parallel passage (a synonymous or contrasted parallel) |
| † | the dagger: every passage where the word occurs is cited |
The 2 senses and sub-senses the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency), with BDB’s own verbatim wording and sub-sense lettering. Shown in Hebrew script with BDB’s own scholarly abbreviations. The condensed entry is in the Lexicon Entry tab. See also the Forms in the corpus table below.
- 1. heat of sun ψ 19:7. e.g. Psalms 19:7
- 2. = sun Jb 30:28; ‖ לְבָנָה moon Is 24:23; 30:26(×2) Ct 6:10. e.g. Job 30:28
Senses from the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon (Brown, Driver, Briggs; Oxford 1906 — public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). Full attribution on Sources.
Word origin
n.f. heat, sun (poet.)—חַמָּה Is 24:23 + 4 times; חַמָּתוֹ ψ 19:7;—
— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.
Derived from חם (châm) (H2525) — hot.
Jastrow Dictionary
A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.
חֲמָה
- to see, v. חמי.
חֵמָה
- 1. heat, anger. Snh. 82ᵇ משיב ח׳ בן וכ׳ he is an allayer of (divine) anger, the son of &c. Num. R. s. 20 נתמלא עליה ח׳ he became angry at her. Lam. R. to I, 6 חֲמָתוֹ של הב"ה the anger of the Lord; a. fr.
- 2. Ḥemah, allegorical name of one of the angels of justice. Ex. R. s. 41, end; a. e., v. אַף II.
חַמָּה
- 1. sun. Ber. 59ᵇ ח׳ בתקופתה the sun starting on his new cycle (of twenty eight years). Num. R. s. 14 י"ב הדשים לח׳ the twelve solar months. Ned. III, 7 רואי הח׳ those seeing (or feeling) the sun; שלא נתכוין … שהח׳ וכ׳ for he meant him whom the sun sees; a. v. fr.—Yeb. VIII, 4, a. fr. סריס ח׳ a eunuch from the time of seeing the sun, i.e. born without visible testicles; opp. to סריס אדם.
- 2. fever. Sabb. 137ᵃ, a. e., v. חָלַץ. Y. Sabb. XIX, end, 17ᵇ, v. אָחַז. Gen. R. s. 19, a. e., v. אַבְאָבִית. Y. Sabb. I, end, 4ᵇ (prov.) פת חמה חַמָּתָהּ בצדה hot bread has its heat by its side, i.e. eating hot bread causes fever; a. fr.
- 3. radish. Ab. Zar. 28ᵇ bot., v. חַמָּא.—V. חַמַּת.
חֲמִי
- (Arab. ḥama tueri) [to surround, guard, v. חוֹמָה,] to observe, see (in Y. dialect). Targ. Y. Gen. I, 4 (O. חזא); a. v. fr.—Targ. Prov. XXIII, 33 Ms. (ed. ויחַוְור׳).—Y. Peah III, 17ᵈ bot. אתא חמי (= תא חזי, h. בא וראה) come and see. Gen. R. s. 14 דאת חָמֵי לאפויי וכ׳ (not דאתח׳) that thou shalt see his face in the hereafter; Midr. Till. to Ps. II; Yalk. ib. 621 חמוי (corr. acc.). Ib. חַמְתֵיה (fr. חמה) he saw him. Pesik. Eth Korb. p. 57ᵇ (v. Bub. note 15) חַמְתִי אכיל חַמְתִי שתי did he (Moses) see me (the Lord) eat &c.?; Yalk. Num. 776 חַמְתֵיה וכ׳ did he see Him &c.?; a. fr.—Part. pass. חֲמֵי (v. חֲזִי) fit, worthy. Targ. Ps. XV, 1. Ib. LVIII, 2 (ed. חֲמִי); a. fr.—Fem. חַמְיָא. Targ. Y. Ex. XXII, 16.
- 1. (followed by (followed by מ־, cmp. סור) to turn (the eye) from. Targ. Prov. XXVIII, 27 (Ar. מהמי, h. text מעלים, v. Syr. המא P. Sm. 1017).
- 2. to cause to see, to show. Targ. Y. Gen. XLI, 28; a. e.—Lam. R. to I, 1 ואַחְמִין ליה וכ׳ and showed him a measure full of denars. Ib. רבתי (חד כות׳ 1) דכל עמא מַחְמִין לי וכ׳ that all people point at me with their fingers.
- same. Y. Kil. IX, 32ᵇ bot.; Y. Keth. XII, 35ᵃ bot. חַמֵּי (לה) לי let me see it (the tooth).
- to be seen, to appear. Targ. Y. Gen. VIII, 5; a. fr.—[Targ. Ps. XLII, 3 אִתַּחֲמֵי Ms. (Ittaf.) I shall appear before (h. text אֵרָאֶה, Var. a. ed. אֶחְמֵי)].—M. Kat. 25ᵇ אִתְחֲמִיאוּ וכ׳ stars were seen in day time. Y. Peah VIII, end, 21ᵇ דחמי ולא מִתְחֲמֵי He who sees but cannot be seen. Lam. R. introd. (R. Joḥ. 1) מִתְחַמְאִין, v. מַשְׁתָּיֵי; a. e.
A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.
Forms in the corpus
The 6 distinct written forms H2535 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that state’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.
| Form | Parsing | Example | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|
| הַֽ/חַמָּ֑ה | Noun, Common, Feminine, Singular, Absolute | Isaiah 24:23 | 1 |
| הַֽ/חַמָּ֔ה | Noun, Common, Feminine, Singular, Absolute | Isaiah 30:26 | 1 |
| הַֽ/חַמָּה֙ | Noun, Common, Feminine, Singular, Absolute | Isaiah 30:26 | 1 |
| חַמָּ֑ה | Noun, Common, Feminine, Singular, Absolute | Job 30:28 | 1 |
| כַּֽ/חַמָּ֔ה | Noun, Common, Feminine, Singular, Absolute | Song of Solomon 6:10 | 1 |
| מֵֽ/חַמָּת/וֹ | Noun, Common, Feminine, Singular, Construct | Psalms 19:6 | 1 |
Same root — word family
Other BDB entries built from the same root as H2535, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derives from
Derived from this word
Proper names from this root
People and places named from this root — a name, not an additional meaning of the word.
Compare all same-root words → Showing 4 of 6 — not the complete family. 3 of the same-root words are proper names (people or places). They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint verse parallels
This word appears in 5 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 5 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.
Read these verses in the Septuagint
This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.
