Luke 20:11

Greek (Tischendorf 8th ed.)

English Translation

He sent yet another servant, and they also beat him, and treated him shamefully, and sent him away empty.

World English Bible · Public Domain

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ἀτιμάσαντες

atimázō

G818

“to dishonour”

Verb, Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Appears 7× in the Greek New Testament
First appears at Mark 12:4

Full Thayer's Definition

Origin: from G820

TDNT: None

1. to dishonour, insult, treat with contempt a. whether in word, deed or thought

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

13: words
12: distinct lemmas
Gospels: section

Notable vocabulary

The rarest word here is ἀτιμάσαντες to dishonour G818 — appearing just 7 times in the whole Greek New Testament.

Shared distinctive vocabulary

ἀτιμάσαντες to dishonour G818 occurs in 7 verses of the Greek New Testament. Also found in:

Repetition

A word recurs within this verse:

καὶ and G2532 ×2

Cross-references

Topical passages linked to Luke 20:11 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

Hosea 10:1 Israel is a luxuriant vine that puts forth his fruit. According to the abundance of his fruit he has multiplied his altars. As their land has prospered, they have adorned their sacred stones.
Matthew 23:30–37 and say, 'If we had lived in the days of our fathers, we wouldn't have been partakers with them in the blood of the prophets.'
Acts 7:52 Which of the prophets didn't your fathers persecute? They killed those who foretold the coming of the Righteous One, of whom you have now become betrayers and murderers.
1 Thessalonians 2:2 but having suffered before and been shamefully treated, as you know, at Philippi, we grew bold in our God to tell you the Gospel of God in much conflict.
Hebrews 11:36–37 Others were tried by mocking and scourging, yes, moreover by bonds and imprisonment.

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Commentary

Notes on Luke 20:11 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Bengel's Gnomon

Johann Albrecht Bengel

Luk 20:11. Προσέθετο πέμψαι) A Hebraism often found in the LXX. Version.

Bengel's Gnomon of the New Testament — English translation (T&T Clark, Edinburgh, 1860) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(11) And sent him away empty.—The emphatic repetition of the words that had been used in the previous verse is peculiar to St. Luke.

A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

11. And again he sent another] Jer_44:4. Literally, “And he added to send another”—a Hebraism, Luk_19:11; Act_12:3; Gen_4:2

entreated him shamefully] There is a gradation in their impious audacity. In St Matthew (Mat_21:35) it is (1) beat, (2) killed, (3) stoned. In St Mark (Luk_12:3-5) it is (1) beat, and sent away empty; (2) wounded in the head, and insulted; (3) killed. And when more servants are sent they beat some and kill some.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Gill's Exposition

Then said the Lord of the vineyard,.... Who planted it, and let it out to husbandmen, and expected fruit from it, and sent his servants from time to time for it:

what shall I do? or what can be done more than has been done? Isa 5:4 who else can be sent that is likely to do any good with such an ungrateful and unfruitful people?

I will send my beloved Son; the Lord Jesus Christ, the Son of God, who lay in his bosom, was the darling of his soul, and the delight of his heart; him he determined to send, and him he did send to the lost sheep of the house of Israel:

it may be they will reverence him, when they see him: it might be thought after the manner of men, that considering the greatness of his person, as the Son of God, the nature of his office, as the Redeemer and Saviour of men, the doctrines which he preached, the miracles which he wrought, and the holiness and harmlessness of his conversation, and the great good he did both to the bodies and souls of men, that he would have been had in great esteem and veneration with the men, to whom he was sent, and among whom he conversed: but, alas! when they saw him, they saw no beauty, comeliness, and excellency in him, and nothing on account of which he should be desired by them.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

unfoldingWord translationNotes

Door43 World Missions Community

beat him

"beat that servant"

treated him shamefully

"humiliated him"

sent him away empty-handed

Having an empty hand is a metaphor for having nothing. AT: "sent him away without paying him" or "sent him away without any grapes" (See: Metaphor)

yet a third

"even a third servant" or "yet another servant." The word "yet" hints at the fact that the landowner should not have had to send the second servant, but he went beyond that and sent a third servant. (See: Ordinal Numbers)

wounded him

"injured that servant"

threw him out

"threw him out of the vineyard"

translationWords

servant

shame

unfoldingWord translationNotes — © Distant Shores Media and the Door43 World Missions Community, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Source: git.door43.org/Door43/en_tn.

Cambridge Greek Testament for Schools and Colleges

11. προσέθετο … πέμψαι. Jer 44:4. Literally “And he added to send another”—a Hebraism, Luk 19:11; Act 12:3; Gen 4:2.

ἀτιμάσαντες. There is a gradation in their impious audacity. In St Matthew (Mat 21:35) it is (1) beat, (2) killed, (3) stoned. In St Mark (Mar 12:3-5) it is (1) beat, and sent away empty; (2) wounded in the head, and insulted; (3) killed. And when more servants are sent they beat some and kill some. There is perhaps a specific allusion to Zachariah (Luk 11:51) and John the Baptist.

Cambridge Greek Testament for Schools and Colleges (Cambridge University Press, 1896; 21 vols, various authors incl. Carr, Maclear, Plummer, Farrar, Lumby, Moule, M. R. James, Simcox) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Alford’s Greek Testament

Henry Alford

11.] προσέθ. π., a Hebraism: see reff. Gen., Hebrew and LXX.

Henry Alford, The Greek Testament (1849–1861) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

International Critical Commentary

11. προσέθετο πέμψαι . A Hebraism: see on 19:11. Whether this is a second messenger sent that same vintage, or the messenger sent at another vintage, is not stated. The important point is that chastisement does not follow upon the first outrage. The husbandmen have several opportunities; and these are brought by different persons. If one messenger’s manner of delivering his message was unpleasing, another’s would be the opposite. But this time they add insult (ἀτιμάσαντες) to violence. Comp. the use of ἀτιμάζειν in Joh 8:49; Act 5:41; Rom 1:24, Rom 1:2:23; Jas 2:6. The verb is freq. in LXX.

International Critical Commentary — older volumes (1896–1929), various authors — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Vincent's Word Studies in the New Testament

Marvin R. Vincent

He sent yet [προσεθετο πεμψαι] . Lit., he added to send. A Hebrew form of expression.

Marvin R. Vincent, Word Studies in the New Testament (1887–1900) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

Luke, in the Gospels, opens this verse with 13 words (12 distinct Greek lemmas). Its most distinctive word is atimázō (“to dishonour”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

The word atimázō carries the sense “to dishonour.” How does it shape the verse?
How does Mark 12:4, which shares the word «to dishonour», read alongside this verse?
What does the repetition of “and” (2× in this one verse) do in this verse?
These translations render this verse differently. What is at stake in choosing one wording over another?
Compare how Bengel's Gnomon and Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers read this verse. Where do they agree or differ?

Things to notice

These translations choose different wording for 10 words in this verse.
“and” occurs 2× in this single verse.
12 distinct Greek lemmas span 13 words in this verse.