1 Kings 4:15

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex)

English Translation

Ahimaaz, in Naphtali (he also took Basemath the daughter of Solomon as wife);

World English Bible · Public Domain

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בָּשְׂמַ֥ת

Bosmath

H1315

“Bashemath”

Noun, Proper

Appears 7× in the Hebrew Bible
First appears at Genesis 26:34

Full BDB Definition

Origin: from H1314 (the second form)

TWOT: fragrance

Bashemath or Basmath = "spice" - Hittite wife of Esau, daughter of Ishmael, sister of Nebaioth - daughter of Solomon, wife of Ahimaaz, one of Solomon's commissariat officers

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

10: words
10: distinct lemmas
Historical: section

Notable vocabulary

The rarest word here is בָּשְׂמַ֥ת Bashemath H1315 — appearing just 7 times in the whole Hebrew Bible.

Shared distinctive vocabulary

בָּשְׂמַ֥ת Bashemath H1315 occurs in 7 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

1 verb
6 nouns
1 pronoun
2 particles

Verb forms

לָקַ֛ח Qal · Perfect

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 13 words from the Hebrew and 14 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 10 Hebrew tokens and 13 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

Topical passages linked to 1 Kings 4:15 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

Joshua 19:32–39 The sixth lot came out for the children of Naphtali, even for the children of Naphtali according to their families.
1 Samuel 18:18 David said to Saul, Who am I, and what is my life, [or] my father's family in Israel, that I should be son-in-law to the king?
2 Samuel 15:27 The king said also to Zadok the priest, "Aren't you a seer? Return into the city in peace, and your two sons with you, Ahimaaz your son, and Jonathan the son of Abiathar.
1 Kings 4:11 Ben Abinadab, in all the height of Dor (he had Taphath the daughter of Solomon as wife);

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew 1 Kings 4:15 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

אֲחִימַ֖עַץ בְּנַפְתָּלִ֑י גַּם ה֗וּא לָקַ֛ח אֶת בָּשְׂמַ֥ת בַּת שְׁלֹמֹ֖ה לְאִשָּֽׁה

Ahimaaz, in Naphtali (he also took Basemath the daughter of Solomon as wife);

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX 1 Kings 4:15 Septuagint · lemma form

αχιμαας ἐν νεφθαλι καί οὗτος λαμβάνω ὁ βασεμμαθ θυγάτηρ σαλωμών εἰς γυνή εἷς

Achimaas was in Nephthalim, and he took Basemmath daughter of Solomon to wife, one.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

Targum Jonathan Prophets (Joshua–Malachi)

אֲחִימַעַץ בְּשִׁבְטָא דְבֵית נַפְתָּלִי אַף הוּא נְסִיב יַת בָּשְׂמַת בַּת שְׁלֹמֹה לְאִתּוּ:

(no public-domain English translation for this verse)

Targum Jonathan — Aramaic: “Mikraot Gedolot” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “London "Chaldee Paraphrase," 1871” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on 1 Kings 4:15 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Trapp's Complete Commentary

John Trapp

1Ki 4:15 Ahimaaz [was] in Naphtali; he also took Basmath the daughter of Solomon to wife:

Ver. 15. He also took Basmath.] See on 1Ki 4:11.

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(15) The eighth division is the upper valley of the Jordan, south of Mount Hermon, including part of the north-west coast of the sea of Gennesareth and the water of Merom. In it lie Hazor, forming the centre of the native confederacy of the north, and the Levitical city of refuge, Kedesh-Naphtali (Jos_12:22; Jos_19:37; Jdg_4:6).

A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

15. Ahimaaz] As no father’s name is mentioned we may perhaps conclude that the well-known son of Zadok the priest is meant, who comes into historic notice at the time when David was fleeing before Absalom (2Sa_15:27). His close connexion with the royal family would be likely to secure for him, if he sought it, a daughter of the king as his wife.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Gill's Exposition

Jehoshaphat the son of Paruah in Issachar. In the tribe of Issachar; he had the whole tribe at his command to make a monthly provision out of for the king once a year, as had the preceding officer and the following one.

Jehoshaphat the son of Paruah in Issachar. In the tribe of Issachar; he had the whole tribe at his command to make a monthly provision out of for the king once a year, as had the preceding officer and the following one.

1 Kings 4:18

kg1 4:18

kg1 4:18

kg1 4:18Shimei the son of Elah in Benjamin. So described, to distinguish him from that Shimei that cursed David, who was of the same tribe; See Gill on Sa2 16:5.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

Daniel D. Whedon

15. Naphtali — For notice of the territory of this tribe, see at Jos_19:32-39.

Daniel D. Whedon (gen. ed.), Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1874–1909) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Pulpit Commentary

Ahimaaz probably the son of Zadok, 2Sa_15:27 2Sa_17:17 was in Naphtali; he also like Ben-Abinadab, ver. 11 took Basmath the daughter of Solomon to wife.

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

unfoldingWord translationNotes

Door43 World Missions Community

General Information:

The list of Solomon's officials and the areas of which they were in charge continues.

Ahimaaz ... Baana ... Hushai ... Jehoshaphat ... Paruah

men's names (See: How to Translate Names)

in Naphtali ... in Asher ... in Issachar

"who was the officer in charge of Naphtali ... who was the officer in charge of Asher ... who was the officer in charge of Issachar"

Basemath

a woman's name (See: How to Translate Names)

Naphtali ... Asher ... Issachar

tribal lands named after the sons of Israel (See: How to Translate Names)

Bealoth

name of a piece of land (See: How to Translate Names)

translationWords

Naphtali

son

Asher

Jehoshaphat

Issachar

unfoldingWord translationNotes — © Distant Shores Media and the Door43 World Missions Community, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Source: git.door43.org/Door43/en_tn.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

1 Kings, in the Historical, opens this verse with 10 words (10 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is Bosmath (“Bashemath”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

What does “Bashemath” (Bosmath) contribute to the verse as a whole?
How does Genesis 26:34, which shares the word «Bashemath», read alongside this verse?
These translations render this verse differently; the difference is in the English rendering, not the original. What questions does that raise?
«לָקַ֛ח» is a Qal Perfect verb. How does that grammatical form shape the action described?
Compare how Trapp's Complete Commentary and Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers read this verse. Where do they agree or differ?

Things to notice

This verse counts 10 Hebrew ↔ 13 Greek words.
These translations choose different wording for 2 words in this verse.
10 distinct Hebrew lemmas span 10 words in this verse.