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1 Chronicles 5:12

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex) 1 Chronicles 5:12 appears in the Hebrew Old Testament. The text above is from the Westminster Leningrad Codex. Each word links to its Strong’s number, a concise gloss, and parsing drawn from the Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible morphology. Click any word for its full Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB) entry.
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Cite this verse

1 Chronicles 5:12 (World English Bible). Public Domain. Lemma interlinear Bible study tool, https://lemma.gebible.app/v/1-chronicles/5/12.

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English Translation
Joel the chief, and Shapham the second, and Janai, and Shaphat in Bashan.
World English Bible · Public Domain
Highlights
  • 2 hapax legomena — only here in the Hebrew Bible
  • 2 first appearances in the Hebrew Bible
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Compare translations 3

The same verse in 3 English versions, stacked beneath the original-language interlinear above. Click any original word for its lexicon entry.

Each is an independent rendering of the whole verse — the interlinear is not word-aligned to these translations.

Highlighted words mark where these versions differ — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    Joel the chief, and Shapham the second, and Janai, and Shaphat in Bashan.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    Joel the chief, and Shapham the next, and Jaanai, and Shaphat in Bashan.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    Joel, the head, and Shapham, the second, and Janai and Shaphat in Bashan.

unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult).

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Show all 18 translations

Every available English version of this verse, each an independent rendering of the whole verse.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    Joel the chief, and Shapham the second, and Janai, and Shaphat in Bashan.
  • Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
    Joel was the chief, Shapham the second, then Jaanai and Shaphat, who lived in Bashan.
  • Majority Standard Bible Public Domain
    Joel was the chief, Shapham the second, then Jaanai and Shaphat, who lived in Bashan.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    Joel the chief, and Shapham the next, and Jaanai, and Shaphat in Bashan.
  • American Standard Version (1901) Public Domain
    Joel the chief, and Shapham the second, and Janai, and Shaphat in Bashan.
  • Revised Version (1885) Public Domain
    Joel the chief, and Shapham the second, and Janai, and Shaphat in Bashan:
  • Geneva Bible (1599) Public Domain
    Ioel was the chiefest, and Shapham the second, but Iaanai and Shaphat were in Bashan.
  • Douay-Rheims (1899) Public Domain
    Johel the chief, and Saphan the second: and Janai, and Saphat in Basan.
  • Young's Literal Translation Public Domain
    Joel the head, and Shapham the second, and Jaanai and Shaphat in Bashan;
  • Literal Standard Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    Joel the head, and Shapham the second, and Jaanai and Shaphat in Bashan;
  • Unlocked Literal Bible CC BY-SA 4.0
    Joel was their leader; Shapham was second; and Janai and Shaphat in Bashan.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    Joel, the head, and Shapham, the second, and Janai and Shaphat in Bashan.
  • Darby Bible Public Domain
    Joel was the chief and Shapham the next, and Jaanai, and Shaphat in Bashan.
  • World Messianic Bible Public Domain
    Joel the chief, Shapham the second, Janai, and Shaphat in Bashan.
  • Webster's Bible Public Domain
    Joel the chief, and Shapham the next, and Jaanai, and Shaphat in Bashan.
  • Free Bible Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    Joel (chief), Shapham (second), and Janai and Shaphat, in Bashan.
  • Bible in Basic English Public Domain
    Joel the chief, and Shapham the second, and Janai and Shaphat in Bashan;
  • JPS Tanakh (1917) Public Domain
    Joel the chief, and Shapham the second, and Janai, and Shaphat in Bashan;

Literal Standard Version (2020), Covenant Press — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). Unlocked Literal Bible (unfoldingWord) — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult). Free Bible Version, Dr. Jonathan Gallagher — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org).

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About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

7
words
7
distinct lemmas
Historical
section

Notable vocabulary

2 hapax legomena — words that appear only here in the entire Hebrew Bible:

  • וְשָׁפָ֖ם Shapham H8223
  • וְיַעְנַ֥י Jaanai H3285

First appearance in Scripture

These words make their first canonical appearance in the Hebrew Bible here:

  • וְשָׁפָ֖ם Shapham H8223
  • וְיַעְנַ֥י Jaanai H3285

Shared distinctive vocabulary

וְשָׁפָ֖ט Shaphat H8202 occurs in 8 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

  • 7 nouns

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 13 words from the Hebrew and 13 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — the same length.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 7 Hebrew tokens and 13 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

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Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew 1 Chronicles 5:12 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

יוֹאֵ֣ל הָרֹ֔אשׁ וְשָׁפָ֖ם הַמִּשְׁנֶ֑ה וְיַעְנַ֥י וְשָׁפָ֖ט בַּבָּשָֽׁן

Joel the chief, and Shapham the second, and Janai, and Shaphat in Bashan.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX 1 Chronicles 5:12 Septuagint · lemma form

ιωηλ ὁ πρωτότοκος καί σαφαμ ὁ δεύτερος καί ιανι ὁ γραμματεύς ἐν βασαν

Joel the firstborn, and Sapham the second, and Janin the scribe in Basan.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

On this verse, The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges discusses the Septuagint’s reading. Read the note in Commentary ↓

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Commentary

Notes on 1 Chronicles 5:12 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Trapp's Complete Commentary

John Trapp

1Ch 5:12 Joel the chief, and Shapham the next, and Jaanai, and Shaphat in Bashan.

Ver. 12. And Jaanai and Shaphat in Bashan.] Or, Abode in Bashan to defend their country, while their brethren were warring abroad. {a}

{a} Jun.

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Joseph Benson's Commentary

1Ch 5:12. Joel the chief — The prince of the tribe, or, at least, of the family, when they were numbered, namely, in the days of Jotham, 1Ch 5:17. In Bashan — That is, either who dwelt in the city of Bashan, or who abode in Bashan to defend the city and country, when their brethren went out to war against the Hagarenes, 1Ch 5:19.

Joseph Benson's Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1811–1818) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Adam Clarke's Commentary

Verse 12. Joel the chief] "Joel, prince of the Sanhedrin; and Shapham, master of the college; and Jaanai and Shaphat, judges in Mathnan." - T.

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible (1810–1826) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

12. the next] R.V. the second. Cp. 2Ki_25:18.

and Jaanai, and Shaphat] LXX, καὶ Ἰανεὶν ὁ γραμματεύς, “and Janin the scribe”; Targ., “and Janai the judge.”

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Gill's Exposition

And their brethren of the house of their fathers,.... Who were also men of eminence and note in them:

were, Michael, and Meshullam, and Shebai, and Jorai, and Jachan, and Zia, and Heber, seven; so they are as here mentioned by name.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary

Chief, (in capite.) Septuagint, "first-born." (Haydock) --- This list was made under Joathan, king of Juda, when Joel was at the head of the tribe of Gad. (Calmet) --- Basan, the capital city, ver. 16. (Sa) (Menochius)

George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), Haydock's Catholic Family Bible and Commentary, 1859 edition — public domain. Excludes Psalms (Douay-Rheims chapter numbering differs from Protestant) and Deuterocanonical books (Catholic canon only).

Matthew Poole's English Annotations

The chief; the prince of the tribe, or at least of his family, when they were numbered, to wit, in the days of Jotham, 1Ch 5:17.

Shaphat in Bashan, i.e. who dwelt in the city of Bashan. Others thus, Who abode in Bashan to defend the city and country, when their brethren went out to war against the Hagarites, 1Ch 5:18,19.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

The Pulpit Commentary

The four proper names in this verse are not known in connection with the same persons elsewhere. The Septuagint translates Shaphat as "the scribe," applying the description to the foregoing Jaanai.

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Keil & Delitzsch

C. F. Keil & F. Delitzsch

And their brethren of the house of their fathers,.... Who were also men of eminence and note in them:

were, Michael, and Meshullam, and Shebai, and Jorai, and Jachan, and Zia, and Heber, seven; so they are as here mentioned by name.

Keil & Delitzsch — Biblical Commentary on the Old Testament (1861–1891) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API. (Old Testament only.)

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

1 Chronicles, in the Historical, opens this verse with 7 words (7 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is Shâphâm (“Shapham”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

  1. What does “Shapham” (Shâphâm) contribute to the verse as a whole?
  2. 2 words here appear nowhere else in the Hebrew Bible. Why might the author reach for such rare wording?
  3. 2 words make their first appearance in Scripture here. What does this debut establish?
  4. How does Numbers 13:5, which shares the word «Shaphat», read alongside this verse?
  5. These translations render this verse differently. What is at stake in choosing one wording over another?
  6. Compare how Trapp's Complete Commentary and Joseph Benson's Commentary read this verse. Where do they agree or differ?

Things to notice

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Old Testament
Old Testament edition

Read the OT as the Masoretic Hebrew (MT) or the Greek Septuagint (LXX).

English shown for the Greek Septuagint (in the Hebrew ↔ Greek comparison).

Comparing translations? Open the Compare panel on any verse page to stack up to four side by side.