1 Chronicles 19:8

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex)

English Translation

When David heard of it, he sent Joab, and all the host of the mighty men.

World English Bible · Public Domain

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Word by word

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יוֹאָ֔ב

Yôwʼâb

H3097

“Joab”

Noun, Proper

Appears 145× in the Hebrew Bible
First appears at 1 Samuel 26:6

Full BDB Definition

Origin: from H3068 and H1

TWOT: None

Joab = "Jehovah is father" - son of David's sister Zeruiah and general of David's army - a Judaite descendant of Kenaz - a post exilic family

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

9: words
8: distinct lemmas
Historical: section

Grammatical profile

2 verbs
4 nouns
1 adjective
2 particles

Verb forms

וַיִּשְׁמַ֖ע Qal · Sequential Imperfect
וַיִּשְׁלַח֙ Qal · Sequential Imperfect

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 16 words from the Hebrew and 13 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 9 Hebrew tokens and 13 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

Topical passages linked to 1 Chronicles 19:8 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

2 Samuel 23:8–39 These are the names of the mighty men whom David had: Josheb Basshebeth a Tahchemonite, chief of the captains; the same was Adino the Eznite, against eight hundred slain at one time.
1 Chronicles 11:6 David said, Whoever strikes the Jebusites first shall be chief and captain. Joab the son of Zeruiah went up first, and was made chief.
1 Chronicles 11:10–47 Now these are the chief of the mighty men whom David had, who shown themselves strong with him in his kingdom, together with all Israel, to make him king, according to the word of Yahweh concerning Israel.

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew 1 Chronicles 19:8 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

וַיִּשְׁמַ֖ע דָּוִ֑יד וַיִּשְׁלַח֙ אֶת יוֹאָ֔ב וְאֵ֥ת כָּל צָבָ֖א הַגִּבּוֹרִֽים

When David heard of it, he sent Joab, and all the host of the mighty men.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX 1 Chronicles 19:8 Septuagint · lemma form

καί ἀκούω δαυίδ καί ἀποστέλλω ὁ ιωαβ καί πᾶς ὁ στρατιά ὁ δυνατός

And David heard, and sent Joab and all the host of mighty men.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Commentary

Notes on 1 Chronicles 19:8 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown

David . . . sent Joab, and all the host of the mighty men--All the forces of Israel, including the great military orders, were engaged in this war.

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown — Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(8) All the host of the mighty men.—So the Hebrew text. The Hebrew margin and Samuel read “all the host,” viz., the mighty men. The “mighty men” (gibbôrîm) were a special corps. (Comp. 1Sa_23:13; 1Sa_27:8; 2Sa_2:3; 2Sa_16:6; 1Ki_1:8.) Either, then, the term has a general sense here, or we must read, “and the mighty men.”

A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

8. David … sent Joab] Why in such a crisis did he not go himself? Perhaps because he could watch the gathering of the more serious storm described in 1Ch_19:16-19 better from Jerusalem.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

unfoldingWord translationNotes

Door43 World Missions Community

heard of it

"heard that the Ammonites were coming out for war"

to meet them

"to fight against them"

at the city gate

this refers to the gate of the Ammonite capital city

the kings who had come

this refers to the Aramean kings that the Ammonites hired to help them fight Israel

by themselves in the field

in the field outside the city, separate from the Ammonites

translationWords

Joab

gate

king

unfoldingWord translationNotes — © Distant Shores Media and the Door43 World Missions Community, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Source: git.door43.org/Door43/en_tn.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

1 Chronicles, in the Historical, opens this verse with 9 words (8 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is Yôwʼâb (“Joab”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

What does “Joab” (Yôwʼâb) contribute to the verse as a whole?
How does 2 Samuel 23:8–39, which shares this passage’s theme, read alongside this verse?
The translations on this page render this verse differently — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment. What might account for the different wordings?
«וַיִּשְׁמַ֖ע» is a Qal Sequential Imperfect verb. How does that grammatical form shape the action described?
Compare how Jamieson, Fausset & Brown and Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers read this verse. Where do they agree or differ?

Things to notice

This verse counts 9 Hebrew ↔ 13 Greek words.
These translations choose different wording for 6 words in this verse.
8 distinct Hebrew lemmas span 9 words in this verse.