שָׂטַם
to hate
also: oppose oneself to, bear a grudge, retain animosity against fuller range ↓
Full lexicon entry — Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
From Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
Where this word appears
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Verb
- An action or state-of-being word.
Stem
- Qal
- The basic, simple active stem — the plain form of the verb (“he wrote”).
Form
- Sequential Imperfect
- An imperfect with prefixed waw — the standard past-narrative form (waw-consecutive imperfect).
- Imperfect
- An incomplete, ongoing, or future action (“he will / would write”).
Person
- 3rd Person
- The one spoken about (“he / she / it / they”).
- 2nd Person
- The one addressed (“you”).
Gender
- Masculine
- Grammatically masculine.
Number
- Plural
- More than one (in Hebrew, generally three or more).
- Singular
- One.
Grammatical forms
- Verb, Qal, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular 2 times (33%)
- Verb, Qal, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Plural 1 time (17%)
- Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 2nd Person, Masculine, Singular 1 time (17%)
- Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Plural 1 time (17%)
- Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular 1 time (17%)
Parsed forms decoded from the imported morphology (morphhb / Westminster Leningrad Codex — WLC text public domain, morphhb tagging CC BY 4.0), counted across 6 parsed occurrences — not distinct verses.
Every verse where H7852 appears — 6 distinct verses across 3 books. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Hebrew form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Hebrew Bible; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences are not indexed here.
Genesis 3 verses
- Genesis 27:41 וַ/יִּשְׂטֹ֤ם conj + Qal wimpf 3ms Esau hated Jacob because of the blessing with which his father blessed him. Esau said in his heart, "The days of mourning for my father are at hand. Then I will kill my brother Jacob."
- Genesis 49:23 וַֽ/יִּשְׂטְמֻ֖/הוּ conj + Qal wimpf 3mp + sfx pers 3ms The archers have sorely grieved him, Shot at him, and persecute him:
- Genesis 50:15 יִשְׂטְמֵ֖/נוּ Qal impf 3ms + sfx pers 1cp When Joseph's brothers saw that their father was dead, they said, "It may be that Joseph will hate us, and will fully pay us back for all of the evil which we did to him.
Job 2 verses
- Job 16:9 וַֽ/יִּשְׂטְמֵ֗/נִי conj + Qal wimpf 3ms + sfx pers 1cs He has torn me in his wrath, and persecuted me; He has gnashed on me with his teeth: My adversary sharpens his eyes on me.
- Job 30:21 תִשְׂטְמֵֽ/נִי Qal impf 2ms + sfx pers 1cs You have turned to be cruel to me. With the might of your hand you persecute me.
Psalms 1 verse
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
The Hebrew verb שטם centers on the idea of “to hate.” Genesis dominates its distribution — 3 of 6 verses. The Hebrew Bible uses it across 6 verses — uncommon. First canonically at Genesis 27:41, it enters the text early. Lexicons map it across 2 senses — beyond “to hate” it also covers “oppose oneself to”, “bear a grudge”, and “retain animosity against”. Dig into 6-verse concordance and the renderings breakdown below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's H7852 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 6
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 6 distinct verses.
- 3 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 3 of 39 Old Testament books.
- #3,040
- by frequency
- Top 5000 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 3,040 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).
View all 6 occurrences in the concordance →
By section of the Old Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 6 distinct verses.
- Torah (Pentateuch) 3 verses · 50%
- Writings (Ketuvim) 3 verses · 50%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
- King James Version: Hate us 1×, Hated 1×, Hated him 1×
- American Standard Version: Anger they persecute me 1×, Hated 1×, Him 1×
- Berean Standard Bible: Bears a grudge 1×, Held a grudge 1×, Hostility 1×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text: Harass him 1×, Hated 1×, Hates us 1×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders H7852 across 6 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders H7852 across 6 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders H7852 across 6 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders H7852 across 7 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Senses in BDB
The 2 senses BDB distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency or importance). The full entry — with sub-senses — is in the Lexicon Entry tab.
- to hate, oppose oneself to, bear a grudge, retain animosity against, cherish animosity against
- (Qal) to cherish animosity against
Word origin
[ שָׂטַם ] vb. bear a grudge, cherish animosity, against
— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.
Origin: a primitive root
Jastrow Dictionary
A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.
שָׂטַם
- (b. h; cmp. טמם) to lie in wait for; to bear a grudge against, persecute. Gen. R. s. 67, v. סִנְטֵר. Y. Ab. Zar. I, 39ᶜ (expl. ריש̇ט̇ם̇, Gen. XXVII, 41) ש̇נאה ט̇מ̇ונה hidden hatred. Pesik. R. s. 13 יוסף … יַיִּשְׂטְמוּהוּ והיו … ששוֹטְמָם וכ׳ his brothers sinned against Joseph, ‘and they persecuted him’ (Gen. XLIX, 23), and his brothers thought that he would persecute them as they did him; אבל עשו כששְׂטָמוֹ ליעקב וכ׳ but when Esau persecuted Jacob &c.; a. e. e.g. Genesis 27:41
- to be hated, persecuted. Num. R. s. 145 זה נ׳ וזה נ׳ this one (Jacob) was hated (Gen. XXVII, 41), and that one (Joseph) was hated (ib. XLIX, 23). e.g. Genesis 27:41
שְׂטַם
- Targ. Y. Gen. XXVII, 41 Levita.
A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.
Forms in the corpus
The 6 distinct written forms H7852 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that stem’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.
| Form | Parsing | Example | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|
| וַ/יִּשְׂטֹ֤ם | Verb, Qal, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular | Genesis 27:41 | 1 |
| וַֽ/יִּשְׂטְמֵ֗/נִי | Verb, Qal, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular | Job 16:9 | 1 |
| וַֽ/יִּשְׂטְמֻ֖/הוּ | Verb, Qal, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Plural | Genesis 49:23 | 1 |
| יִשְׂטְמֵ֖/נוּ | Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular | Genesis 50:15 | 1 |
| יִשְׂטְמֽוּ/נִי | Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Plural | Psalms 55:3 | 1 |
| תִשְׂטְמֵֽ/נִי | Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 2nd Person, Masculine, Singular | Job 30:21 | 1 |
Septuagint verse parallels
This word appears in 6 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 6 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.
Read these verses in the Septuagint
This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.
