יָחֵף
barefoot
‘barefoot’ is one of 2 main senses fuller range ↓
Full lexicon entry — Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
From Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
Where this word appears
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Adjective
- A word that describes or qualifies a noun.
State
- Absolute
- The independent form of a noun, not bound to a following word.
Gender
- Masculine
- Grammatically masculine.
Number
- Singular
- One.
Every verse where H3182 appears in the Book of 2 Samuel — 1 distinct verse. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Hebrew form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Hebrew Bible; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences are not indexed here.
2 Samuel
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
The Hebrew adjective יחף centers on the idea of “barefoot.” It occurs a mere 5 verses across Scripture. The word gravitates to Isaiah (60%), then 2 Samuel and Jeremiah. First canonically at 2 Samuel 15:30, it enters the text early. Lexicons map it across 2 senses. For the data behind this summary, explore the sense tree and the renderings breakdown below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's H3182 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 5
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 5 distinct verses.
- 3 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 3 of 39 Old Testament books.
- #3,337
- by frequency
- Top 5000 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 3,337 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).
View all 5 occurrences in the concordance →
By section of the Old Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 5 distinct verses.
- Prophets (Nevi'im) 5 verses · 100%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
- King James Version: Barefoot 4×
- American Standard Version: Barefoot 4×
- Berean Standard Bible: Barefoot 4×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text: Barefoot 4×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders H3182 across 5 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 1 rendering that appears only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders H3182 across 5 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 1 rendering that appears only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders H3182 across 5 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 1 rendering that appears only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders H3182 across 6 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 2 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Senses in BDB
The 2 senses BDB distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency or importance). The full entry — with sub-senses — is in the Lexicon Entry tab.
- barefoot
- bareness, being unshod (substantive)
Word origin
adj. barefoot, always abs. יָחֵף Is 20:2 + 4 times;—הלך עָרוֹם וְיָחֵף Is 20:2 (נַעַלְךָ תַחֲלֹץ מֵעַל רַגְלֶ֑ךָ in preceding cl.), v 3; הֹלֵךְ יָחֵף 2 S 15:30; נָהַג יָחֵף Is 20:4; appar. = subst., מִנְעִי רַגְלֵךְ מִיָּחֵף Je 2:25 withhold thy foot from bareness (Syriac ܝܽܘܚܳܦܳܐ discalceatio).
— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.
Origin: from an unused root meaning to take off the shoes
Jastrow Dictionary
A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.
יָחֵף I
- v. חָפַף II) rubbed off, bare, esp. bare-footed, foot-sore. Y. Snh. X, 28ᵇ bot (expl. אט I Kings XXI, 27) היה מהלך י׳ he walked bare-footed (in penance); Cant. R. to I, 5.—Yoma 77ᵃ (ref. to II Sam. XV, 30) י׳ ממאי וכ׳ ‘bare’ of what?—Does it not mean bare of sandals?; v. מְטַרְקָא.—Sabb. 114ᵃ (ref. to Is. XX, 3) י׳ במנעלים וכ׳ ‘bare’ means in patched shoes; a. fr.—Pl. יְחֵפִים, יְחֵפִין, יְחֵי׳. Num. R. s. 5; a. fr.—Fem. יְחֵפָה, יְחֵי׳. Ruth. R. to I, 19; a. e.—Pl. יְחֵיפוֹת. Yalk. Ruth 601 (Ruth R. to I, 7 ביַיחַף); a. e. e.g. 1 Kings 21:27
יָחֵף
- Targ. II Sam. XV, 30. Targ. Is. XX, 2, sq.—Pl. יְחֵיפִין. Ib. 4.
יָחֵף II
- (preced. wds.) to be bare.—Hithpa. הִתְיַיחֵף, Nithpa. נִתְיַי׳ to be exposed, to take cold. Lam. R. introd. (R. Joh. 2) כדי שלא יִתְיַיחֲפוּ רגליהם that their feet might not be exposed (that they might not take cold); אע"פ כן נִתְיַיחֲפוּ וכ׳ and yet they did take cold. Ib. to I, 16.
יְחֵף
- , to be rubbed, sore, worn out. Targ. O. Deut. VIII, 4.
- , part. pass. מְיַחַף sore. Targ. Y. ib.
יַחַף
- (preced. wds.)
- 1. barefootedness. Ruth R. to I, 7, v. יָחֵף I. Yalk. Jer. 266, v. יִחוּף.
- 2. footsoreness. Makhsh. III, 8 בשעת הי׳ והדיש in the season of footsores (of animals) or of threshing (when moistening the animal’s foot is welcome to the owner); Var. lect. האף, v. אַף II.
A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.
Forms in the corpus
The 4 distinct written forms H3182 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that state’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.
| Form | Parsing | Example | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|
| וְ/יָחֵ֑ף | Adjective, Adjective, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Isaiah 20:3 | 2 |
| וְ/יָחֵֽף | Adjective, Adjective, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Isaiah 20:2 | 1 |
| יָחֵ֑ף | Adjective, Adjective, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | 2 Samuel 15:30 | 1 |
| מִ/יָּחֵ֔ף | Adjective, Adjective, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Jeremiah 2:25 | 1 |
Septuagint verse parallels
This word appears in 5 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 5 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.
Read these verses in the Septuagint
This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.
