Luke 9:58

Greek (Tischendorf 8th ed.) Luke 9:58 appears in the Greek New Testament. The text above is from the Tischendorf 8th edition. Each word links to its Strong’s number and a concise gloss. Click any word for its full Thayer’s Greek Lexicon entry.
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Luke 9:58 (World English Bible). Public Domain. Lemma interlinear Bible study tool, https://lemma.gebible.app/v/luke/9/58.

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English Translation
Jesus said to him, "The foxes have holes, and the birds of the sky have nests, but the Son of Man has no place to lay his head."
World English Bible · Public Domain
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Compare translations 3

The same verse in 3 English versions, stacked beneath the original-language interlinear above. Click any original word for its lexicon entry.

Each is an independent rendering of the whole verse — the interlinear is not word-aligned to these translations.

Highlighted words mark where these versions differ — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    Jesus said to him, "The foxes have holes, and the birds of the sky have nests, but the Son of Man has no place to lay his head."
  • King James Version Public Domain
    And Jesus said unto him, Foxes have holes, and birds of the air have nests; but the Son of man hath not where to lay his head.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    And Jesus said to him, “The foxes have dens, and the birds of the sky, nests, but the Son of Man does not have where he might lay his head.”

unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult).

Versions to compare (up to 4)

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Show all 19 translations

Every available English version of this verse, each an independent rendering of the whole verse.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    Jesus said to him, "The foxes have holes, and the birds of the sky have nests, but the Son of Man has no place to lay his head."
  • Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
    Jesus replied, “Foxes have dens and birds of the air have nests, but the Son of Man has no place to lay His head.”
  • Majority Standard Bible Public Domain
    Jesus replied, “Foxes have dens and birds of the air have nests, but the Son of Man has no place to lay His head.”
  • King James Version Public Domain
    And Jesus said unto him, Foxes have holes, and birds of the air have nests; but the Son of man hath not where to lay his head.
  • American Standard Version (1901) Public Domain
    And Jesus said unto him, The foxes have holes, and the birds of the heaven `have' nests; but the Son of man hath not where to lay his head.
  • Revised Version (1885) Public Domain
    And Jesus said unto him, The foxes have holes, and the birds of the heaven have nests; but the Son of man hath not where to lay his head.
  • Geneva Bible (1599) Public Domain
    And Iesus saide vnto him, The foxes haue holes, and the birdes of the heauen nestes, but the Sonne of man hath not whereon to lay his head.
  • Douay-Rheims (1899) Public Domain
    Jesus said to him: The foxes have holes, and the birds of the air nests; but the Son of man hath not where to lay his head.
  • Young's Literal Translation Public Domain
    and Jesus said to him, `The foxes have holes, and the fowls of the heaven places of rest, but the Son of Man hath not where he may recline the head.'
  • Literal Standard Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    and Jesus said to him, “The foxes have holes, and the birds of the sky places of rest, but the Son of Man has nowhere He may recline the head.”
  • Unlocked Literal Bible CC BY-SA 4.0
    Jesus said to him, “Foxes have holes, and birds in the sky have nests, but the Son of Man has nowhere to lay his head.”
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    And Jesus said to him, “The foxes have dens, and the birds of the sky, nests, but the Son of Man does not have where he might lay his head.”
  • Darby Bible Public Domain
    And Jesus said to him, The foxes have holes and the birds of the heaven roosting-places, but the Son of man has not where he may lay his head.
  • World Messianic Bible Public Domain
    Yeshua said to him, “The foxes have holes and the birds of the sky have nests, but the Son of Man has no place to lay his head.”
  • Webster's Bible Public Domain
    And Jesus said to him, Foxes have holes, and birds of the air have nests; but the Son of man hath not where to lay his head.
  • Free Bible Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    Jesus told the man, “Foxes have their dens, and wild birds have their nests, but the Son of man doesn't even have a place to rest his head.”
  • Bible in Basic English Public Domain
    And Jesus said to him, Foxes have holes and the birds of the air have resting-places, but the Son of man has nowhere to put his head.
  • Text-Critical English NT CC BY 4.0
    Jesus said to him, “Foxes have holes, and the birds of the sky have nests, but the Son of Man has nowhere to lay his head.”
  • Tyndale New Testament (1534) Public Domain
    Iesus sayd vnto him: foxes have holes and bryddes of the ayer have nestes: but the sonne of man hath not where on to laye his heed.

Literal Standard Version (2020), Covenant Press — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). Unlocked Literal Bible (unfoldingWord) — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult). Free Bible Version, Dr. Jonathan Gallagher — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org).

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φωλεοὺς
phōleós
G5454
“burrow”
Noun, Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Part of Speech
Noun
Case
Accusative
Number
Plural
Gender
Masculine
Full Thayer's Definition

Origin: of uncertain derivative

TDNT: None

1. a lurking hole, a burrow 2. a lair
  1. καὶ kaí G2532 “and” Conjunction
  2. εἶπεν légō G3004 “to say” Verb, Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd person, Singular
  3. αὐτῷ autós G846 “he” Personal pronoun, Dative, Singular, Masculine
  4. ὁ ho G3588 “the” Article, Nominative, Singular, Masculine
  5. Ἰησοῦς Iēsoûs G2424 “Jesus” Noun, Nominative, Singular, Masculine
  6. αἱ ho G3588 “the” Article, Nominative, Plural, Feminine
  7. ἀλώπεκες alṓpēx G258 “fox” Noun, Nominative, Plural, Feminine
  8. ἔχουσιν échō G2192 “to have” Verb, Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd person, Plural
  9. καὶ kaí G2532 “and” Conjunction
  10. τὰ ho G3588 “the” Article, Nominative, Plural, Neuter
  11. πετεινὰ peteinón G4071 “winged” Noun, Nominative, Plural, Neuter
  12. τοῦ ho G3588 “the” Article, Genitive, Singular, Masculine
  13. οὐρανοῦ ouranós G3772 “heaven” Noun, Genitive, Singular, Masculine
  14. κατασκηνώσεις kataskḗnōsis G2682 “encampment” Noun, Accusative, Plural, Feminine
  15. ὁ ho G3588 “the” Article, Nominative, Singular, Masculine
  16. δὲ dé G1161 “but” Conjunction
  17. υἱὸς huiós G5207 “son” Noun, Nominative, Singular, Masculine
  18. τοῦ ho G3588 “the” Article, Genitive, Singular, Masculine
  19. ἀνθρώπου ánthrōpos G444 “human being” Noun, Genitive, Singular, Masculine
  20. οὐκ ou G3756 “not” Particle, Negative
  21. ἔχει échō G2192 “to have” Verb, Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd person, Singular
  22. ποῦ poû G4226 “somewhere” Particle, Interrogative
  23. τὴν ho G3588 “the” Article, Accusative, Singular, Feminine
  24. κεφαλὴν kephalḗ G2776 “head” Noun, Accusative, Singular, Feminine
  25. κλίνῃ klínō G2827 “to recline” Verb, Present, Active, Subjunctive, 3rd person, Singular

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

26
words
18
distinct lemmas
Gospels
section

Notable vocabulary

The rarest word here is φωλεοὺς burrow G5454 — appearing just 2 times in the whole Greek New Testament.

Shared distinctive vocabulary

φωλεοὺς burrow G5454 occurs in 2 verses of the Greek New Testament. Also found in:

Repetition

Words recur within this verse:

  • ἔχουσιν to have G2192 ×2
  • ὁ the G3588 ×7
  • καὶ and G2532 ×2

Cross-references

7

Topical passages linked to Luke 9:58 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

  • Matthew 8:20 Jesus said to him, "The foxes have holes, and the birds of the sky have nests, but the Son of Man has nowhere to lay his head."
  • Luke 14:26–33 "If anyone comes to me, and doesn't hate his own father, mother, wife, children, brothers, and sisters, yes, and his own life also, he can't be my disciple.
  • 2 Corinthians 8:9 For you know the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ, that, though he was rich, yet for your sakes he became poor, that you through his poverty might become rich.
  • Luke 18:22–23 When Jesus heard these things, he said to him, "You still lack one thing. Sell all that you have, and distribute it to the poor. You will have treasure in heaven. Come, follow me."
  • Psalms 84:3 Yes, the sparrow has found a home, And the swallow a nest for herself, where she may have her young, Near your altars, Yahweh of Hosts, my King, and my God.
  • John 6:60–66 Therefore many of his disciples, when they heard this, said, "This is a hard saying! Who can listen to it?"
  • James 2:5 Listen, my beloved brothers. Didn't God choose those who are poor in this world to be rich in faith, and heirs of the Kingdom which he promised to those who love him?

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Commentary

Notes on Luke 9:58 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Tyndale Open Study Notes

Tyndale Open Resources

9:58 no place even to lay his head: Any disciple of Jesus must be ready to go anywhere and to give up home and security.

Tyndale Open Study Notes — © Tyndale Open Resources, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Bengel's Gnomon

Johann Albrecht Bengel

Luk 9:58. Οὐκ ἔχει, hath not) In Luk 9:53; Luk 9:56 an example occurs.

Bengel's Gnomon of the New Testament — English translation (T&T Clark, Edinburgh, 1860) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Expositor's Greek Testament

ed. W. Robertson Nicoll

Luk 9:58 . This remarkable saying is given in identical terms by Mt. and Lk. Vide on Mt.

The Expositor's Greek Testament, edited by W. Robertson Nicoll (1897–1910) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

58. Jesus said unto him] “In the man’s flaring enthusiasm He saw the smoke of egotistical self-deceit” (Lange), and therefore He coldly checked a proffered devotion which would not have stood the test.

nests] Rather, habitations, shelters. Birds do not live in nests. In this verse more than in any other we see the poverty and homelessness of the latter part of the Lord’s ministry (2Co_8:9). Perhaps St Luke placed the incident here as appropriate to the rejection of our Lord’s wish to rest for the night at En Gannim. Was this Scribe prepared to follow Jesus for His own sake alone?

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Gill's Exposition

And Jesus said unto him,.... The copulative "and", is left out in the Vulgate Latin, Syriac, Arabic, and Persic versions:

no man having put his hand to the plough; or "ploughshare", as reads the Syriac version; or "plough handle", as the Persic; referring, as Beza thinks, to the business of Elisha, in Kg1 19:19

And looking back; behind him; for the ploughman ought to look before him, on his plough, and the ground he is ploughing, or he is not fit to be a ploughman; nor will he make proper furrows, or do his work well; and so he that enters upon the ministerial work, and looks back, and engages himself in the affairs of the world, sets his heart on them, and spends his time in them,

is not fit for the kingdom of God: that is, to preach the kingdom of God, as in Luk 9:60. He cannot serve God and mammon, his own interest, and the interest of Christ; he cannot rightly perform the work of the ministry, whilst his thoughts and time are taken up in the affairs of the world.

Next: Luke Chapter 10

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Trapp's Complete Commentary

John Trapp

58 And Jesus said unto him, Foxes have holes, and birds of the air have nests; but the Son of man hath not where to lay his head.

Ver. 58. And Jesus said unto them] Christ had felt his pulse and found his temper, that he looked after outward things only; and therefore he lets him know what to trust unto.

But the Son of man] Ezekiel with the Septuagint is, υιος ανθρωπου, the son of man, but Christ is ο υιος του ανθρωπου, , that is, the son of that man, of that first man Adam. He was the next and only other common person.

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Wesley's Explanatory Notes

But Jesus said to him - First understand the terms: consider on what conditions thou art to follow me.

John Wesley, Explanatory Notes Upon the Whole Bible (1754–1765) — public domain. Text via the GEBible commentary corpus.

Cambridge Greek Testament for Schools and Colleges

58. εἶπεν αὐτῷ ὁ Ἰησοῦς. “In the man’s flaring enthusiasm He saw the smoke of egotistical self-deceit” (Lange), and therefore He coldly checked a proffered devotion which would not have stood the test.

φωλεούς. A late and not very common word.

κατασκηνώσεις. ‘Habitations, shelters.’ Birds do not live in nests. In this verse more than in any other we see the poverty and homelessness of the latter part of the Lord’s ministry (2Co 8:9). Perhaps St Luke placed the incident here as appropriate to the rejection of our Lord’s wish to rest for the night at En Gannim. Was this Scribe prepared to follow Jesus for His own sake alone?

Cambridge Greek Testament for Schools and Colleges (Cambridge University Press, 1896; 21 vols, various authors incl. Carr, Maclear, Plummer, Farrar, Lumby, Moule, M. R. James, Simcox) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Alford’s Greek Testament

Henry Alford

58.] See notes on Matt.

Henry Alford, The Greek Testament (1849–1861) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

International Critical Commentary

58. Αἱ ἀλώπεκες φωλεοὺς ἔχουσιν. Jesus knows the measure of the scribe’s enthusiasm. He also knows whither He Himself is going, viz. to suffering and to death. He warns him of privations which must be endured at once. The scribe was accustomed to a comfortable home; and that must be sacrificed: comp. 18:22; Mat 20:22. For other cases in which Jesus checked emotional impulsiveness see 11:27 and 22:33. Foxes and birds are mentioned, not as representatives of the whole animal world, but as creatures which lead a vagabond life. Comp. Plut. Tib. Grac. ix.

Jdg 15:4 the form ἀλώπηκας is well attested: φωλεός occurs nowhere else in bibl. Grk, excepting Mat 8:20, where see Wetst. for illustrations of the use of the word for lairs of animals. Syr-Sin. inserts “Verily” here.

κατασκηνώσεις. Lit. “encampings,” and so “encampments, abodes.” Therefore “roosts” would be better than “nests.” Only for a short time in each year does a bird have a nest. Here Vul, has nidos, in Mt. tabernacula with nidos in many MSS. Here d has habitacula. In both places many texts add to nidos the gloss ubi requiescant. In Eze 37:27 and Wisd. 9:8 κατασκήνωσις (tabernaculum) is used of Jehovah encamping among His people: comp. Tob. 1:4 and Ps. Son 7:5.

οὑ ἔχει ποῦ τὴν κεφαλὴν κλίνῃ. Not because of His poverty, but because of the wandering life which His work involved, a life which was now more unsettled than ever. Nazareth had cast Him out; of His own choice He had left Caperaum; Samaritans had refused to receive Him: in the intervals of necessary rest He had no home.1 For the constr. see 12:17.

International Critical Commentary — older volumes (1896–1929), various authors — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Vincent's Word Studies in the New Testament

Marvin R. Vincent

Holes. See on Mt 8:20.

Birds [πετεινα] . Strictly, flying fowl. The common word for bird in the New Testament. Opniv occurs Mt 23:37; Luk 13:34; but both times in the sense of hen. See on Mt 23:37. Orneon is found in Rev 18:2; Rev 19:17, 21; and pthnon, another form for the word in this passage, occurs 1Co 14:30.

Nests. See on Mt 8:20.

Marvin R. Vincent, Word Studies in the New Testament (1887–1900) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

Luke, in the Gospels, opens this verse with 26 words (18 distinct Greek lemmas). Its most distinctive word is phōleós (“burrow”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

  1. The word phōleós carries the sense “burrow.” How does it shape the verse?
  2. How does Matthew 8:20, which shares the word «burrow», read alongside this verse?
  3. What does the repetition of “to have” (2× in this one verse) do in this verse?
  4. These translations render this verse differently; the difference is in the English rendering, not the original. What questions does that raise?
  5. Compare how Tyndale Open Study Notes and Bengel's Gnomon read this verse. Where do they agree or differ?

Things to notice

  • These translations choose different wording for 9 words in this verse.
  • “to have” occurs 2× in this single verse.
  • 18 distinct Greek lemmas span 26 words in this verse.

Reading settings

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Old Testament
Old Testament edition

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English shown for the Greek Septuagint (in the Hebrew ↔ Greek comparison).

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