Joshua 19:43

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex)

English Translation

and Elon, and Timnah, and Ekron,

World English Bible · Public Domain

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וְאֵיל֥וֹן

ʼÊylôwn

H356

“and · Elon”

Conjunction + Noun, Proper

Appears 7× in the Hebrew Bible
First appears at Genesis 26:34

Full BDB Definition

Origin: from H352

TWOT: None

Elon = "terebinth, mighty" - Hittite, father-in-law of Esau - second son of Zebulun - Zebulonite judge of Israel - town in Dan

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

3: words
3: distinct lemmas
Historical: section

Notable vocabulary

The rarest word here is וְאֵיל֥וֹן Elon H356 — appearing just 7 times in the whole Hebrew Bible.

Shared distinctive vocabulary

וְאֵיל֥וֹן Elon H356 occurs in 7 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

3 nouns

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 6 words from the Hebrew and 6 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — the same length.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

Cross-references

Topical passages linked to Joshua 19:43 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

Genesis 38:12 After many days, Shua's daughter, the wife of Judah, died. Judah was comforted, and went up to his sheep-shearers to Timnah, he and his friend Hirah, the Adullamite.
Joshua 15:45 Ekron, with its towns and its villages;
Judges 14:1–2 Samson went down to Timnah, and saw a woman in Timnah of the daughters of the Philistines.
1 Samuel 5:10 So they sent the ark of God to Ekron. It happened, as the ark of God came to Ekron, that the Ekronites cried out, saying, They have brought about the ark of the God of Israel to us, to kill us and our people.
Amos 1:8 I will cut off the inhabitant from Ashdod, And him who holds the scepter from Ashkelon; And I will turn my hand against Ekron; And the remnant of the Philistines will perish," says the Lord Yahweh.

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew Joshua 19:43 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

וְאֵיל֥וֹן וְתִמְנָ֖תָה וְעֶקְרֽוֹן

and Elon, and Timnah, and Ekron,

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX Joshua 19:43 Septuagint · lemma form

καί αιλων καί θαμναθα καί ακκαρων

and Elon, and Thamnatha, and Accaron;

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

Targum Jonathan Prophets (Joshua–Malachi)

וְאֵילוֹן וְתִמְנָתָה וְעֶקְרוֹן:

(no public-domain English translation for this verse)

Targum Jonathan — Aramaic: “Mikraot Gedolot” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “London "Chaldee Paraphrase," 1871” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on Joshua 19:43 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Tyndale Open Study Notes

Tyndale Open Resources

19:43 About fifty years after Israel came into Canaan under Joshua, the Philistines moved into the southern coastal plain and occupied the cities of Timnah and Ekron (Judg 14:1-2; 1 Sam 5:1-10). The Philistines were among the Sea Peoples who had perhaps been driven out of the Greek mainland and the Greek islands by an invasion from the north. The Sea Peoples also invaded and destroyed the Hittite Empire to the north of Israel. (Some scholars think that Homer’s Iliad reflects this movement.)

Adam Clarke's Commentary

Verse 43. Thimnathah] Probably the same as Timnah. See Clarke on Jos 15:57.

Ekron] A well-known city of the Philistines and the metropolis of one of their five dynasties,

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible (1810–1826) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

43. Elon] The site of this place is still undiscovered. For Thimnathah see above, ch. Jos_15:1; for Ekron, Jos_13:3.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Gill's Exposition

And Eltekeh,.... Eltekeh was a city given to the Levites, Jos 21:23; and supposed by some to be the same with Eltekon in the tribe of Judah given to the Danites, Jos 15:59,

and Gibbethon was in the hands of the Philistines in the reign of Asa, Kg1 15:21; and in the same place Jerom (t) calls Gabatha a city of the strangers, or Philistines; and which lie places near Bethlehem in the tribe of Judah:

and Baalath is not the same with Baalah, Jos 15:29; but the Baalath rebuilt by Solomon, Kg1 9:18; called by Josephus (u) Baleth, and spoken of by him as near to Gazara in the land of the Philistines; of these two last cities, the Talmudists (w) say that their houses belonged to Judah, and their fields to Dan.

(t) De loc. Heb. fol. 92. C. (u) Antiqu. l. 8. c. 6. sect. 1. (w) T. Hieros. Sanhedrin, fol. 18. 3.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary

Themna; the Thamna of the tribe of Juda, chap. xv. 10. --- Acron, or Accaron.

George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), Haydock's Catholic Family Bible and Commentary, 1859 edition — public domain. Excludes Psalms (Douay-Rheims chapter numbering differs from Protestant) and Deuterocanonical books (Catholic canon only).

The Pulpit Commentary

Ekron (see Jos_13:3)

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

unfoldingWord translationNotes

Door43 World Missions Community

Elon, Timnah, Ekron, Eltekeh, Gibbethon, Baalath, Jehud, Bene Berak, Gath Rimmon, Me Jarkon, and Rakkon

These are the names of cities. (See: How to Translate Names)

across from Joppa

"opposite Joppa" or "beside Joppa"

translationWords

Ekron

Joppa

unfoldingWord translationNotes — © Distant Shores Media and the Door43 World Missions Community, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Source: git.door43.org/Door43/en_tn.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

Joshua, in the Historical, opens this verse with 3 words (3 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is ʼÊylôwn (“Elon”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

The word ʼÊylôwn carries the sense “Elon.” How does it shape the verse?
How does Genesis 26:34, which shares the word «Elon», read alongside this verse?
These translations render this verse differently. What is at stake in choosing one wording over another?
Compare how Tyndale Open Study Notes and Adam Clarke's Commentary read this verse. Where do they agree or differ?

Things to notice

These translations choose different wording for 2 words in this verse.
3 distinct Hebrew lemmas span 3 words in this verse.