Joshua 19:42

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex)

English Translation

and Shaalabbin, and Aijalon, and Ithlah,

World English Bible · Public Domain

Highlights

1 hapax legomenon — only here in the Hebrew Bible
2 first appearances in the Hebrew Bible

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וְיִתְלָֽה

Yithlâh

H3494

“and · Jethlah”

Conjunction + Noun, Proper

Appears 1× in the Hebrew Bible
First appears here

Full BDB Definition

Origin: probably from H8518

TWOT: None

Jethlah = "he hangs" - one of the towns in southern Dan

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

3: words
3: distinct lemmas
Historical: section

Notable vocabulary

1 hapax legomenon — a word that appears only here in the entire Hebrew Bible:

וְיִתְלָֽה Jethlah H3494

First appearance in Scripture

These words make their first canonical appearance in the Hebrew Bible here:

וְשַֽׁעֲלַבִּ֥ין Shaalbim H8169
וְיִתְלָֽה Jethlah H3494

Shared distinctive vocabulary

וְשַֽׁעֲלַבִּ֥ין Shaalbim H8169 occurs in 3 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

3 nouns

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 6 words from the Hebrew and 6 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — the same length.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

Cross-references

Topical passages linked to Joshua 19:42 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

Judges 1:35 but the Amorites would dwell in Mount Heres, in Aijalon, and in Shaalbim: yet the hand of the house of Joseph prevailed, so that they became subject to forced labor.
Joshua 10:12 Then spoke Joshua to Yahweh in the day when Yahweh delivered up the Amorites before the children of Israel; and he said in the sight of Israel, Sun, stand you still on Gibeon; You, Moon, in the valley of Aijalon.
Joshua 21:24 Aijalon with its suburbs, Gath-rimmon with its suburbs; four cities.
1 Samuel 14:31 They struck of the Philistines that day from Michmash to Aijalon. The people were very faint;

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew Joshua 19:42 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

וְשַֽׁעֲלַבִּ֥ין וְאַיָּל֖וֹן וְיִתְלָֽה

and Shaalabbin, and Aijalon, and Ithlah,

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX Joshua 19:42 Septuagint · lemma form

καί σαλαβιν καί αμμων καί σιλαθα

and Salamin, and Ammon, and Silatha,

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

Targum Jonathan Prophets (Joshua–Malachi)

וְשַׁעֲלַבִּין וְאַיָלוֹן וְיִתְלָה:

(no public-domain English translation for this verse)

Targum Jonathan — Aramaic: “Mikraot Gedolot” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “London "Chaldee Paraphrase," 1871” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on Joshua 19:42 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Adam Clarke's Commentary

Verse 42. Shaalabbin] The foxes. Of this city the Amorites kept constant possession. See Jdg 1:35.

Ajalon] There was a place of this name about two miles from Nicopolis or Emmaus, on the road to Jerusalem.-Calmet.

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible (1810–1826) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

42. Shaalabbin] = “the place of foxes;” comp. the story of Samson, Jdg_15:4. It appears in 1Ki_4:9 as the home of one of David’s “mighty men.” For Ajalon see above, ch. Jos_10:12; Jethlah has not been identified.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Gill's Exposition

And Elon,.... Of Elon no mention is made elsewhere:

and Thimnathah is a different place from Timnah in the tribe of Judah, Jos 15:10. Jerom (s) speaks of the Thamnitic country, so called from the village Thamna, which seems to be this:

and Ekron was one of the five principalities of the Philistines, and never possessed by the Israelites; it first fell by lot to the tribe of Judah, and afterwards given to the tribe of Dan, Jos 15:45.

(s) De loc. Heb. fol. 88. E.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

Daniel D. Whedon

42-45. Aijalon — See Jos_10:12.

Thimnathah — Perhaps the same as Timnah, Jos_15:10.

Ekron — See Jos_13:3. The rest of these cities are now unknown.

Daniel D. Whedon (gen. ed.), Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1874–1909) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Pulpit Commentary

Aijalon, or Ajalon. (see Jos_10:12) One of the Levitical cities.

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

Joshua, in the Historical, opens this verse with 3 words (3 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is Yithlâh (“Jethlah”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

What does “Jethlah” (Yithlâh) contribute to the verse as a whole?
This verse holds 1 word here found nowhere else in the Hebrew Bible. What might the rare word draw attention to?
2 words here appear for the first time in Scripture. What is being introduced at this debut?
Judges 1:35 shares the word «Shaalbim» with this verse. How do the two illuminate each other?
The translations on this page render this verse differently — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment. What might account for the different wordings?
Reading how Adam Clarke's Commentary and The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges read this verse, where do the two commentators agree and where do they part?

Things to notice

1 word in this verse appears nowhere else in the Hebrew Bible.
2 words make their first canonical appearance in Scripture here.
These translations choose different wording for 4 words in this verse.
3 distinct Hebrew lemmas span 3 words in this verse.