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2 Chronicles 27:4

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex) 2 Chronicles 27:4 appears in the Hebrew Old Testament. The text above is from the Westminster Leningrad Codex. Each word links to its Strong’s number, a concise gloss, and parsing drawn from the Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible morphology. Click any word for its full Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB) entry.
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Cite this verse

2 Chronicles 27:4 (World English Bible). Public Domain. Lemma interlinear Bible study tool, https://lemma.gebible.app/v/2-chronicles/27/4.

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English Translation
Moreover he built cities in the hill-country of Judah, and in the forests he built castles and towers.
World English Bible · Public Domain
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Compare translations 3

The same verse in 3 English versions, stacked beneath the original-language interlinear above. Click any original word for its lexicon entry.

Each is an independent rendering of the whole verse — the interlinear is not word-aligned to these translations.

Highlighted words mark where these versions differ — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    Moreover he built cities in the hill-country of Judah, and in the forests he built castles and towers.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    Moreover he built cities in the mountains of Judah, and in the forests he built castles and towers.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    And cities he built in the hill country of Judah, and in the forests he built fortresses and towers.

unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult).

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Show all 18 translations

Every available English version of this verse, each an independent rendering of the whole verse.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    Moreover he built cities in the hill-country of Judah, and in the forests he built castles and towers.
  • Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
    He also built cities in the hill country of Judah and fortresses and towers in the forests.
  • Majority Standard Bible Public Domain
    He also built cities in the hill country of Judah and fortresses and towers in the forests.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    Moreover he built cities in the mountains of Judah, and in the forests he built castles and towers.
  • American Standard Version (1901) Public Domain
    Moreover he built cities in the hill-country of Judah, and in the forests he built castles and towers.
  • Revised Version (1885) Public Domain
    Moreover he built cities in the hill country of Judah, and in the forests he built castles and towers.
  • Geneva Bible (1599) Public Domain
    Moreouer hee buylt cities in the mountaines of Iudah, and in the forests he buylt palaces and towres.
  • Douay-Rheims (1899) Public Domain
    Moreover he built cities in the mountains of Juda, and castles and towers in the forests.
  • Young's Literal Translation Public Domain
    and cities he hath built in the hill-country of Judah, and in the forests he hath built palaces and towers.
  • Literal Standard Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    and he has built cities in the hill-country of Judah, and he has built palaces and towers in the forests.
  • Unlocked Literal Bible CC BY-SA 4.0
    Moreover he built cities in the hill country of Judah, and in the forests he built castles and towers.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    And cities he built in the hill country of Judah, and in the forests he built fortresses and towers.
  • Darby Bible Public Domain
    And he built cities in the hill-country of Judah, and in the forests he built castles and towers.
  • World Messianic Bible Public Domain
    Moreover he built cities in the hill country of Judah, and in the forests he built fortresses and towers.
  • Webster's Bible Public Domain
    Moreover, he built cities in the mountains of Judah, and in the forests he built castles and towers.
  • Free Bible Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    He built towns in the hill country of Judah, and fortresses and towers in the mountains and forests.
  • Bible in Basic English Public Domain
    In addition, he made towns in the hill-country of Judah, and strong buildings and towers in the woodlands.
  • JPS Tanakh (1917) Public Domain
    Moreover he built cities in the hill-country of Judah, and in the forest he built castles and towers.

Literal Standard Version (2020), Covenant Press — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). Unlocked Literal Bible (unfoldingWord) — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult). Free Bible Version, Dr. Jonathan Gallagher — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org).

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About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

8
words
7
distinct lemmas
Historical
section

Notable vocabulary

The rarest word here is בִּֽירָנִיּ֖וֹת fortress H1003 — appearing just 2 times in the whole Hebrew Bible.

Shared distinctive vocabulary

בִּֽירָנִיּ֖וֹת fortress H1003 occurs in 2 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

  • 2 verbs
  • 6 nouns

Verb forms

  • בָּנָ֖ה Qal · Perfect
  • בָּנָ֔ה Qal · Perfect

Repetition

A word recurs within this verse — often emphatic in Hebrew:

  • בָּנָ֖ה to build H1129 ×2

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 18 words from the Hebrew and 15 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 8 Hebrew tokens and 14 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

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Cross-references

5

Topical passages linked to 2 Chronicles 27:4 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

  • Joshua 14:12–13 Now therefore give me this hill-country, of which Yahweh spoke in that day; for you heard in that day how the Anakim were there, and cities great and fortified: it may be that Yahweh will be with me, and I shall drive them out, as Yahweh spoke.
  • 2 Chronicles 11:5–10 Rehoboam lived in Jerusalem, and built cities for defense in Judah.
  • 2 Chronicles 14:7 For he said to Judah, Let us build these cities, and make about them walls, and towers, gates, and bars; the land is yet before us, because we have sought Yahweh our God; we have sought him, and he has given us rest on every side. So they built and prospered.
  • 2 Chronicles 26:9–10 Moreover Uzziah built towers in Jerusalem at the corner gate, and at the valley gate, and at the turning [of the wall], and fortified them.
  • Luke 1:39 Mary arose in those days and went into the hill country with haste, into a city of Judah,

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew 2 Chronicles 27:4 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

וְעָרִ֥ים בָּנָ֖ה בְּהַר יְהוּדָ֑ה וּבֶחֳרָשִׁ֣ים בָּנָ֔ה בִּֽירָנִיּ֖וֹת וּמִגְדָּלִֽים

Moreover he built cities in the hill-country of Judah, and in the forests he built castles and towers.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX 2 Chronicles 27:4 Septuagint · lemma form

καί πόλις οἰκοδομέω ἐν ὄρος ἰουδά καί ἐν ὁ δρυμός καί οἴκησις καί πύργος

In the mountain of Juda, and in the woods, he built both dwelling-places and towers.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Commentary

Notes on 2 Chronicles 27:4 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Trapp's Complete Commentary

John Trapp

2Ch 27:4 Moreover he built cities in the mountains of Judah, and in the forests he built castles and towers.

Ver. 4. He built castles and towers.] For defence against the invasion of enemies.

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown

in the mountains of Judah, and in the forests he built castles and towers--that is, in the elevated and wooded spots where fortified cities could not be placed, he erected castles and towers.

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown — Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Adam Clarke's Commentary

Verse 4. Castles and towers.] These he built for the protection of the country people against marauders.

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible (1810–1826) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(4) Moreover.—Literally, and cities built he in the hill region of Judah. (Comp. 2Ch_26:10.)

Castles.—Bîrânîyôth; a term explained at 2Ch_17:12. The contemporary prophets denounced the popular confidence in “fenced cities” as a kind of treason against Jehovah, who was Himself the shield and fortress of His people (Psa_18:1; Isa_12:2). “Israel hath forgotten his Maker, and buildeth palaces; and Judah hath multiplied fenced cities: but I will send a fire upon his cities, and it shall devour the palaces thereof” (Hos_8:14. Comp. Isa_2:15; Isa_17:3-4).

A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

4. in the mountains] R.V. in the hill country; cp. Luk_1:39 (ἡ ὀρινή).

castles] Cp. 2Ch_17:12 (note).

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Gill's Exposition

He fought also with the king of the Ammonites, and prevailed against them,.... These were brought into subjection by David; but in later times endeavoured to cast off the yoke, and even invaded the land of Judah, as in the days of Jehoshaphat, and now in the reign of Jotham, but succeeded not, see Amo 1:13.

and the children of Ammon gave him the same year one hundred talents of silver; he obliged them to pay this tribute annually, and which they began to pay in the present year, and amounted to 35,330 pounds:

and ten thousand measures of wheat, and ten thousand of barley; the measure here is the "cor", the same with the "homer"; which, according to Godwin (h), held forty five gallons, or five bushels and five gallons, so that there must be upwards of 50,000 bushels of each of these paid to Jotham; according to Bishop Cumberland (i), a "cor", or "homer", held seventy five wine gallons, and upwards of five pints:

so much did the children of Ammon pay both the second year and the third; the two following years as well as the present one; why this tribute was not continued to be paid cannot be said with certainty, whether the Ammonites refused and revolted, and could not be obliged, or whether the agreement was only for three years.

(h) Moses & Aaron, l. 6. c. 9. (i) Scripture Weights and Measures, ch. 3. p. 86.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

The Pulpit Commentary

The mountains of Judah; Hebrew, rhB; Revised Version, hill country of Judah, the Hebrew text being in the singular number (compare particularly. (Jos_9:1, where the Har is evidently placed in contrast with the Shefelah) Castles; Hebrew, twOYniryBi. (so 2Ch_17:12) The meaning is that he built forts (Isa_2:15; Hos_8:14)

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Rashi

Rabbi Shlomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)

and in the forests he built palaces - Heb. בִּירָנִית, an expression of a large palace (בִּירָה).

Rashi on the Tanakh — English translations: “The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg” (CC BY 4.0); “Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934” (public domain); “The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J” (CC BY 4.0); and “The Book of Joshua, Metsudah Publications, 1997” (CC BY 4.0). Text via Sefaria.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

2 Chronicles, in the Historical, opens this verse with 8 words (7 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is bîyrânîyth (“fortress”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

  1. The word bîyrânîyth carries the sense “fortress.” How does it shape the verse?
  2. How does 2 Chronicles 17:12, which shares the word «fortress», read alongside this verse?
  3. What does the repetition of “to build” (2× in this one verse) do in this verse?
  4. The translations on this page render this verse differently — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment. What might account for the different wordings?
  5. «בָּנָ֖ה» is a Qal Perfect verb. How does that grammatical form shape the action described?
  6. Compare how Trapp's Complete Commentary and Jamieson, Fausset & Brown read this verse. Where do they agree or differ?

Things to notice

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