שִׁכְמָה
shoulder
‘shoulder’ is one of 3 main senses fuller range ↓
Full lexicon entry — Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
From Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
Where this word appears
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Noun type
- Common
- A common noun — a general class of person, place, or thing (“king,” “city,” “water”), not a specific name.
State
- Construct
- A noun bound to a following noun in a possessive / “of” relationship (the construct chain).
Gender
- Masculine
- Grammatically masculine.
Number
- Singular
- One.
Every verse where H7929 appears — 1 distinct verse across 1 book. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Hebrew form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Hebrew Bible; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences are not indexed here.
Job 1 verse
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
At its core, שכמה (shikmâh) means “shoulder.” It occurs a mere 1 verse across Scripture. Its uses cluster heavily in Job (100% of all occurrences). A true hapax — its single appearance is Job 31:22. Not a single-sense word: explore its full sense range. Dig into 1-verse concordance and the renderings breakdown below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's H7929 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 1
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 1 distinct verse.
- 1 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 1 of 39 Old Testament books.
- #6,101
- by frequency
- Rank #6,101 (rank 6,101 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).
View all 1 occurrence in the concordance →
Most concentrated in
- Job 1 verse 100%
By section of the Old Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 1 distinct verse.
- Writings (Ketuvim) 1 verse · 100%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
BDB lists this Strong’s number as 2 distinct words (homographs). Each count above pools all of them and is not split by sense — see the Senses section below. A low-frequency rendering may belong to a different one of those words, not the primary meaning.
- King James Version†: Shoulder blade 1×
- American Standard Version†: Shoulder-blade 1×
- Berean Standard Bible†: Shoulder 1×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text†: Shoulder blade 1×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders H7929 across 1† tagged occurrence — most commonly:
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders H7929 across 1† tagged occurrence — most commonly:
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders H7929 across 1† tagged occurrence — most commonly:
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders H7929 across 1† tagged occurrence — most commonly:
Senses in the full BDB
What do BDB’s symbols mean?
BDB uses these scholarly abbreviations:
| Symbol | Meaning |
|---|---|
| 𝔊 | the Septuagint (the ancient Greek translation, LXX) |
| 𝔙 | the Vulgate (the Latin translation) |
| 𝔖 | the Syriac version (the Peshitta) |
| 𝔗 | the Targum (the Aramaic translation) |
| ψ | the Psalms |
| √ | root (the underlying root or stem) |
| ‖ | parallel passage (a synonymous or contrasted parallel) |
| † | the dagger: every passage where the word occurs is cited |
The 6 senses and sub-senses the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency), with BDB’s own verbatim wording and sub-sense lettering. Shown in Hebrew script with BDB’s own scholarly abbreviations. The condensed entry is in the Lexicon Entry tab.
שכמה I
- 1. shoulder (sometimes incl. back of neck; כתף = shoulder-blade):
- a. as bearing burdens, וַיֵּט שׁ׳ לִסְבֹּל Gn 49:15 (poem in J; Issach. under fig. of ass), cf. 21:14 (E), 24:15, 45; Ex 12:34, also Gn 9:23 (all J), Jos 4:5 (E), Ju 9:48; Is 10:27 (‖ צַוָּאר), 14:25 (both fig.), ψ 81:7, so, metaph., of responsibility of rule Is 9:5; 22:22 (symbolized by key), of accusation as (easy) burden Jb 31:36; fig. also לְעָבְדוֹ שׁ׳ אֶחָד Zp 3:9 to serve him (with) one shoulder (as one man), cf. Syriac ܚܰܕ ܟܰܬܦܳܐ. e.g. Genesis 49:15
- b. in statement of Saul’s height, מִשִּׁכְמוֹ וָמַ֫עְלָה גָּבֹהַּ מִכָּל־הָעָם 1 S 9:2, cf. 10:23 and (with play on n.pr.loc. שְׁכֶם) נָתַתִּי לְךָ שׁ׳ אַחַד עַל־אַחֶיךָ Gn 48:22 (E; cf. Dr). e.g. 1 Samuel 9:2
- 2. in gen. back: כְּהַפְנֹתוֹ שִׁכְמוֹ לָלֶכֶת מֵעִם 1 S 10:9; so תְּשִׁיתֵמוֹ שׁ׳ ψ 21:13, i.e. make them turn (in flight; cf. וְאוֹיְבַי נָתַתָּה לִי עֹרֶף 18:41); as beaten מַטֵּה שׁ׳ Is 9:3 (‖ שֵׁבֶט הַנֹּגֵשׂ בּוֹ); more anatom. כְּתֵפִי מִשּׁ׳ תִפּוֹל Jb 31:22 let my shoulder-blade fall from its back.—Ho 6:9 v. ii. שְׁכֶם. e.g. 1 Samuel 10:9
שכמה II loc.49 et m.14 (Συχεμ
- 1. district in N. Palestine (prob. shoulder (saddle?) of mount.);—מְקוֹם שׁ׳ Gn 12:6, שְׁכֶ֑מָה 37:14; = city (שְׁכֶם, שְׁכֶ֑מָה, Ho 6:9 שֶׁ֑כְמָה) Jos 24:1; עִיר שׁ׳ Gn 33:18; Ju 8:31 + 20 times Ju 9 (בַּעֲלֵי שׁ׳ v 2 + 12 times, ב׳ מִגְדַּל־שׁ׳ v 46, 47), Ho 6:9 + 21 times (עִיר שׁ׳ Gn 33:18); city of refuge Jos 20:7; 21:21; 1 Ch 6:52.—WMMAs. u. Eur. 394, cp. Egypt. Sa-ka-mà (cf. Jen ZA x (1895) 356); mod. Nablûs (from Rom. name Neapolis); v. BuhlG 200 f. GASmG 332 ff. 345 WilsonHast. DB shechem. e.g. Genesis 12:6
- 2. n.pr.m. (on connexion with 1 cf. Ju 9:28), ‘son’ of Ḥamor, also Gn 33:19; 34:2 + 10 times 34, Jos 24:32. e.g. Judges 9:28
Senses from the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon (Brown, Driver, Briggs; Oxford 1906 — public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). Full attribution on Sources.
Word origin
I. n.m.Zp 3:9 shoulder;—abs. שׁ׳ Gn 48:22 +, שְׁכֶ֑ם 33:19 +, שֶׁ֑כֶם ψ 21:13 (whence orig. *šakm inferred Ol§ 147 a ad fin. Sta§ 199 a; but—ֶ der. from—ִ before ב, BaNB 104 Köii. 1, 67, 506); cstr. שְׁכֶם Gn 9:23; sf. שִׁכְמוֹ 49:15 +, שִׁכְמָה (for שִׁכְמָהּ Ges§ 91 e) Jb 31:22, etc.;—
II. n.pr.loc.49 et m.14 (Συχεμ; 𝔊L often Σίκιμα LagBN 57):
— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.
Derived from שכם (shᵉkem) (H7926) — shoulder.
Jastrow Dictionary
A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.
כְּמָא
- (v. כְּ־ a. מָא)
- 1. (followed by ד־) like that which. Targ. Jud. XI, 39 a. fr. [Usu.: הֵיךְ מָא, הֵיכְמָא.]—
- 2. (mostly כמה) how! how many!, how much!, how long!; (also interrog.) how much? &c. Targ. Ps. CXXXIX, 17. Ib. XXXV, 17; a. fr.—Gen. R. s. 6 כ׳ נפשיה וכ׳ how the soul of this man’s (my) brother is now chopping cedars and sawing &c. (is in the agony of death)! (Midr. Sam. ch. IX; Yalk. Ps. 743, only נפשיה וכ׳). Yoma 22ᵇ, v. חֲלִי. Ber. 14ᵇ כ׳ מעליא וכ׳ how excellent &c. B. Mets. 86ᵃ כ׳ ככרין וכ׳ how many cakes of nardus do we owe to &c.!—M. Kat. 16ᵇ כל כ׳ דהוה וכ׳ as long as &c.; a. fr.—Y. Ab. Zar. II, 41ᵃ top כְּמָן קטל how many of them did he kill?
כְּמָה
- , v. כְּמָא
כַּמֶּה
- (preced. wds.)
- 1. how much?, how many? Kidd. 9ᵇ ב׳ אתה נותן וכ׳ how much (dowry) wilt thou give &c.? Ber. 14ᵃ עד כ׳ up to how much? Ib. 30ᵇ כ׳ ישהה וכ׳ how long must he pause between &c.?; a. fr.
- 2. how!, how many!, how much! Sabb. 12ᵇ כ׳ גדולים דברי וכ׳ how grand are the words of &c.; a. fr.—על אחת כ׳ וכ׳, v. אֶחָד.
- 3. (I don’t know) how many, many. M. Kat. 16ᵇ איבדתי כ׳ דוד מפניו I should have destroyed many Davids for his sake. Y. Keth. V, 30ᵃ bot. לאחר כ׳ ימים after ever so many days. Ib. אפי כ׳ even much longer; a. fr.—[Y. Succ. I, 51ᵈ top גבוה מכמה, prob. to be read: מכ׳ אמה = מעשרים ib.]
A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.
Same root — word family
Other BDB entries built from the same root as H7929, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derives from
Proper names from this root
People and places named from this root — a name, not an additional meaning of the word.
Compare all same-root words → 2 of the same-root words are proper names (people or places). They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint verse parallels
This word appears in 1 verse that also exists in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 1 Hebrew verse it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.
Read these verses in the Septuagint
This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.
