מָרָק
broth
Full lexicon entry — Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
From Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
Where this word appears
See every Absolute-state word in the Hebrew Bible →
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Noun type
- Common
- A common noun — a general class of person, place, or thing (“king,” “city,” “water”), not a specific name.
State
- Construct
- A noun bound to a following noun in a possessive / “of” relationship (the construct chain).
- Absolute
- The independent form of a noun, not bound to a following word.
Gender
- Masculine
- Grammatically masculine.
Number
- Singular
- One.
Grammatical forms
- Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute 2 times (67%)
- Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct 1 time (33%)
Parsed forms decoded from the imported morphology (morphhb / Westminster Leningrad Codex — WLC text public domain, morphhb tagging CC BY 4.0), counted across 3 parsed occurrences — not distinct verses.
Every verse where H4839 appears — 3 distinct verses across 2 books. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Hebrew form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Hebrew Bible; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences are not indexed here.
Judges 2 verses
- Judges 6:19 וְ/הַ/מָּרַ֖ק conj + ptcl def.art + n c ms Gideon went in, and made ready a kid, and unleavened cakes of an ephah of meal: the flesh he put in a basket, and he put the broth in a pot, and brought it out to him under the oak, and presented it.
- Judges 6:20 הַ/מָּרַ֖ק ptcl def.art + n c ms The angel of God said to him, Take the flesh and the unleavened cakes, and lay them on this rock, and pour out the broth. He did so.
Isaiah 1 verse
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
מרק (mârâq) is a Hebrew noun most often rendered “broth.” It is rare — just 3 verses in the entire Hebrew Bible. It clusters heavily in Judges, which alone accounts for 67% of its uses. It first appears in Judges 6:19. It clusters with מרק, מרוק and תמרוק under a shared root. The sections below give every sense, occurrence, and version rendering.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's H4839 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 3
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 3 distinct verses.
- 2 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 2 of 39 Old Testament books.
- #4,179
- by frequency
- Top 5000 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 4,179 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).
View all 3 occurrences in the concordance →
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 3 distinct verses.
- Prophets (Nevi'im) 3 verses · 100%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
- King James Version: Broth 3×
- American Standard Version: Broth 3×
- Berean Standard Bible: Broth 2×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text: Broth 2×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders H4839 across 3 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders H4839 across 3 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders H4839 across 2 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders H4839 across 4 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 2 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Senses in BDB
The 1 sense BDB distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency or importance). The full entry — with sub-senses — is in the Lexicon Entry tab.
- broth, juice cooked from meat
Word origin
מָרָק n.m. juice stewed out of meat, or broth
— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.
Derived from מרק (mâraq) (H4838) — to scour.
Jastrow Dictionary
A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.
מָרַק
- sec. r. of רק; cmp. מצהב, Targ. II Chr. IV, 16) to brighten, cleanse (metal); to scour, scald. Sifra Tsav, Par. 3, ch. VI; Zeb. XI, 6 מוֹרְקוֹ ושוטפו וכ׳ he must scour and rinse it &c.; Tosef. ib. X, 13 מוֹרְקָן (not מוריקן); a. fr.
- to be cleansed, purged. Ab. d’R. N. ch. I, beg. בשביל שיִמָּרֵק מכל וכ׳ that he might be cleansed of all the food and drink in his bowels.—[Tosef. B. Bath. XI, 9 נמרק, read: נִמְחַק].
- 1. to polish up. Koh. R. beg. סיתתה ומֵירְקָהּ he chiselled the stone and polished it, v. כִּרְכֵּם. Sabb. 33ᵃ (ref. to תמרוק, Prov. XX, 30) המְמָרֵק עצמו וכ׳ he who polishes himself (makes toilet, prepares himself) for a sinful act; (Rashi: who makes himself free from all other thoughts, devoting himself entirely to sin, v. infra). e.g. Proverbs 20:30
- 2. (cmp. מכה בפטיש) to finish. Tosef. Ḥull. I, 2 ומ׳ הגוי וכ׳ and a gentile finished the slaughtering (by cutting farther than the ritual requires); (Ḥull. 121ᵇ גמר); Yoma III, 4 ומֵרַ׳; Ḥull. 29ᵃ ומֵי׳. Tam. IV, 2 מ׳ את ההפשט he finishes the flaying. Mikv. X, 1 הכניסן … ולא מֵרְקָן he inserted the handles properly but did not finish them off (by fastening &c.). Ohol. XIII, 3 הגיפה ולא מֵירְקָהּ he fitted the door in, but did not finish it off (so that it fitted accurately). Y. R. Hash. I, end, 57ᶜ, a. e. מכיון שהתחיל … מָרֵק inasmuch as he commenced the act, we say to him, finish it; a. fr.
- 3. to cleanse from sin by suffering, to remove sin, effect forgiveness. Ber. 5ᵃ יסורין שמְמָרְקִין כל וכ׳ sufferings which cleanse the entire body of man; ib. ממרקין כל עונותיו וכ׳ wash away all sins of man; Yalk. Ex. 339; Yalk. Deut. 850. Yoma 86ᵃ מיתה מְמָרֶקֶת death finishes the atonement (v. supra); Y. Snh. X, 27ᶜ bot. מיתה ממרקת שליש death removes the last third of sins; a. fr.—Y. Keth. VI, beg. 30ᶜ (in mixed dict.) ולא מְמָרֵק לה פורנה and does not pay off the entire dowry.—Sabb. 33ᵃ, v. supra.
- to be washed off, cleansed. Snh. 92ᵃ וה׳ סידו Ar. s. v. סר 3, ed. Koh., v. מָקַק Hof
מְרַק
- same, to polish; to cleanse. Targ. Is. XXI, 5 (ed. Wil. מָרִי׳ Pa.). Targ. Y. II, Lev. XXVI, 43.—[Y. Bets. I, 60ᵈ שחק הוא מרק קונדיטון, read: שחיק מר קונ׳, v. R. N. to Alf. Bets. I, 7; v. קוֹנְדִּיטוֹן.]
- same, to cleanse, clear, finish. B. Mets. 15ᵃ (in a deed of sale) ואשפי ואדכי וַאֲמָרֵיק וכ׳ (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 6) and I will satisfy (all claimants) and clear and clean the property &c. Yalk. Is. 352 מְמָרְקָא לה to pay it, v. שְׁבַק.—Y. Keth. VI, beg. 30ᶜ, v. preced.—[Targ. Prov. III, 11 תמריק, read: תְמַיֵּיק; ib. XIX, 28 ממריק Ms., read: מְמַיֵּיק; v. מוּק.]
- 1. to be scoured. Targ. O. Lev. VI, 21.
- 2. (denom. of תמרוק) to be used for toilet; (of persons) to be perfumed. Targ. Y. Ex. XXX, 32.—[אתמורק, Targ. II Kings IV, 35, v. מְקַק.]
A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.
Forms in the corpus
The 3 distinct written forms H4839 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that state’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.
| Form | Parsing | Example | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|
| הַ/מָּרַ֖ק | Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Judges 6:20 | 1 |
| וְ/הַ/מָּרַ֖ק | Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Judges 6:19 | 1 |
| וּ/מְרַ֥ק | Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct | Isaiah 65:4 | 1 |
Same root — word family
Other BDB entries built from the same root as H4839, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derives from
Shares the same root
Compare all same-root words → They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint verse parallels
This word appears in 3 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 3 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.
Read these verses in the Septuagint
This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.
