כִּבְשָׁן
kiln
Full lexicon entry — Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
From Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
Where this word appears
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Noun
- A naming word — a person, place, thing, or idea.
Noun type
- Common
- A common noun — a general class of person, place, or thing (“king,” “city,” “water”), not a specific name.
State
- Absolute
- The independent form of a noun, not bound to a following word.
Gender
- Masculine
- Grammatically masculine.
Number
- Singular
- One.
Every verse where H3536 appears in the Book of Exodus — 3 distinct verses. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Hebrew form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Hebrew Bible; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences are not indexed here.
Exodus
- Exodus 9:8 כִּבְשָׁ֑ן n c ms Yahweh said to Moses and to Aaron, "Take to you handfuls of ashes of the furnace, and let Moses sprinkle it toward the sky in the sight of Pharaoh.
- Exodus 9:10 הַ/כִּבְשָׁ֗ן ptcl def.art + n c ms They took ashes of the furnace, and stood before Pharaoh; and Moses sprinkled it up toward the sky; and it became a boil breaking forth with boils on man and on animal.
- Exodus 19:18 הַ/כִּבְשָׁ֔ן ptcl def.art + n c ms Mount Sinai, the whole of it, smoked, because Yahweh descended on it in fire; and its smoke ascended like the smoke of a furnace, and the whole mountain quaked greatly.
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
כבשן (kibshân) is a Hebrew noun most often rendered “kiln.” The Hebrew Bible uses it only 4 verses. Exodus dominates its distribution — 3 of 4 verses. Scripture first uses it in Genesis 19:28. Sharing its root, it stands alongside כבש and כבש. The sections below give every sense, occurrence, and version rendering.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's H3536 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 4
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 4 distinct verses.
- 2 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 2 of 39 Old Testament books.
- #3,696
- by frequency
- Top 5000 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 3,696 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).
View all 4 occurrences in the concordance →
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 4 distinct verses.
- Torah (Pentateuch) 4 verses · 100%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
- King James Version: Furnace 4×
- American Standard Version: Furnace 4×
- Berean Standard Bible: Furnace 4×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text: Furnace 4×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders H3536 across 4 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders H3536 across 4 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders H3536 across 4 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders H3536 across 4 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Senses in BDB
The 1 sense BDB distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency or importance). The full entry — with sub-senses — is in the Lexicon Entry tab.
- kiln (pottery or lime), smelting forge, furnace
Word origin
n.m. kiln, for lime or pottery (so Ki, AW; MishnKel viii. 9; √ and original meaning dub.; according to Thes as subduing, reducing its contents, cf. igne ferrum domatur PlinNat. Hist. 36. 27)—always abs.; only in קִיטוֹר הַכּ׳ Gn 19:28 (J; sim. of smoke of כִּכָּר, Sodom and Gom.); עֶשֶׁן הַכּ׳ Ex 19:18 (E; sim. of smoke fo Sinai); פִּיחַ כ׳ ashes of kiln Ex 9:8, cf. v 10 (both P).
— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.
Derived from כבש (kâbash) (H3533) — to subdue.
Jastrow Dictionary
A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.
כִּבְשָׁן
- 1. kiln, furnace. Kel. VIII, 9 כ׳ של סיידין וכ׳ the furnace of lime burners, glass-makers and potters. Succ. 7ᵇ עשויה ככ׳ shaped like a furnace (round). Gen. R. s. 44 כִּבְשַׁן האש the heated furnace. Cant. R. to II, 16 היוצר … בודק כִּבְשָׁנוֹ when the potter examines a batch of his kiln; a. fr.—Pl. כִּבְשׁוֹנוֹת. B. Kam. 82ᵇ אין עושין בה כ׳ no furnaces were erected in Jerusalem; Ḥag. 26ᵃ; Zeb. 96ᵃ. Ib. נהדרינהו לכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. אהדר׳) let them be put back into the furnaces (to be baked over). Tosef. B. Bath. I, 10 מרחיקין את הכ׳ וכ׳ (ed. Zuck. כבשנית, corr. acc.) furnaces must be removed from the town fifty cubits.—
- *2. that which is withheld, secret. Ḥag. 13ᵃ (play on כבשים, Prov. XXVII, 26) א"ת כבשים אלא כְּבוּשִׁים דברים שהם כִּבְשׁוֹנוֹ של עולם וכ׳ Ms. M. read not K’basim but K’bushim, things which are the secret of the world (esoteric doctrines) must be kept under one’s garment (in one’s bosom). e.g. Proverbs 27:26
A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.
Forms in the corpus
The 4 distinct written forms H3536 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that state’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.
| Form | Parsing | Example | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|
| הַ/כִּבְשָׁ֔ן | Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Exodus 19:18 | 1 |
| הַ/כִּבְשָׁ֗ן | Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Exodus 9:10 | 1 |
| הַ/כִּבְשָֽׁן | Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Genesis 19:28 | 1 |
| כִּבְשָׁ֑ן | Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Exodus 9:8 | 1 |
Same root — word family
Other BDB entries built from the same root as H3536, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derives from
Shares the same root
Compare all same-root words → They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint verse parallels
This word appears in 4 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 4 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.
Read these verses in the Septuagint
This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.
