טָפַח
to dandle
‘to dandle’ is one of 4 main senses fuller range ↓
Full lexicon entry — Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
From Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
Where this word appears
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Verb
- An action or state-of-being word.
Stem
- Piel
- An intensive or resultative active stem.
Form
- Perfect
- A completed action or state — Hebrew marks aspect (completeness) more than strict tense (“he wrote”).
Person
- 1st Person
- The speaker (“I / we”).
- 3rd Person
- The one spoken about (“he / she / it / they”).
Gender
- Common
- Either gender — not distinguished for this form.
- Feminine
- Grammatically feminine.
Number
- Singular
- One.
Grammatical forms
- Verb, Piel, Perfect, 1st Person, Common, Singular 1 time (50%)
- Verb, Piel, Perfect, 3rd Person, Feminine, Singular 1 time (50%)
Parsed forms decoded from the imported morphology (morphhb / Westminster Leningrad Codex — WLC text public domain, morphhb tagging CC BY 4.0), counted across 2 parsed occurrences — not distinct verses.
Every verse where H2946 appears — 2 distinct verses across 2 books. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Hebrew form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Hebrew Bible; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences are not indexed here.
Isaiah 1 verse
Lamentations 1 verse
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
The Hebrew verb טפח centers on the idea of “to dandle.” It is rare — just 2 verses in the entire Hebrew Bible. Isaiah dominates its distribution — 1 of 2 verses. Debuting at Isaiah 48:13, it then recurs through the corpus. BDB distinguishes 4 senses for it. For the data behind this summary, explore the sense tree and the renderings breakdown below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's H2946 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 2
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 2 distinct verses.
- 2 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 2 of 39 Old Testament books.
- #4,807
- by frequency
- Top 5000 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 4,807 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).
View all 2 occurrences in the concordance →
Most concentrated in
- Isaiah 1 verse 50%
- Lamentations 1 verse 50%
By section of the Old Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 2 distinct verses.
- Prophets (Nevi'im) 1 verse · 50%
- Writings (Ketuvim) 1 verse · 50%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
- King James Version: Hath spanned 1×, I have swaddled 1×
- American Standard Version: Hath spread 1×, I have dandled 1×
- Berean Standard Bible: I nurtured 1×, Spread out 1×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text: I carried 1×, Spread out 1×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders H2946 across 2 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders H2946 across 2 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders H2946 across 2 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders H2946 across 2 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Senses in BDB
The 4 senses BDB distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency or importance). The full entry — with sub-senses — is in the Lexicon Entry tab.
- to extend, spread, trip, take quick little steps
(Piel)
- to spread out
- to carry on the palms, dandle
- to rear children
Word origin
[ טָפַח ] vb. extend, spread — Pi.
— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.
Origin: a primitive root
Jastrow Dictionary
A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.
טָפַח I
- [to join closely, whence טֶפַח (cmp. קוֹמֶץ) joined fingers, hand-breadth,] to come in close contact; (cmp. נָקַשׁ) to strike, knock. B. Kam. 32ᵇ נתזה בקעת וטָפְחָה לו על פניו Ms. M. a chip flew off and struck him in the face. Ib. נתזו … וטָפְחוּ לו וכ׳ Ms. M. sparks flew off and hit him &c.; a. fr.—Esp. (denom. of טֶפַח) טָפַח, a.
- 1. to strike with the flat hand, to slap. Gen. R. s. 22, end התחיל אדה"ר מְטַפֵּחַ על פניו Adam slapped his own face; Lev. R. s. 10 טוֹפֵחַ. Kidd. 31ᵃ טָפְחָה לו על ראשו slapped him on his head. Gen. R. s. 45 טְפָחַתָּהּ וכ׳ (Yalk. ib. 79 קפחתה) she slapped her face with her shoe. Y. Kil. VIII, 31ᶜ top טי׳ כנגד וכ׳ (Kidd. 24ᵇ הכהו) if he struck him over his eye and blinded him. Ab. Zar. IV, 10 היה מְטַפֵּחַ על וכ׳ (Bab. ed. 60ᵇ מַטְפִּיחַ, Y. ed. מתפח) he slapped upon the fermenting barrel (to check fermentation). Toh. III, 8 שדרך התינוק לטַפֵּחַ a child likes to slap (dough &c., to dabble); a. e.
- 2. to clap hands to a certain tune in rejoicing or mourning, v. טִיפּוּחַ. Bets. V, 2 לא מְטַפְּחִין וכ׳ we must not clap hands, or strike upon the knees, or stamp on the Holy Day. M. Kat. III, 8 מענות אבל לא מְטַפְּחוֹת may sing the dirge but must not clap. Ib. 9. Num. R. s. 4 … שהיה מקיש וטוֹפַחַ he knocked his hands against each other and clapped; ib. וטפח. Cant. R. to II, 14 מְטַפַּחַת באגפיה clapped her wings.
- 3. to collect the contents of a broken vessel by palming, to wipe with the palm. Ter. XI, 7. Sabb. 143ᵇ ולא יְטַפֵּחַ בשמן must not use the palm for collecting oil in the broken vessel.
- same. Ab. Zar. 60ᵇ, v. supra.
טְפַח
- , Pa. טַפֵּחַ ch. same,
- 1. to close carefully. B. Kam. 23ᵃ לא ט׳ באפיה (Ms. H. טפא, v. טְפֵי IV) he did not carefully close (the stable) before him.
- 2. to slap, strike with hand, stamp with foot. Targ. II Kings XIX, 24; Is. XXXVII, 25. Targ. Ez. XXI, 17; 19; a. fr.—Targ. Jon. IV, 8 ט׳ שמשא וכ׳ the sun beat upon &c.—B. Kam. 32ᵇ ט׳ ליה רבא בסנדליה Raba struck him upon his (R. Shimi’s) sandal (to silence him); M. Kat. 25ᵃ; B. Bath. 22ᵃ; a. e. e.g. Isaiah 37:25
- 3. to clap hands. Y. Snh. II, beg. 19ᵈ; Y. Hor. III, beg. 47ᵃ שרי ט׳ בחדא וכ׳ he made the motion of clapping with one hand; ובחדא טַפְחִין do people clap with one hand?; a. e.
- 4. to strike, forge. Targ. Ps. CXLI, 5; Targ. Is. XLI, 7 (h. text הלם).
טָפַח II
- (cmp. טָפַף II) to drip, be moist. Sabb. 17ᵃ עדיין משקה טוֹפֵחַ וכ׳ moisture is still dripping on them. Yoma 78ᵃ טוֹפֵחַ ע"מ להַטְפִּיחַ moist enough to moisten other objects; Ab. Zar. 60ᵇ טופח ע"מ להטפיח Ms. M. (ed. ט׳ להט׳). Toh. VIII, 9; a. fr.—2) (cmp. דאב, דוי) to melt, decay, ferment (of a running and fermenting dough). B. Mets. 59ᵇ אף בצק … ט׳ (Ms. R. 2 תפח, v. תָּפַח) even the dough under the hands of the kneading women fermented.—Y. Yeb. XII, end, 13ᵃ וטפח רוחי עלי; Yalk. Prov. 964 טָפְחָה וכ׳ my mind in me became fermenting, i.e. I felt proud (v. טוּף).—Part. pass. טָפוּחַ decaying, languishing (from starvation). Sifra B’ḥuck. Par. 2, ch. VI טְפוּחֵי רעב (v. תָּפַח).
- to moisten, wet. Yoma 78ᵃ טינא מַטְפַּחַת clay which makes wet (those sitting on it). Ib.; Ab. Zar. 60ᵇ להַטְפִּיחַ, v. supra. Ber. 25ᵃ כל זמן שמַטְפִּיחִין as long as the spot is wet enough to moisten.
טֶפַח
- v. טָפַח I) hand-breadth, breadth of four fingers joined. Succ. 4ᵇ, a. fr. ארון תשעה וכפרת ט׳ the Ark was nine handbreadths high, and the lid one. Ib. 7ᵃ ט׳ שוחק a liberal hand-breadth (four fingers not closely joined). v. אַמָּה.—Yoma 55ᵃ top טִיפְחָהּ של כפורת Ar. a. Ms. M. 2 a. Ms. O. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 9, ed. עוביה) the hand-breadth, i.e. the hight, of the lid, v. supra.; a. v. fr.—Pl. טְפָחִים, Du. טְפָחַיִים. Taan. 25ᵇ; a. v. fr. [טְפָחִין, or טִפְחִין, v. טְפִיחַ II.]
תָּפַח
- II = טָפַח I.
- to slap. Ab. Zar. IV, 10 (11) מְתַפֵּחַ Y. ed., v. טָפַח I
A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.
Forms in the corpus
The 2 distinct written forms H2946 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that stem’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.
| Form | Parsing | Example | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|
| טִפְּחָ֣ה | Verb, Piel, Perfect, 3rd Person, Feminine, Singular | Isaiah 48:13 | 1 |
| טִפַּ֥חְתִּי | Verb, Piel, Perfect, 1st Person, Common, Singular | Lamentations 2:22 | 1 |
Same root — word family
Other BDB entries built from the same root as H2946, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derived from this word
- טפח ṭêphach H2947 hand breadth
- טפח ṭôphach H2948 span
- טפח ṭippuch H2949 tender care
- מטפחת miṭpachath H4304 cloak
Compare all same-root words → Showing 4 of 5 — not the complete family. They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint verse parallels
This word appears in 2 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 2 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.
Read these verses in the Septuagint
This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.
