גָּד
fortune
Full lexicon entry — Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
From Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
Where this word appears
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Noun
- A naming word — a person, place, thing, or idea.
Noun type
- Common
- A common noun — a general class of person, place, or thing (“king,” “city,” “water”), not a specific name.
State
- Absolute
- The independent form of a noun, not bound to a following word.
Gender
- Masculine
- Grammatically masculine.
Number
- Singular
- One.
Every verse where H1409 appears — 1 distinct verse across 1 book. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Hebrew form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Hebrew Bible; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences are not indexed here.
Genesis 1 verse
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
גד (gâd) is a Hebrew noun most often rendered “fortune.” A scarce word — 1 verse in all of the Hebrew Bible. Genesis dominates its distribution — 1 of 1 verses. It occurs only once, in Genesis 30:11. Related forms include גוד, גדד and גיד. The sections below give every sense, occurrence, and version rendering.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's H1409 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 1
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 1 distinct verse.
- 1 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 1 of 39 Old Testament books.
- #4,807
- by frequency
- Top 5000 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 4,807 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).
View all 1 occurrence in the concordance →
Most concentrated in
- Genesis 1 verse 100%
By section of the Old Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 1 distinct verse.
- Torah (Pentateuch) 1 verse · 100%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
BDB lists this Strong’s number as 2 distinct words (homographs). Each count above pools all of them and is not split by sense — see the Senses section below. A low-frequency rendering may belong to a different one of those words, not the primary meaning.
- King James Version†: Troop 2×
- American Standard Version†: Fortunate 1×, Fortune 1×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text†: Good fortune 1×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders H1409 across 2† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders H1409 across 2† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders H1409 across 1† tagged occurrence — most commonly:
Senses in the full BDB
What do BDB’s symbols mean?
BDB uses these scholarly abbreviations:
| Symbol | Meaning |
|---|---|
| 𝔊 | the Septuagint (the ancient Greek translation, LXX) |
| 𝔙 | the Vulgate (the Latin translation) |
| 𝔖 | the Syriac version (the Peshitta) |
| 𝔗 | the Targum (the Aramaic translation) |
| ψ | the Psalms |
| √ | root (the underlying root or stem) |
| ‖ | parallel passage (a synonymous or contrasted parallel) |
| † | the dagger: every passage where the word occurs is cited |
The 2 senses and sub-senses the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency), with BDB’s own verbatim wording and sub-sense lettering. Shown in Hebrew script with BDB’s own scholarly abbreviations. The condensed entry is in the Lexicon Entry tab. See also the Forms in the corpus table below.
גד I coriander (NH גִּיד, Aramaic גִּידָּא
גד II
- 1. n.[m.] fortune, good fortune (Arabic جَدٌّ id., Aramaic גַּדָּא, ܓܰܕܳܐ )—Gn 30:11 בּגד Kt, i.e. בְּגָד (בָּא גָד֑ Qr), 𝔊 ἐν τύχῃ, by or with good fortune. e.g. Genesis 30:11
- 2. n.pr.m. god of fortune (Arabic جَدّ WeSkizzen iii. 171; גד named often in Ph. & Aramaic inscript., & found in Ph. & Aramaic n.pr., BaeRel 76 f. NöZMG 1888, 479; v. especially SiegfJPTh 1875, 356 ff.)—c. לְ + art. לַגַּד Is 65:11 cf. Che. e.g. Isaiah 65:11
Senses from the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon (Brown, Driver, Briggs; Oxford 1906 — public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). Full attribution on Sources.
Word origin
n.m. coriander (NH גִּיד, Aramaic גִּידָּא; connexion with above √ dub.; v. further LöwNo. 155)—זֶרַע גַּד Ex 16:31 Nu 11:7, sim. of manna.
— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.
Derived from גוד (gûwd) (H1464) — to attack.
Jastrow Dictionary
A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.
גד
- , v. גדד a. נגד.
גָּד
- Gad
- 1. son of Jacob. Gen. R. s. 71; a. fr.—תנאי בני גד, v. תְּנַאי
- 2. the prophet in the days of David. B. Bath. 15ᵃ דאסקיה ג׳ החוזה וכ׳ Gad, the seer, and Nathan, the prophet, continued the Book of Samuel (from XXVIII, 3; Ms. O. דאתא ג׳ … וסיימוה).
גַּד I
- (גדד, cmp. חד) [cutting,] bitter, acrid. Ex. R. s. 5 (ref. to Num. XI, 7) מר וגד bitter and acrid. Targ. B’shall., ed. Bub. 21 גד ולענה (read כלענה; Yalk. Ex. 258 מר כלע׳).—Pl. גַּדִּים, גַּדִּין, גְּדָדִין. Gen. R. s. 71 (play on Gaddi, Num. XIII, 11) [read:] גְּדָדִין ומררין acrid and bitter (people); Yalk. Gen. 126 כגידין מררין, v. גִּידָּא II; Yalk. Ezra 1067 בר גדי (corr. acc.). [גדין, Targ. Y. Num. XXII, 7 Ar. s. v. גדין, read אִגְּרִין.] e.g. Numbers 11:7
גַּד II
- a rounded-off seed grain, coriander, (in Talm. a. Midr.) linseed. Yoma 75ᵃ (ref. to Ex. XVI, 7) עגול כגִידָּא וכ׳ the manna resembled a grain by its rounded shape, and a pearl by its white color; even so it has been taught גד שדומה לזרע וכ׳ the word gad (grain) is used, because the manna resembled linseed; Yalk. Ex. 261; Num. 734. Mekh. B’shall., Vayassa, 5 (ref. to Ex. l. c.) איני יודע של מי דומה I do not know to which the comparison refers (to shape or to color); … דומה לזרע וכ׳ it resembles (in form) linseed: but you might think &c., ת"ל לבן therefore ‘white’ is added. e.g. Exodus 16:7
גָּד ²
- 1. decree, fate, esp. Gad (Fortune), a god worshipped by the Babylonians and the Jewish exiles. Snh. 63ᵇ ג׳ נמי מיכתב כתיב Gad is also one of the names of idols mentioned in the Bible. Sabb. 67ᵇ ג׳ אינו אלא לשון ע"א Gad is nothing else than a designation of an idol, v. next w.
- 2. גַּד יָוָן pr. n. Gad Yavan (Greek Fortune) near Jerusalem. Zab. I, 5 כְּמִן ג׳ י׳ לשילוה as long as it takes from G. Y. to Siloah; Tosef. ib. I, 10 כְּמִגַּדְיָוָן לשילה; Snh. 63ᵇ כְּמִיגַּדְיָוָן לשילה (corr. acc.)—[Gad Yavan is prob. the name of a pool connected with the Siloah, perh. Fount of the Virgin, v. Sm. Bible Dict. s. v. Siloam.] [Toh. VI, 6; Erub. 22ᵇ בית גד גד, v. גִּלְגּוּל.]
גָּד ³
- , luck; genius, godhead. Targ. O. Gen. XXX, 11 גָּד; Y. II גַּדָּא (not גֵּרָא). Targ. Esth. VIII, 15 גַּדָּא (not גָּדָא).—Gen. R. s. 71 ג׳ דביתא the good genius of the house. Sabb. 67ᵇ גד גַּרִּי וסינוק לא (Ms. M. צינוק), a charm formula supposed to mean, Be lucky, my luck, and tire not (prob. Grow, my luck &c., v. נְגַד). Ḥull. 40ᵃ לג׳ דהר to the godhead of the mountain. Ned. 56ᵃ (explain. דרגש) ערסא דג׳ the bed reserved for the domestic genius (bed of state). Y. Ab. Zar. I, 39ᵈ top לגַרֵּיה וכ׳, v. ארקליס. Gen. R. s. 65 ג׳ דע"ז דאת קאים [ביה] by the idolatrous godhead by whom thou standest, i.e. to whom thou referrest in saying, ‘Let my father rise’ (Gen. XXVII, 31). Y. Sabb. XVI, end, 15ᵈ; Y. Yoma VIII, 45ᵇ; Y. Ned. IV, 38ᵈ בגַדָּךְ מדלי (not בגרך) doest thou rely upon thy good luck? Koh. R. to VII, 26 מה ביש ג׳ וכ׳ how bad is this woman’s (my) luck!; a. fr.—Pl. גַּדַּיָּיא, גַּדַּיָּא. Y. Ab. Zar. III, 43ᵃ bot. ג׳ קורין אותה גליא a place called Gaddaya is cacophemistically named Gallaya (dung-hills); Tosef. ib. VI (VII), 4 גדגיא ed. Zuck. (ed. גריא, corr. acc.). e.g. Genesis 27:31
A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.
Forms in the corpus
The 2 distinct written forms H1409 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that state’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.
| Form | Parsing | Example | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|
| ב/גד | Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Genesis 30:11 | 1 |
| גָ֑ד | Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Genesis 30:11 | 1 |
Same root — word family
Other BDB entries built from the same root as H1409, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derives from
Shares the same root
Proper names from this root
People and places named from this root — a name, not an additional meaning of the word.
Compare all same-root words → Showing 4 of 8 — not the complete family. 4 of the same-root words are proper names (people or places). They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint verse parallels
This word appears in 1 verse that also exists in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 1 Hebrew verse it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.
Read these verses in the Septuagint
This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.
