וְאֵת֙ בַּ֣ת הַֽיַּעֲנָ֔ה וְאֶת הַתַּחְמָ֖ס וְאֶת הַשָּׁ֑חַף וְאֶת הַנֵּ֖ץ לְמִינֵֽהוּ
the horned owl, the screech owl, and the gull, any kind of hawk,
World English Bible · Public Domain
the horned owl, the screech owl, and the gull, any kind of hawk,
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the horned owl, the screech owl, and the gull, any kind of hawk,
And the owl, and the night hawk, and the cuckoo, and the hawk after his kind,
and the daughter of clamor and the owl and the gull and the hawk of its kind
unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult).
Every available English version of this verse, each an independent rendering of the whole verse.
the horned owl, the screech owl, and the gull, any kind of hawk,
the ostrich, the screech owl, the gull, any kind of hawk,
the ostrich, the screech owl, the gull, any kind of hawk,
And the owl, and the night hawk, and the cuckoo, and the hawk after his kind,
and the ostrich, and the night-hawk, and the seamew, and the hawk after its kind,
and the ostrich, and the night hawk, and the seamew, and the hawk after its kind;
The ostrich also, and the night crowe, and the seameaw, and the hauke after his kinde:
The ostrich, and the owl, and the larus, and the hawk according to its kind.
and the owl, and the night-hawk, and the cuckoo, and the hawk after its kind,
and the ostrich, and the nightjar [[or male ostrich]], and the seagull, and the hawk after its kind,
the horned owl and the screech owl, the seagull, and any kind of hawk.
and the daughter of clamor and the owl and the gull and the hawk of its kind
and the female ostrich and the male ostrich, and the sea-gull, and the hawk, after its kind;
the horned owl, the screech owl, the gull, any kind of hawk,
And the owl, and the night-hawk, and the cuckow, and the hawk after his kind,
tawny owl, long-eared owl, gulls, any kind of hawk,
And the ostrich and the night-hawk and the sea-hawk, and birds of that sort;
and the ostrich, and the night-hawk, and the sea-mew, and the hawk after its kinds;
Literal Standard Version (2020), Covenant Press — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). Unlocked Literal Bible (unfoldingWord) — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult). Free Bible Version, Dr. Jonathan Gallagher — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org).
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These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →
Notable vocabulary
The rarest word here is הַתַּחְמָ֖ס owl H8464 — appearing just 2 times in the whole Hebrew Bible.
First appearance in Scripture
These words make their first canonical appearance in the Hebrew Bible here:
Shared distinctive vocabulary
הַתַּחְמָ֖ס owl H8464 occurs in 2 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:
Grammatical profile
Hebrew & Septuagint length
In English translation the verse runs 13 words from the Hebrew and 14 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.
A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.
Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.
In the original languages it is 10 Hebrew tokens and 16 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.
Topical passages linked to Leviticus 11:16 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.
Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).
The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.
These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.
וְאֵת֙ בַּ֣ת הַֽיַּעֲנָ֔ה וְאֶת הַתַּחְמָ֖ס וְאֶת הַשָּׁ֑חַף וְאֶת הַנֵּ֖ץ לְמִינֵֽהוּ
the horned owl, the screech owl, and the gull, any kind of hawk,
World English Bible · Public Domain
καί στρουθός καί γλαύξ καί λάρος καί ὁ ὅμοιος αὐτός καί ἱέραξ καί ὁ ὅμοιος αὐτός
and every raven, and the birds like it, and the hawk and his like,
LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain
On this verse, The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges discusses the Septuagint’s reading. Read the note in Commentary ↓
Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →
The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.
וְיָת בַּת נַעֲמִיתָא וְצִיצָא וְצִפַּר שַׁחְפָא וְנָצָא לִזְנוֹהִי
(no public-domain English translation for this verse)
Targum Onkelos — Aramaic: “Onkelos Genesis” (public domain); “Onkelos Exodus” (public domain); “Onkelos Leviticus” (public domain); “Onkelos Numbers” (public domain); “Onkelos Deuteronomy” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “J.W. Etheridge. The Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan Ben Uzziel on the Pentateuch. London: Longmans, Green, 1862” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.
וְיַת בַּת נַעֲמִיתָא וְיַת חַטְפִיתָא וְיַת צִיפַּר שַׁחְפָא וְיַת בַּר נְצָצָא לִזְנֵיהּ
and the ostrich, and the night raven, and the gull, and the hawk after his kind,
Targum Pseudo-Jonathan — Aramaic: “Targum Jonathan on Genesis” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Exodus” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Leviticus” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Numbers” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Deuteronomy” (public domain). English: “The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, trans. J. W. Etheridge, London, 1862” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.
Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.
Leviticus, in the Pentateuch, opens this verse with 10 words (7 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is tachmâç (“owl”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.
Commentary
Notes on Leviticus 11:16 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.
Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →
Trapp's Complete Commentary
John Trapp
John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
Geneva Bible (1599)
Geneva Bible translators
Geneva Bible (1599) marginal notes — public domain. Text via Bolls.life.
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown — Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.
Adam Clarke's Commentary
Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible (1810–1826) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.
Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers
A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne
The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
John Gill's Exposition
John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.
Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary
George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), Haydock's Catholic Family Bible and Commentary, 1859 edition — public domain. Excludes Psalms (Douay-Rheims chapter numbering differs from Protestant) and Deuterocanonical books (Catholic canon only).
Matthew Poole's English Annotations
Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.
Whedon's Commentary on the Bible
Daniel D. Whedon
Daniel D. Whedon (gen. ed.), Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1874–1909) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
Keil & Delitzsch
C. F. Keil & F. Delitzsch
Keil & Delitzsch — Biblical Commentary on the Old Testament (1861–1891) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API. (Old Testament only.)
Rashi
Rabbi Shlomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)
Rashi on the Tanakh — English translations: “The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg” (CC BY 4.0); “Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934” (public domain); “The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J” (CC BY 4.0); and “The Book of Joshua, Metsudah Publications, 1997” (CC BY 4.0). Text via Sefaria.