וַתָּ֖מָת עֲזוּבָ֑ה וַיִּֽקַּֽח ל֤וֹ כָלֵב֙ אֶת אֶפְרָ֔ת וַתֵּ֥לֶד ל֖וֹ אֶת חֽוּר
Azubah died, and Caleb took to him Ephrath, who bore him Hur.
World English Bible · Public Domain
1 Chronicles 2:19
Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex) 1 Chronicles 2:19 appears in the Hebrew Old Testament. The text above is from the Westminster Leningrad Codex. Each word links to its Strong’s number, a concise gloss, and parsing drawn from the Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible morphology. Click any word for its full Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB) entry.
English Translation
Azubah died, and Caleb took to him Ephrath, who bore him Hur.
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Compare translations 3
The same verse in 3 English versions, stacked beneath the original-language interlinear above. Click any original word for its lexicon entry.
Each is an independent rendering of the whole verse — the interlinear is not word-aligned to these translations.
Highlighted words mark where these versions differ — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment.
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World English Bible Public Domain
Azubah died, and Caleb took to him Ephrath, who bore him Hur.
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King James Version Public Domain
And when Azubah was dead, Caleb took unto him Ephrath, which bare him Hur.
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unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
And Azubah died, and Caleb took for himself Ephrath. And she bore Hur to him.
unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult).
Show all 18 translations
Every available English version of this verse, each an independent rendering of the whole verse.
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World English Bible Public Domain
Azubah died, and Caleb took to him Ephrath, who bore him Hur.
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Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
When Azubah died, Caleb married Ephrath, who bore to him Hur.
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Majority Standard Bible Public Domain
When Azubah died, Caleb married Ephrath, who bore to him Hur.
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King James Version Public Domain
And when Azubah was dead, Caleb took unto him Ephrath, which bare him Hur.
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American Standard Version (1901) Public Domain
And Azubah died, and Caleb took unto him Ephrath, who bare him Hur.
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Revised Version (1885) Public Domain
And Azubah died, and Caleb took unto him Ephrath, which bare him Hur.
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Geneva Bible (1599) Public Domain
And when Azubah was dead, Caleb tooke vnto him Ephrath, which bare him Hur.
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Douay-Rheims (1899) Public Domain
And when Azuba was dead, Caleb took to wife Ephrata: who bore him Hur.
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Young's Literal Translation Public Domain
And Azubah dieth, and Caleb taketh to him Ephrath, and she beareth to him Hur.
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Literal Standard Version CC BY-SA 4.0
And Azubah dies, and Caleb takes Ephrath to himself, and she bears Hur to him.
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Unlocked Literal Bible CC BY-SA 4.0
Azubah died, and then Caleb married Ephrath, who bore him Hur.
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unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
And Azubah died, and Caleb took for himself Ephrath. And she bore Hur to him.
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Darby Bible Public Domain
And Azubah died, and Caleb took him Ephrath, and she bore him Hur.
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World Messianic Bible Public Domain
Azubah died, and Caleb married Ephrath, who bore him Hur.
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Webster's Bible Public Domain
And when Azubah was dead, Caleb took to him Ephrath, who bore to him Hur,
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Free Bible Version CC BY-SA 4.0
When Azubah died, Caleb took Ephrath to be his wife, and she bore him Hur.
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Bible in Basic English Public Domain
And after the death of Azubah, Caleb took as his wife Ephrath, who was the mother of Hur.
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JPS Tanakh (1917) Public Domain
And Azubah died, and Caleb took unto him Ephrath, who bore him Hur.
Literal Standard Version (2020), Covenant Press — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). Unlocked Literal Bible (unfoldingWord) — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult). Free Bible Version, Dr. Jonathan Gallagher — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org).
Word by word
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עֲזוּבָ֑ה
ʻĂzûwbâh
H5806
“Azubah”
Noun, Proper
- Appears 4× in the Hebrew Bible
- First appears at 1 Kings 22:42
- Part of Speech
- Noun
- Type
- Proper
Full BDB Definition
Azubah = "forsaken"
- wife of Caleb, the son of Hezron
- daughter of Shilhi, wife of king Asa, and mother of king Jehoshaphat of Judah
- וַתָּ֖מָת mûwth H4191 “and · to die” Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Feminine, Singular
- עֲזוּבָ֑ה ʻĂzûwbâh H5806 “Azubah” Noun, Proper
- וַיִּֽקַּֽח lâqach H3947 “and · to take” Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
- כָלֵב֙ Kâlêb H3612 “Caleb” Noun, Proper
- אֶת ʼêth H853 “-” Particle, Direct Object
- אֶפְרָ֔ת ʼEphrâth H672 “Ephrath” Noun, Proper
- וַתֵּ֥לֶד yâlad H3205 “and · to bear” Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Feminine, Singular
- אֶת ʼêth H853 “-” Particle, Direct Object
- חֽוּר Chûwr H2354 “Hur” Noun, Proper
About this verse
These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →
- 11
- words
- 8
- distinct lemmas
- Historical
- section
Notable vocabulary
The rarest word here is עֲזוּבָ֑ה Azubah H5806 — appearing just 4 times in the whole Hebrew Bible.
Shared distinctive vocabulary
עֲזוּבָ֑ה Azubah H5806 occurs in 4 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:
Grammatical profile
- 3 verbs
- 4 nouns
- 2 prepositions
- 2 particles
Verb forms
- וַתָּ֖מָת Qal · Sequential Imperfect
- וַיִּֽקַּֽח Qal · Sequential Imperfect
- וַתֵּ֥לֶד Qal · Sequential Imperfect
Hebrew & Septuagint length
In English translation the verse runs 12 words from the Hebrew and 15 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.
A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.
Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.
In the original languages it is 11 Hebrew tokens and 14 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.
Cross-references
4Topical passages linked to 1 Chronicles 2:19 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.
- 1 Chronicles 2:50 These were the sons of Caleb, the son of Hur, the firstborn of Ephrathah: Shobal the father of Kiriath Jearim,
- 1 Chronicles 2:24 After that Hezron was dead in Caleb Ephrathah, then Abijah Hezron's wife bore him Ashhur the father of Tekoa.
- 1 Chronicles 4:4 and Penuel the father of Gedor, and Ezer the father of Hushah. These are the sons of Hur, the firstborn of Ephrathah, the father of Bethlehem.
- Micah 5:2 But you, Bethlehem Ephrathah, Being small among the clans of Judah, Out of you one will come forth to me that is to be ruler in Israel; Whose goings forth are from of old, from everlasting.
Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).
Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint
The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.
These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.
καί ἀποθνήσκω γαζουβα καί λαμβάνω ἑαυτοῦ χαλεβ ὁ εφραθ καί τίκτω αὐτός ὁ ωρ
And Gazuba died; and Chaleb took to himself Ephrath, and she bore to him Or.
LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain
Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →
Lesson kit
Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.
1 Chronicles, in the Historical, opens this verse with 11 words (8 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is ʻĂzûwbâh (“Azubah”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.
Discussion questions
- How does “Azubah” (ʻĂzûwbâh) shape what this verse is saying?
- How does 1 Kings 22:42, which shares the word «Azubah», read alongside this verse?
- These translations render this verse differently. What is at stake in choosing one wording over another?
- «וַתָּ֖מָת» is a Qal Sequential Imperfect verb. How does that grammatical form shape the action described?
- Compare how Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers and John Gill's Exposition read this verse. Where do they agree or differ?
Things to notice
- This verse counts 11 Hebrew ↔ 14 Greek words.
- These translations choose different wording for 8 words in this verse.
- 8 distinct Hebrew lemmas span 11 words in this verse.
Commentary
Notes on 1 Chronicles 2:19 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.
Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →
Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers
A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
John Gill's Exposition
John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.
Keil & Delitzsch
C. F. Keil & F. Delitzsch
Keil & Delitzsch — Biblical Commentary on the Old Testament (1861–1891) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API. (Old Testament only.)
Rashi
Rabbi Shlomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)
Rashi on the Tanakh — English translations: “The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg” (CC BY 4.0); “Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934” (public domain); “The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J” (CC BY 4.0); and “The Book of Joshua, Metsudah Publications, 1997” (CC BY 4.0). Text via Sefaria.