רָדַד
to beat down
also: beat out, subdue fuller range ↓
Full lexicon entry — Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
From Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
Where this word appears
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Verb
- An action or state-of-being word.
Stem
- Hiphil
- The causative active stem (“he caused / brought about”).
- Qal
- The basic, simple active stem — the plain form of the verb (“he wrote”).
Form
- Sequential Imperfect
- An imperfect with prefixed waw — the standard past-narrative form (waw-consecutive imperfect).
- Infinitive Construct
- A bound verbal noun, frequently with prepositions (“to write / in writing”).
- Participle Active
- A verbal adjective expressing ongoing or characteristic action (“writing / one who writes”).
- Perfect
- A completed action or state — Hebrew marks aspect (completeness) more than strict tense (“he wrote”).
State
- Absolute
- The independent form of a noun, not bound to a following word.
Person
- 3rd Person
- The one spoken about (“he / she / it / they”).
Gender
- Masculine
- Grammatically masculine.
Number
- Singular
- One.
Every verse where H7286 appears in the Book of Psalms — 1 distinct verse. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Hebrew form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Hebrew Bible; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences are not indexed here.
Psalms
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
At its core, רדד (râdad) means “to beat down.” It is rare — just 4 verses in the entire Hebrew Bible. The word gravitates to Judges (25%), then 1 Kings and Psalms. First canonically at Judges 19:11, it enters the text early. Read the stem: it spans 2 stems, including Qal and Hiphil. Each statement above links to its evidence; the full detail follows below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's H7286 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 4
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 4 distinct verses.
- 4 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 4 of 39 Old Testament books.
- #3,696
- by frequency
- Top 5000 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 3,696 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).
View all 4 occurrences in the concordance →
By section of the Old Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 4 distinct verses.
- Prophets (Nevi'im) 3 verses · 75%
- Writings (Ketuvim) 1 verse · 25%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
- King James Version: Spent 1×, Spread 1×, Subdue 1×
- American Standard Version: He spread 1×, Spent 1×, Subdue 1×
- Berean Standard Bible: Subdue 1×, Subdues 1×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text: Had gone down 1×, He beat out 1×, One subduing 1×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders H7286 across 4 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders H7286 across 4 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders H7286 across 2 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Not rendered by a distinct English word in 1 further occurrence.
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders H7286 across 4 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Senses in the full BDB
Hebrew verbs can shift meaning by stem (binyan): Qal is the basic action, Niphal is often passive or reflexive, Piel often intensifies or makes it factitive, and Hiphil is typically causative. The senses below are grouped under the stem BDB assigns to each.
What do BDB’s symbols mean?
BDB uses these scholarly abbreviations:
| Symbol | Meaning |
|---|---|
| 𝔊 | the Septuagint (the ancient Greek translation, LXX) |
| 𝔙 | the Vulgate (the Latin translation) |
| 𝔖 | the Syriac version (the Peshitta) |
| 𝔗 | the Targum (the Aramaic translation) |
| ψ | the Psalms |
| √ | root (the underlying root or stem) |
| ‖ | parallel passage (a synonymous or contrasted parallel) |
| † | the dagger: every passage where the word occurs is cited |
The 2 senses and sub-senses the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency), with BDB’s own verbatim wording and sub-sense lettering. Shown in Hebrew script with BDB’s own scholarly abbreviations. The condensed entry is in the Lexicon Entry tab. See also the Forms in the corpus table below.
Qal
- , fig., beat down
Hiphil
- . lit. beat out
Senses from the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon (Brown, Driver, Briggs; Oxford 1906 — public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). Full attribution on Sources.
Word origin
[ רָדַד ] vb. beat out, fig. beat down, subdue
— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.
Origin: a primitive root
Jastrow Dictionary
A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.
רָדַד
- (b. h.), Pi. רִדֵּד (cmp. יָרַד) [to lower,] to flatten, stamp, beat. Tosef. M. Kat. I, 4 ומְרַדֵּד (ה)אדמה וכ׳ (Var. ומְרַדֵּיד) and beats the ground under it (to kill the moles); Y. ib. I, 80ᶜ; Bab. ib. 7ᵃ ומְרַדֶּה (Ms. M. ומדדה), v. רָדָה I. Tam. VI, 3 התחיל מרדד ויוצא (Bab. ed. 33ᵃ מְרַדְּדָן) he flattened (spread the heap of coals) and went out. Ib. 2 ורְרָדָן בשולי וכ׳ (or ורִרְּדָן) and spread them with the rim of the pan. Sabb. 103ᵃ מְרַרְּדֵי טסי משכן those beating the gold foils for the Tabernacle; Tosef. ib. XI (XII), 2; a. e.—Part. pass. מְרוּדָּד; pl. מְרוּדָּדִין. Y. Erub. VII, 24ᶜ top אם היה התבן מר׳ if the pile of straw is reduced (spread). Ḥull. 46ᵃ כזית מר׳ if the olive’s size that is left of the liver looks like beaten (ragged). Ib. 124ᵇ במר׳ when the piece of meat is ragged (the two parts, each of half an olive’s size, connected by a strip). Mikv. VII, 7 מקוה שמימיו מר׳ a bathing tank the water of which is shallow (and spread, and can be made deeper by damming). Ohol. VII, 2 מקצתו מר׳ על הארץ part of the tent canvas flat on the ground; מר׳ על הארובה stretched flat over the sky-light.
רְדַד
- , to beat, stamp, stretch. Targ. Ps. CXXXVI, 6.—Part. pass. רָרִיד; pl. רְרִידִין. Targ. O. Num. XVII, 3 ed. Berl. (oth. ed. רַדִּידִין).
- same. Targ. Ex. XXXIX, 3. Targ. Num. XVII, 4. Targ. Ps. CXLIV, 2.—B. Mets. 83ᵇ רַרּוּדֵי ר׳ he has been hammering (metal, during the night).
- to become thin, slender. Ned. 61ᵇ ענבים נמי כי מִירַדְּדָן וכ׳ grapes, likewise, when their stems are thin, can be nipped off with the hand (without a pruning knife).
רֶדֶד
- (preced.) that part of the canvas which lies flat on the ground. Tosef. Ohol. VIII, 1 כזית … תחת הר׳ (not על) an olive’s size of a corpse which lies under the flat canvas.
A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.
Forms in the corpus
The 4 distinct written forms H7286 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that stem’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.
| Form | Parsing | Example | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|
| הָ/רוֹדֵ֖ד | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Psalms 144:2 | 1 |
| וַ/יָּ֛רֶד | Verb, Hiphil, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular | 1 Kings 6:32 | 1 |
| לְ/רַד | Verb, Qal, Infinitive Construct | Isaiah 45:1 | 1 |
| רַ֣ד | Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular | Judges 19:11 | 1 |
Same root — word family
Other BDB entries built from the same root as H7286, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derived from this word
Compare all same-root words → They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint verse parallels
This word appears in 4 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 4 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.
Read these verses in the Septuagint
This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.
