Genesis 46:13

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex)

English Translation

The sons of Issachar: Tola, Puvah, Iob, and Shimron.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Highlights

1 hapax legomenon — only here in the Hebrew Bible
4 first appearances in the Hebrew Bible
Septuagint runs longer here — compare

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וְי֥וֹב

Yôwb

H3102

“and · Job”

Conjunction + Noun, Proper

Appears 1× in the Hebrew Bible
First appears here

Full BDB Definition

Origin: perhaps a form of H3103 , but more probably by erroneous transcription for H3437

TWOT: None

Job = "persecuted" - the 3rd son of Issachar also called 'Jashub'

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

6: words
6: distinct lemmas
Pentateuch: section

Notable vocabulary

1 hapax legomenon — a word that appears only here in the entire Hebrew Bible:

וְי֥וֹב Job H3102

First appearance in Scripture

These words make their first canonical appearance in the Hebrew Bible here:

תּוֹלָ֥ע worm H8439
וּפֻוָּ֖ה Puah H6312
וְי֥וֹב Job H3102
וְשִׁמְרֽוֹן Shimron H8110

Shared distinctive vocabulary

וּפֻוָּ֖ה Puah H6312 occurs in 4 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

6 nouns

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 9 words from the Hebrew and 21 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — the Septuagint runs noticeably longer here. See the side-by-side →

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 6 Hebrew tokens and 10 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

Topical passages linked to Genesis 46:13 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

1 Chronicles 12:32 Of the children of Issachar, men who had understanding of the times, to know what Israel ought to do, the heads of them were two hundred; and all their brothers were at their commandment.
Genesis 30:14–18 Reuben went in the days of wheat harvest, and found mandrakes in the field, and brought them to his mother, Leah. Then Rachel said to Leah, "Please give me some of your son's mandrakes."
Genesis 35:23 The sons of Leah: Reuben (Jacob's firstborn), Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar, and Zebulun.
Genesis 49:14–15 "Issachar is a strong donkey, Lying down between the saddlebags.
Numbers 1:8 Of Issachar: Nethanel the son of Zuar.
Numbers 1:28–30 Of the children of Issachar, their generations, by their families, by their fathers' houses, according to the number of the names, from twenty years old and upward, all who were able to go out to war;
Numbers 26:23–25 The sons of Issachar after their families: [of] Tola, the family of the Tolaites; of Puvah, the family of the Punites;
Deuteronomy 33:18 Of Zebulun he said, Rejoice, Zebulun, in your going out; Issachar, in your tents.

1 Chronicles 2:1 These are the sons of Israel: Reuben, Simeon, Levi, and Judah, Issachar, and Zebulun,
1 Chronicles 7:1–5 Of the sons of Issachar: Tola, and Puah, Jashub, and Shimron, four.

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

Here the Septuagint runs noticeably longer than the Hebrew — LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) 21 words vs World English Bible 9. A rough length comparison of the two English translations, not a word-level alignment — read both below.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew Genesis 46:13 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

וּבְנֵ֖י יִשָׂשכָ֑ר תּוֹלָ֥ע וּפֻוָּ֖ה וְי֥וֹב וְשִׁמְרֽוֹן

The sons of Issachar: Tola, Puvah, Iob, and Shimron.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX Genesis 46:13 Septuagint · lemma form

υἱός δέ ισσαχαρ θωλα καί φουα καί ιασουβ καί ζαμβραμ

And the sons of Phares were Esron, and Jemuel. And the sons of Issachar; Thola, and Phua, and Asum, and Sambran.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

On this verse, The Pulpit Commentary discusses the Septuagint’s reading. Read the note in Commentary ↓

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

Targum Onkelos Torah (Genesis–Deuteronomy)

וּבְנֵי יִשָּׂשכָר תּוֹלָע וּפֻוָּה וְיוֹב וְשִׁמְרוֹן

(no public-domain English translation for this verse)

Targum Onkelos — Aramaic: “Onkelos Genesis” (public domain); “Onkelos Exodus” (public domain); “Onkelos Leviticus” (public domain); “Onkelos Numbers” (public domain); “Onkelos Deuteronomy” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “J.W. Etheridge. The Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan Ben Uzziel on the Pentateuch. London: Longmans, Green, 1862” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.
Targum Pseudo-Jonathan Torah (Genesis–Deuteronomy)

וּבְנוֹי דְיִשָשׁכָר חַכִּימִין וּמָרֵי חוּשְׁבְּנָא וְשׁוּמְהוֹן תּוֹלָע וּפֻוָה וְיוֹב וְשִׁמְרוֹן

The sons of Issakar, sages, and masters of reasoning, their names were Tola, Phua, Job, and Shimron.

Targum Pseudo-Jonathan — Aramaic: “Targum Jonathan on Genesis” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Exodus” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Leviticus” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Numbers” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Deuteronomy” (public domain). English: “The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, trans. J. W. Etheridge, London, 1862” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on Genesis 46:13 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(13) Issachar has four sons:

Num_26:23-24. 1Ch_7:1.

Tola,Tola,Tola,Phuvah,Pua,Puah,Job,Jashiib,Jaehub,Shimron.Shimron.Shimrom.

A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

13. As in Num_26:20 f.

Tola] The judge of this name in Jdg_10:1 is also “the son of Puah,” and of the tribe of Issachar, a resemblance which can hardly be accidental.

Puvah … Iob] In 1Ch_7:1, Puah, Jashub. See Num_26:23-24. Observe that Iob (= Yôb) is a different name from Job (= ’Iyyôb) in Job_1:1 ff.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Gill's Exposition

And the sons of Gad,.... A son of Jacob by Zilpah, Leah's maid; for the historian, before he proceeds to give an account of his sons by Rachel, finishes the account of all his sons by Leah and her maid:

Ziphion, and Haggi, Shuni, and Ezbon, and Eri, and Arodi, and Areli; in all seven; the same number is given, and in the same order, Num 26:15.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

The Pulpit Commentary

And the sons of Issachar; Tola, Scarlet" (Gesenius)and Phuvah, (Gesenius)and Job, perhaps an incorrect reading for Jashub ("Turning Oneself"), as in Num_26:24; 1Ch_7:1 (Gesenius) which the LXX adoptsand Shimron, (Gesenius).

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

Genesis, in the Pentateuch, opens this verse with 6 words (6 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is Yôwb (“Job”). The Greek Septuagint runs longer here. A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

How does “Job” (Yôwb) shape what this verse is saying?
This verse holds 1 word here found nowhere else in the Hebrew Bible. What might the rare word draw attention to?
4 words here appear for the first time in Scripture. What is being introduced at this debut?
Numbers 26:23 shares the word «Puah» with this verse. How do the two illuminate each other?
Compared with the Hebrew, the Septuagint runs longer here. What questions does that raise?
The translations on this page render this verse differently — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment. What might account for the different wordings?
Reading how Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers and The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges read this verse, where do the two commentators agree and where do they part?

Things to notice

1 word in this verse appears nowhere else in the Hebrew Bible.
4 words make their first canonical appearance in Scripture here.
This verse counts 6 Hebrew ↔ 10 Greek words.
These translations choose different wording for 4 words in this verse.
6 distinct Hebrew lemmas span 6 words in this verse.