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Genesis 11:12

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex) Genesis 11:12 appears in the Hebrew Old Testament. The text above is from the Westminster Leningrad Codex. Each word links to its Strong’s number, a concise gloss, and parsing drawn from the Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible morphology. Click any word for its full Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB) entry.
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Genesis 11:12 (World English Bible). Public Domain. Lemma interlinear Bible study tool, https://lemma.gebible.app/v/genesis/11/12.

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English Translation
Arpachshad lived thirty-five years, and became the father of Shelah.
World English Bible · Public Domain
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Compare translations 3

The same verse in 3 English versions, stacked beneath the original-language interlinear above. Click any original word for its lexicon entry.

Each is an independent rendering of the whole verse — the interlinear is not word-aligned to these translations.

Highlighted words mark where these versions differ — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    Arpachshad lived thirty-five years, and became the father of Shelah.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    And Arphaxad lived five and thirty years, and begat Salah:
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    And Arpachshad lived thirty-five years, then he fathered Shelah.

unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult).

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Show all 18 translations

Every available English version of this verse, each an independent rendering of the whole verse.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    Arpachshad lived thirty-five years, and became the father of Shelah.
  • Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
    When Arphaxad was 35 years old, he became the father of Shelah.
  • Majority Standard Bible Public Domain
    When Arphaxad was 35 years old, he became the father of Shelah.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    And Arphaxad lived five and thirty years, and begat Salah:
  • American Standard Version (1901) Public Domain
    And Arpachshad lived five and thirty years, and begat Shelah.
  • Revised Version (1885) Public Domain
    And Arpachshad lived five and thirty years, and begat Shelah:
  • Geneva Bible (1599) Public Domain
    Also Arpachshad liued fiue and thirtie yeeres, and begate Shelah.
  • Douay-Rheims (1899) Public Domain
    And Arphaxad lived thirty-five years, and begot Sale.
  • Young's Literal Translation Public Domain
    And Arphaxad hath lived five and thirty years, and begetteth Salah.
  • Literal Standard Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    And Arphaxad has lived thirty-five years [[or one hundred and thirty-five years]], and begets Salah.
  • Unlocked Literal Bible CC BY-SA 4.0
    When Arphaxad had lived thirty-five years, he became the father of Shelah.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    And Arpachshad lived thirty-five years, then he fathered Shelah.
  • Darby Bible Public Domain
    And Arphaxad lived thirty-five years, and begot Shelah.
  • World Messianic Bible Public Domain
    Arpachshad lived thirty-five years and became the father of Shelah.
  • Webster's Bible Public Domain
    And Arphaxad lived five and thirty years, and begat Salah.
  • Free Bible Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    When Arphaxad was 35, he had Shelah.
  • Bible in Basic English Public Domain
    And Arpachshad was thirty-five years old when he became the father of Shelah:
  • JPS Tanakh (1917) Public Domain
    And Arpachshad lived five and thirty years, and begot Shelah.

Literal Standard Version (2020), Covenant Press — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). Unlocked Literal Bible (unfoldingWord) — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult). Free Bible Version, Dr. Jonathan Gallagher — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org).

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About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

8
words
8
distinct lemmas
Pentateuch
section

Notable vocabulary

The rarest word here is וְאַרְפַּכְשַׁ֣ד Arphaxad H775 — appearing just 9 times in the whole Hebrew Bible.

Shared distinctive vocabulary

וְאַרְפַּכְשַׁ֣ד Arphaxad H775 occurs in 9 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

  • 2 verbs
  • 3 nouns
  • 2 adjectives
  • 1 particle

Verb forms

  • חַ֔י Qal · Perfect
  • וַיּ֖וֹלֶד Hiphil · Sequential Imperfect

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 10 words from the Hebrew and 11 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 8 Hebrew tokens and 11 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

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Cross-references

1

Topical passages linked to Genesis 11:12 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

  • Luke 3:36 the son of Cainan, the son of Arphaxad, the son of Shem, the son of Noah, the son of Lamech,

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew Genesis 11:12 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

וְאַרְפַּכְשַׁ֣ד חַ֔י חָמֵ֥שׁ וּשְׁלֹשִׁ֖ים שָׁנָ֑ה וַיּ֖וֹלֶד אֶת שָֽׁלַח

Arpachshad lived thirty-five years, and became the father of Shelah.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX Genesis 11:12 Septuagint · lemma form

καί ζάω αρφαξαδ ἑκατόν τριάκοντα πέντε ἔτος καί γεννάω ὁ καιναν

And Arphaxad lived one hundred and thirty-five years, and begot Cainan.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

On this verse, Adam Clarke's Commentary discusses the Septuagint’s reading. Read the note in Commentary ↓

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

2

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

  1. Targum Onkelos Torah (Genesis–Deuteronomy)
    וְאַרְפַּכְשַׁד חֲיָא תְּלָתִין וַחֲמֵשׁ שְׁנִין וְאוֹלִיד יָת שָׁלַח

    And Arphaxad lived thirty and five years, and begat Shelach.

    Targum Onkelos — Aramaic: “Onkelos Genesis” (public domain); “Onkelos Exodus” (public domain); “Onkelos Leviticus” (public domain); “Onkelos Numbers” (public domain); “Onkelos Deuteronomy” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “J.W. Etheridge. The Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan Ben Uzziel on the Pentateuch. London: Longmans, Green, 1862” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

  2. Targum Pseudo-Jonathan Torah (Genesis–Deuteronomy)
    וְאַרְפַּכְשַׁד חֲיָא תְּלָתִין וַחֲמֵשׁ שְׁנִין וְאוֹלִיד יַת שֶׁלַח

    And Arphakshad lived thirty and five years, and begat Shelach.

    Targum Pseudo-Jonathan — Aramaic: “Targum Jonathan on Genesis” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Exodus” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Leviticus” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Numbers” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Deuteronomy” (public domain). English: “The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, trans. J. W. Etheridge, London, 1862” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on Genesis 11:12 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Trapp's Complete Commentary

John Trapp

Gen 11:12 And Arphaxad lived five and thirty years, and begat Salah:

Ver. 12. And begat Salah.] Cainan, say the seventy interpreters, but not according to the Hebrew verity. See for this the note on {See Trapp on "Luk 3:36"}

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Adam Clarke's Commentary

Verse 12. And Arphaxad lived] The Septuagint bring in here a second Cainan, with an addition of one hundred and thirty years. St. Luke follows the Septuagint, and brings in the same person in the same way. But the Hebrew text, both here and in 1Ch 1:1-28, is perfectly silent on this subject, and the best chronologists have agreed in rejecting this as a spurious generation.

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible (1810–1826) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

12. Shelah] LXX inserts “Cainan” before “Shelah”; and states that “Cainan lived 130 years, and begat Shelah, and lived after he begat Shelah 330 years.”

The additional name of Cainan equalizes the list of names with that in chap. 5. But it is also omitted in the parallel list of 1Ch_1:24. And it is suspicious that the figures are the same as those of Shelah (in the LXX).

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Gill's Exposition

And Arphaxad lived thirty five years, and begat Salah. Arphaxad is the first on record that had a son born to him so early; of Salah; see Gill on Gen 10:24.

.

Genesis 11:13

gen 11:13

gen 11:13

gen 11:13And Arphaxad lived, after he begat Salah, four hundred and three years,.... In all four hundred and thirty eight; the Vulgate Latin wrongly reads, three hundred and three:

and begat sons and daughters; not mentioned by name: he died, as the above Arabic writer (z) says, in the month Nisan, A. M. 2696; and a Jewish writer (a) says he died in the forty eighth year of Isaac, and who also says (b), that in his days they began to build the city of Babel.

(z) Apud Ibid. p. 260. (a) R. Gedaliah, ut supra. (Shalshalet, fol. 1. 2.) (b) Ib. fol. 75. 1.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary

Sale, or Cainan. See Chap. x. 24; Chronicles i. 18, in the Septuagint. (Haydock)

George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), Haydock's Catholic Family Bible and Commentary, 1859 edition — public domain. Excludes Psalms (Douay-Rheims chapter numbering differs from Protestant) and Deuterocanonical books (Catholic canon only).

The Pulpit Commentary

Vers. 12, 13. And Arphaxad lived five and thirty years (the first indication of a change having transpired upon human life after the Flood, the average age of paternity prior to that event being 117, the earliest 65, and the latest 187), and begat Salah. Shalach, literally, emission, or the sending forth, of water, a memorial of the Flood (Bochart); or of an arrow or dart. (vide Gen_10:24) And Arphaxad lived after he begat Salah four hundred and three years (making a total of 438, i.e. 339 years less than the youngest complete life in the prediluvian table, Enoch"s, of course, being excepted, and 162 less than Shem"s: a second indication of the shortening of the period of existence), and begat sons and daughters.

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

unfoldingWord translationNotes

Door43 World Missions Community

he became the father of Shelah

"his son Shelah was born"

Shelah

man's name (See: How to Translate Names)

403 years

"four hundred and three years" (See: Numbers)

translationWords

ancestor

unfoldingWord translationNotes — © Distant Shores Media and the Door43 World Missions Community, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Source: git.door43.org/Door43/en_tn.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

Genesis, in the Pentateuch, opens this verse with 8 words (8 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is ʼArpakshad (“Arphaxad”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

  1. The word ʼArpakshad carries the sense “Arphaxad.” How does it shape the verse?
  2. How does Genesis 10:22, which shares the word «Arphaxad», read alongside this verse?
  3. These translations render this verse differently. What is at stake in choosing one wording over another?
  4. «חַ֔י» is a Qal Perfect verb. How does that grammatical form shape the action described?
  5. Compare how Trapp's Complete Commentary and Adam Clarke's Commentary read this verse. Where do they agree or differ?

Things to notice

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English shown for the Greek Septuagint (in the Hebrew ↔ Greek comparison).

Comparing translations? Open the Compare panel on any verse page to stack up to four side by side.