דָּגַל
to look
‘to look’ is one of 2 main senses fuller range ↓
Full lexicon entry — Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
From Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
Where this word appears
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Verb
- An action or state-of-being word.
Stem
- Niphal
- Usually the simple passive or reflexive of the Qal (“he was written”).
- Qal
- The basic, simple active stem — the plain form of the verb (“he wrote”). Here: ‘set up standard in battle’
Form
- Participle Active
- A verbal adjective expressing ongoing or characteristic action (“writing / one who writes”).
- Cohortative
- A first-person volitional form expressing wish or resolve (“let me / let us write”).
- Participle Passive
- A verbal adjective expressing action received (“written”).
State
- Absolute
- The independent form of a noun, not bound to a following word.
Person
- 1st Person
- The speaker (“I / we”).
Gender
- Feminine
- Grammatically feminine.
- Common
- Either gender — not distinguished for this form.
- Masculine
- Grammatically masculine.
Number
- Plural
- More than one (in Hebrew, generally three or more).
- Singular
- One.
Every verse where H1713 appears in the Book of Psalms — 1 distinct verse. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Hebrew form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Hebrew Bible; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences are not indexed here.
Psalms
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
The Hebrew verb דגל centers on the idea of “to look.” The Hebrew Bible uses it only 4 verses. Song of Solomon dominates its distribution — 3 of 4 verses. Its earliest occurrence is Psalms 20:5. Different stems carry different senses — BDB groups them under 2 stems, among them Qal and Niphal. For the data behind this summary, explore the sense tree and the renderings breakdown below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's H1713 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 4
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 4 distinct verses.
- 2 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 2 of 39 Old Testament books.
- #3,696
- by frequency
- Top 5000 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 3,696 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).
View all 4 occurrences in the concordance →
Most concentrated in
- Song of Solomon 3 verses 75%
- Psalms 1 verse 25%
By section of the Old Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 4 distinct verses.
- Writings (Ketuvim) 4 verses · 100%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
BDB lists this Strong’s number as 2 distinct words (homographs). Each count above pools all of them and is not split by sense — see the Senses section below. A low-frequency rendering may belong to a different one of those words, not the primary meaning.
- King James Version†: Army with banners 2×
- American Standard Version†: Army with banners 2×
- Berean Standard Bible†: Outstanding 1×, Raise a banner 1×, Stars in procession 1×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text†: Like bannered armies 2×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders H1713 across 4† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 2 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders H1713 across 4† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 2 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders H1713 across 4† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders H1713 across 5† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 3 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Senses in the full BDB
Hebrew verbs can shift meaning by stem (binyan): Qal is the basic action, Niphal is often passive or reflexive, Piel often intensifies or makes it factitive, and Hiphil is typically causative. The senses below are grouped under the stem BDB assigns to each.
What do BDB’s symbols mean?
BDB uses these scholarly abbreviations:
| Symbol | Meaning |
|---|---|
| 𝔊 | the Septuagint (the ancient Greek translation, LXX) |
| 𝔙 | the Vulgate (the Latin translation) |
| 𝔖 | the Syriac version (the Peshitta) |
| 𝔗 | the Targum (the Aramaic translation) |
| ψ | the Psalms |
| √ | root (the underlying root or stem) |
| ‖ | parallel passage (a synonymous or contrasted parallel) |
| † | the dagger: every passage where the word occurs is cited |
The 2 senses and sub-senses the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency), with BDB’s own verbatim wording and sub-sense lettering. Shown in Hebrew script with BDB’s own scholarly abbreviations. The condensed entry is in the Lexicon Entry tab. See also the Forms in the corpus table below.
דגל I look, behold
דגל II carry, set up standard, banner
Qal
- set up standard in battle
Niphal
- . bannered, supplied with standards
Senses from the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon (Brown, Driver, Briggs; Oxford 1906 — public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). Full attribution on Sources.
Word origin
[ דָּגַל ] vb. look, behold Ct 5:10
[ דָּגַל ] vb. denom. carry, or set up standard, banner
— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.
Origin: a primitive root
Jastrow Dictionary
A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.
דָּגַל I
- Pi. דִּגֵּל, דִּיגֵּל (denom. of דֶּגֶל) to outgeneral, play tricks (cmp. στραταγέω a. καταστραταγέω). Cant. R. to II, 4 (play on ודגלו ib.) אפי׳ אותן הַדִּיגּוּלִין שדִּיגֵּל … באביו even those devices with which Jacob deceived his father.
- same. Sabb. 63ᵃ (play on ודגלו, v. supra) two students המַדְגִּילִים זה לזה וכ׳ who outwit each other with sophistries (Tosaf. to Ab. Zar. 22ᵇ). [Rashi: who form an assembly (דֶּגֶל) for studies, in the absence of a teacher.]
דְּגַל
- Pa. דַּגֵּיל same. Targ. Prov. XVI, 10 לא נְדַגֵּיל פומיה Ar. (ed. נִדְגוּל) his mouth is not tricky (h. text מעל).
דָּגַל II
- part. pass. דָּגוּל, v. דֶּגֶל.—Nif. נִדְגַּל (denom. of דֶּגֶל) to be divided in troops, arranged. Part. pl. f. נִדְגָּלוֹת those arranged in troops, the hosts of heaven. Num. R. s. 2 (ref. to Cant. VI, 4) ובמה אתם כנ׳ and wherein do ye (Israelites) resemble the angels?; Yalk. Cant. 992. e.g. Song of Solomon 6:4
- 1. to put up a flag, to signalize. Tanḥ., ed. Bub., B’midb. 15 (ref. to Cant. II, 4) ולוי הוא מַדְגִּיל עלי אהבה (Tanḥ. ib. 14; Num. R. l. c. מגדיל) Oh, that He would let the flag of love wave over me! e.g. Song of Solomon 2:4
- 2. to arrange an assembly. Sabb. 63ᵃ, v. דָּגַל I.
דֶּגֶל
- (b. h.) troop, division, cohort (cmp. caterva);standard. Cant. R. to II, 4 ודִגְלוֹ Michael and his band (of angels); a. e.—Pl. דְּגָלִים. Num. R. s. 2 והיו כולם עשויים ד׳ ד׳ וכ׳ and all of them (the angels) were arranged in divisions, as it is said (Cant. V, 10) dagul (surrounded by divisions) of a myriad each (with ref. to Ps. LXVIII, 18). Ib. עֲשֵׂה אותם ד׳ וכ׳ divide them into cohorts as they desired (with ref. to Num. II, 2); v. Cant. R. to II, 4; Tanḥ. B’midb. 10.—Ex. R. s. 15 אין ד׳ אלא צבאות d’galim means hosts. Ib. דִּגְלֵי השמים … וד׳ הארץ וכ׳ the heavenly hosts are the angels, the earthly hosts (of the Lord) are Israel. Ib. s. 24, end; a. fr.—Sabb. 5ᵃ; 98ᵃ דומה לדִגְלֵי מדבר resembling the marches of the Israelites in the desert. e.g. Song of Solomon 5:10
A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.
Forms in the corpus
The 3 distinct written forms H1713 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that stem’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.
| Form | Parsing | Example | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|
| כַּ/נִּדְגָּלֽוֹת | Verb, Niphal, Participle Active, Feminine, Plural, Absolute | Song of Solomon 6:4 | 2 |
| דָּג֖וּל | Verb, Qal, Participle Passive, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Song of Solomon 5:10 | 1 |
| נִדְגֹּ֑ל | Verb, Qal, Cohortative, 1st Person, Common, Plural | Psalms 20:5 | 1 |
Same root — word family
Other BDB entries built from the same root as H1713, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derived from this word
Compare all same-root words → They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint verse parallels
This word appears in 4 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 4 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.
Read these verses in the Septuagint
This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.
