Genesis 36:41

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex)

English Translation

chief Oholibamah, chief Elah, chief Pinon,

World English Bible · Public Domain

Highlights

2 first appearances in the Hebrew Bible

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Word by word

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פִּינֹֽן

pîynôn

H6373

“Pinon”

Noun, Proper

Appears 2× in the Hebrew Bible
First appears here

Full BDB Definition

Origin: probably the same as H6325

TWOT: None

Pinon = "darkness" - one of the chiefs of Edom

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

6: words
4: distinct lemmas
Pentateuch: section

Notable vocabulary

The rarest word here is פִּינֹֽן Pinon H6373 — appearing just 2 times in the whole Hebrew Bible.

First appearance in Scripture

These words make their first canonical appearance in the Hebrew Bible here:

אֵלָ֖ה Elah H425
פִּינֹֽן Pinon H6373

Shared distinctive vocabulary

פִּינֹֽן Pinon H6373 occurs in 2 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

1 Chronicles 1:52

Grammatical profile

6 nouns

Repetition

A word recurs within this verse — often emphatic in Hebrew:

אַלּ֧וּף intimate H441 ×3

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 6 words from the Hebrew and 6 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — the same length.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 6 Hebrew tokens and 6 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew Genesis 36:41 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

אַלּ֧וּף אָהֳלִיבָמָ֛ה אַלּ֥וּף אֵלָ֖ה אַלּ֥וּף פִּינֹֽן

chief Oholibamah, chief Elah, chief Pinon,

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX Genesis 36:41 Septuagint · lemma form

ἡγεμών ελιβεμα ἡγεμών ηλας ἡγεμών φινων

chief Olibema, chief Helas, chief Phinon,

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

Targum Onkelos Torah (Genesis–Deuteronomy)

רַבָּא אָהֳלִיבָמָה רַבָּא אֵלָה רַבָּא פִּינֹן

(no public-domain English translation for this verse)

Targum Onkelos — Aramaic: “Onkelos Genesis” (public domain); “Onkelos Exodus” (public domain); “Onkelos Leviticus” (public domain); “Onkelos Numbers” (public domain); “Onkelos Deuteronomy” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “J.W. Etheridge. The Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan Ben Uzziel on the Pentateuch. London: Longmans, Green, 1862” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.
Targum Pseudo-Jonathan Torah (Genesis–Deuteronomy)

רַבָּא אָהֳלִיבָמָה רַבָּא אֵלָה רַבָּא פִּינוֹן

Rabba Aholibama, Rabba Elah, Rabba Phinon,

Targum Pseudo-Jonathan — Aramaic: “Targum Jonathan on Genesis” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Exodus” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Leviticus” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Numbers” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Deuteronomy” (public domain). English: “The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, trans. J. W. Etheridge, London, 1862” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on Genesis 36:41 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

41. duke Elah] Probably the chief of the tribe that resided on the coast of Elath. The name appears in the kinship of Caleb (1Ch_4:15).

Pinon] Possibly the same as Punon (cf. Num_33:42) between Petra and Zoar.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Radak

Rabbi David Kimhi (Radak)

אלוף אהליבמה. This Oholivamah was a male. This is so in spite of the fact that his name ends with the letter ה suggesting that the person mentioned was a female. The same name occurs elsewhere for females in this very chapter (verse 5). Other males whose names conclude with the letter ה are שמלה, מסרקה in verse 36. Timna was a concubine of Eliphaz, although the name of one of the Alufim of Esau was also Timna. (verse 40)

Radak on the Tanakh — English translations: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash” (CC BY 4.0); “Rabbi Mike Feuer, Jerusalem Anthology” (CC BY 4.0); and “R. David Kimhi on the first book of Psalms, Translated by R.G. Finch, London, 1919” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

Genesis, in the Pentateuch, opens this verse with 6 words (4 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is pîynôn (“Pinon”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

The word pîynôn carries the sense “Pinon.” How does it shape the verse?
2 words here appear for the first time in Scripture. What is being introduced at this debut?
1 Chronicles 1:52 shares the word «Pinon» with this verse. How do the two illuminate each other?
“intimate” occurs 3× in this one verse. What is the effect of the repetition?
These translations render this verse differently; the difference is in the English rendering, not the original. What questions does that raise?
Reading how The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges and Radak read this verse, where do the two commentators agree and where do they part?

Things to notice

2 words make their first canonical appearance in Scripture here.
This verse counts 6 Hebrew ↔ 6 Greek words.
These translations choose different wording for 4 words in this verse.
“intimate” occurs 3× in this single verse.
4 distinct Hebrew lemmas span 6 words in this verse.