David said to the young man who told him, How know you that Saul and Jonathan his son are dead?
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The same verse in 3 English versions, stacked beneath the original-language interlinear above. Click any original word for its lexicon entry.
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David said to the young man who told him, How know you that Saul and Jonathan his son are dead?
And David said unto the young man that told him, How knowest thou that Saul and Jonathan his son be dead?
And David said to the young man, the one declaring to him, “How do you know that Saul and Jonathan his son died?”
unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult).
Every available English version of this verse, each an independent rendering of the whole verse.
David said to the young man who told him, How know you that Saul and Jonathan his son are dead?
Then David asked the young man who had brought him the report, “How do you know that Saul and his son Jonathan are dead?”
Then David asked the young man who had brought him the report, “How do you know that Saul and his son Jonathan are dead?”
And David said unto the young man that told him, How knowest thou that Saul and Jonathan his son be dead?
And David said unto the young man that told him, How knowest thou that Saul and Jonathan his son are dead?
And David said unto the young man that told him, How knowest thou that Saul and Jonathan his son be dead?
And Dauid saide vnto the yong man that tolde it him, Howe knowest thou that Saul and Ionathan his sonne be dead?
And David said to the young man that told him: How knowest thou that Saul and Jonathan his son, are dead?
And David saith unto the youth who is declaring `it' to him, `How hast thou known that Saul and Jonathan his son `are' dead?'
And David says to the youth who is declaring [it] to him, “How have you known that Saul and his son Jonathan [are] dead?”
David said to the young man, “How do you know that Saul and Jonathan his son are dead?”
And David said to the young man, the one declaring to him, “How do you know that Saul and Jonathan his son died?”
And David said to the young man that told him, How knowest thou that Saul and Jonathan his son are dead?
David said to the young man who told him, “How do you know that Saul and Jonathan his son are dead?”
And David said to the young man that told him, How knowest thou that Saul and Jonathan his son are dead?
“How do you know Saul and Jonathan died?” David asked the man giving the report.
And David said to the young man who gave him the news, Why are you certain that Saul and his son Jonathan are dead?
And David said unto the young man that told him: 'How knowest thou that Saul and Jonathan his son are dead?'
Literal Standard Version (2020), Covenant Press — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). Unlocked Literal Bible (unfoldingWord) — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult). Free Bible Version, Dr. Jonathan Gallagher — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org).
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These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →
Grammatical profile
Verb forms
Hebrew & Septuagint length
In English translation the verse runs 20 words from the Hebrew and 23 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.
A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.
Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.
In the original languages it is 13 Hebrew tokens and 18 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.
Topical passages linked to 2 Samuel 1:5 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.
Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).
The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.
These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר דָּוִ֔ד אֶל הַנַּ֖עַר הַמַּגִּ֣יד ל֑וֹ אֵ֣יךְ יָדַ֔עְתָּ כִּי מֵ֥ת שָׁא֖וּל וִיהֽוֹנָתָ֥ן בְּנֽוֹ
David said to the young man who told him, How know you that Saul and Jonathan his son are dead?
World English Bible · Public Domain
καί εἶπον δαυίδ ὁ παιδάριον ὁ ἀποἀγγέλλω αὐτός πῶς οἶδα ὅτι θνήσκω σαούλ καί ιωναθαν ὁ υἱός αὐτός
And David said to the young man who brought him the tidings, How know you that Saul and Jonathan his son are dead?
LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain
Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →
The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.
וַאֲמַר דָוִד לְעוּלֵמָא דִמְחַוֵי לֵיהּ אֵיכְדִין יְדַעְתָּ אֲרֵי מִית שָׁאוּל וִיהוֹנָתָן בְּרֵיהּ:
(no public-domain English translation for this verse)
Targum Jonathan — Aramaic: “Mikraot Gedolot” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “London "Chaldee Paraphrase," 1871” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.
Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.
2 Samuel, in the Historical, opens this verse with 13 words (12 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is Yᵉhôwnâthân (“Jonathan”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.
Commentary
Notes on 2 Samuel 1:5 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.
Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →
Trapp's Complete Commentary
John Trapp
John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
John Gill's Exposition
John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.
Matthew Poole's English Annotations
Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.