וּבְנֵ֖י עֵ֣שֶׁק אָחִ֑יו אוּלָ֣ם בְּכֹר֔וֹ יְעוּשׁ֙ הַשֵּׁנִ֔י וֶֽאֱלִיפֶ֖לֶט הַשְּׁלִשִֽׁי
The sons of Eshek his brother: Ulam his firstborn, Jeush the second, and Eliphelet the third.
World English Bible · Public Domain
1 Chronicles 8:39
Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex) 1 Chronicles 8:39 appears in the Hebrew Old Testament. The text above is from the Westminster Leningrad Codex. Each word links to its Strong’s number, a concise gloss, and parsing drawn from the Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible morphology. Click any word for its full Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB) entry.
English Translation
The sons of Eshek his brother: Ulam his firstborn, Jeush the second, and Eliphelet the third.
Highlights
- 1 hapax legomenon — only here in the Hebrew Bible
- 1 first appearance in the Hebrew Bible
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Compare translations 3
The same verse in 3 English versions, stacked beneath the original-language interlinear above. Click any original word for its lexicon entry.
Each is an independent rendering of the whole verse — the interlinear is not word-aligned to these translations.
Highlighted words mark where these versions differ — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment.
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World English Bible Public Domain
The sons of Eshek his brother: Ulam his firstborn, Jeush the second, and Eliphelet the third.
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King James Version Public Domain
And the sons of Eshek his brother were, Ulam his firstborn, Jehush the second, and Eliphelet the third.
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unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
And the sons of Eshek, his brother: Ulam, his firstborn; Jeush, the second; and Eliphelet, the third.
unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult).
Show all 18 translations
Every available English version of this verse, each an independent rendering of the whole verse.
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World English Bible Public Domain
The sons of Eshek his brother: Ulam his firstborn, Jeush the second, and Eliphelet the third.
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Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
The sons of his brother Eshek: Ulam was his firstborn, Jeush second, and Eliphelet third.
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Majority Standard Bible Public Domain
The sons of his brother Eshek: Ulam was his firstborn, Jeush second, and Eliphelet third.
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King James Version Public Domain
And the sons of Eshek his brother were, Ulam his firstborn, Jehush the second, and Eliphelet the third.
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American Standard Version (1901) Public Domain
And the sons of Eshek his brother: Ulam his first-born, Jeush the second, and Eliphelet the third.
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Revised Version (1885) Public Domain
And the sons of Eshek his brother; Ulam his firstborn, Jeush the second, and Eliphelet the third.
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Geneva Bible (1599) Public Domain
And the sonnes of Eshek his brother were Vlam his eldest sonne, Iehush the second, and Eliphelet the third.
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Douay-Rheims (1899) Public Domain
And the sons of Esec, his brother, were Ulam the firstborn, and Jehus the second, and Eliphelet the third.
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Young's Literal Translation Public Domain
And sons of Eshek his brother: Ulam his first-born, Jehush the second, and Eliphelet the third.
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Literal Standard Version CC BY-SA 4.0
And sons of his brother Eshek: Ulam his firstborn, Jehush the second, and Eliphelet the third.
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Unlocked Literal Bible CC BY-SA 4.0
The sons of Eshek, his brother, were Ulam his firstborn, Jeush the second, and Eliphelet the third.
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unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
And the sons of Eshek, his brother: Ulam, his firstborn; Jeush, the second; and Eliphelet, the third.
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Darby Bible Public Domain
And the sons of Eshek his brother were Ulam his firstborn, Jeush the second, and Eliphelet the third.
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World Messianic Bible Public Domain
The sons of Eshek his brother: Ulam his firstborn, Jeush the second, and Eliphelet the third.
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Webster's Bible Public Domain
And the sons of Eshek his brother were, Ulam his first-born, Jehush the second, and Eliphelet the third.
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Free Bible Version CC BY-SA 4.0
The sons of his brother Eshek: Ulam (firstborn), Jeush (second), and Eliphelet (third).
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Bible in Basic English Public Domain
And the sons of Eshek his brother: Ulam his oldest son, Jeush the second, and Eliphelet the third.
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JPS Tanakh (1917) Public Domain
And the sons of Eshek his brother: Ulam his firstborn, Jeush the second, and Eliphelet the third.
Literal Standard Version (2020), Covenant Press — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). Unlocked Literal Bible (unfoldingWord) — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult). Free Bible Version, Dr. Jonathan Gallagher — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org).
Word by word
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עֵ֣שֶׁק
ʻÊsheq
H6232
“Eshek”
Noun, Proper
- Appears 1× in the Hebrew Bible
- First appears here
- Part of Speech
- Noun
- Type
- Proper
Full BDB Definition
Eshek = "oppressor"
- a Benjamite, late descendant of Saul
- וּבְנֵ֖י bên H1121 “and · sons of” Conjunction + Noun, Common, Masculine, Plural, Construct
- עֵ֣שֶׁק ʻÊsheq H6232 “Eshek” Noun, Proper
- אָחִ֑יו ʼâch H251 “brother · his” Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct + Suffix, Personal, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
- אוּלָ֣ם ʼÛwlâm H198 “Ulam” Noun, Proper
- בְּכֹר֔וֹ bᵉkôwr H1060 “firstborn · his” Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct + Suffix, Personal, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
- יְעוּשׁ֙ Yᵉʻûwsh H3266 “Jehush” Noun, Proper
- הַשֵּׁנִ֔י shênîy H8145 “the · second” Particle, Definite Article + Adjective, Ordinal number, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
- וֶֽאֱלִיפֶ֖לֶט ʼĔlîypheleṭ H467 “and · Eliphelet” Conjunction + Noun, Proper
- הַשְּׁלִשִֽׁי shᵉlîyshîy H7992 “the · third” Particle, Definite Article + Adjective, Ordinal number, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
About this verse
These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →
- 9
- words
- 9
- distinct lemmas
- Historical
- section
Notable vocabulary
1 hapax legomenon — a word that appears only here in the entire Hebrew Bible:
- עֵ֣שֶׁק Eshek H6232
First appearance in Scripture
This word makes its first canonical appearance in the Hebrew Bible here:
- עֵ֣שֶׁק Eshek H6232
Shared distinctive vocabulary
אוּלָ֣ם Ulam H198 occurs in 4 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:
Grammatical profile
- 7 nouns
- 2 adjectives
Hebrew & Septuagint length
In English translation the verse runs 16 words from the Hebrew and 18 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.
A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.
Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.
In the original languages it is 9 Hebrew tokens and 15 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.
Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint
The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.
These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.
καί υἱός ασηλ ἀδελφός αὐτός αιλαμ πρωτότοκος αὐτός καί ιαις ὁ δεύτερος ελιφαλετ ὁ τρίτος
And the sons of Asel his brother; Aelam his firstborn, and Jas the second, and Eliphalet the third.
LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain
Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →
Lesson kit
Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.
1 Chronicles, in the Historical, opens this verse with 9 words (9 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is ʻÊsheq (“Eshek”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.
Discussion questions
- The word ʻÊsheq carries the sense “Eshek.” How does it shape the verse?
- 1 word here appears nowhere else in the Hebrew Bible. Why might the author reach for such rare wording?
- This is the first place “Eshek” appears in Scripture (first appears here). What does its debut here establish?
- How does 1 Chronicles 7:16, which shares the word «Ulam», read alongside this verse?
- The translations on this page render this verse differently — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment. What might account for the different wordings?
- Compare how Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers and The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges read this verse. Where do they agree or differ?
Things to notice
- 1 word in this verse appears nowhere else in the Hebrew Bible.
- 1 word makes its first canonical appearance in Scripture here.
- This verse counts 9 Hebrew ↔ 15 Greek words.
- These translations choose different wording for 2 words in this verse.
- 9 distinct Hebrew lemmas span 9 words in this verse.
Commentary
Notes on 1 Chronicles 8:39 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.
Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →
Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers
A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne
The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
The Pulpit Commentary
The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.