1 Chronicles 11:46

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex)

English Translation

Eliel the Mahavite, and Jeribai, and Joshaviah, the sons of Elnaam, and Ithmah the Moabite,

World English Bible · Public Domain

Highlights

5 hapax legomena — only here in the Hebrew Bible
5 first appearances in the Hebrew Bible

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Word by word

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הַֽמַּחֲוִ֔ים

Machăvîym

H4233

“the · Mahavite”

Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Plural, Absolute

Appears 1× in the Hebrew Bible
First appears here

Full BDB Definition

Origin: apparently a patrial, but from an unknown place (in the pl. only for a sing.)

TWOT: None

Mahavite = "propagators" - apparently, an inhabitant of a place called 'Macheweh' - the designation of Eliel, one of David's mighty warriors

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

8: words
8: distinct lemmas
Historical: section

Notable vocabulary

5 hapax legomena — words that appear only here in the entire Hebrew Bible:

הַֽמַּחֲוִ֔ים Mahavite H4233
וִירִיבַ֥י Jeribai H3403
וְיוֹשַׁוְיָ֖ה Joshaviah H3145
אֶלְנָ֑עַם Elnaam H493
וְיִתְמָ֖ה Ithmah H3495

First appearance in Scripture

These words make their first canonical appearance in the Hebrew Bible here:

הַֽמַּחֲוִ֔ים Mahavite H4233
וִירִיבַ֥י Jeribai H3403
וְיוֹשַׁוְיָ֖ה Joshaviah H3145
אֶלְנָ֑עַם Elnaam H493
וְיִתְמָ֖ה Ithmah H3495

Shared distinctive vocabulary

אֱלִיאֵל֙ Eliel H447 occurs in 10 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

8 nouns

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 15 words from the Hebrew and 14 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 8 Hebrew tokens and 14 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew 1 Chronicles 11:46 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

אֱלִיאֵל֙ הַֽמַּחֲוִ֔ים וִירִיבַ֥י וְיוֹשַׁוְיָ֖ה בְּנֵ֣י אֶלְנָ֑עַם וְיִתְמָ֖ה הַמּוֹאָבִֽי

Eliel the Mahavite, and Jeribai, and Joshaviah, the sons of Elnaam, and Ithmah the Moabite,

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX 1 Chronicles 11:46 Septuagint · lemma form

ελιηλ ὁ μιι καί ιαριβι καί ιωσια υἱός αὐτός ελνααμ καί ιεθεμα ὁ μωαβίτης

Eliel the Maoite, and Jaribi, and Josia his son, Ellaam, and Jethama the Moabite,

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Commentary

Notes on 1 Chronicles 11:46 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Joseph Benson's Commentary

1Ch 11:46. Ithmah the Moabite — So called, either because he was by birth a Moabite, though now proselyted to the true religion; or from some eminent service done by him among the Moabites. Thus, among the Romans, Publius Scipio was surnamed Africanus, for his great achievements in Africa; and Lucius Scipio, his brother, Asiaticus, for his victory over Antiochus at Magnesia in Asia.

Joseph Benson's Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1811–1818) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(46) Eliel.—Perhaps the Gadite of 1Ch_12:11.

The Mahavite.—Probably a corruption of “the Mahanaimite.” Mahanaim was in Gad.

A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

46. the Mahavite] Read perhaps, “the Mahanite,” i.e. inhabitant of Mahanaim, a town east of Jordan; cp. 2Sa_17:27.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary

Mahumite. Protestants, "Mahavite." Kennicott would translate these last verses according to his corrections. 42 ..."Zabad, the son of Ahlai; (43) Adina, the son of Shiza, the Reubenite, and head of the Reubenites: But the thirty were his superiors. 44 Hanan, the son of Maacha; and Josaphat, the Mithnite. 45 Urzia, the Ashtarothite; Shema and Jehiel, the sons of Hotham, the Aroerite. 46 Jediel, the son of Shimri; and Joha, his brother, the Titzite. 47 Jeliel and Mahavite, and Jeribai and Joshaviah, the sons of Elnaam; and Ithmah, the Moabite; (48) Eliel, and Obed and Jashiel, the Metzobaites." It will be easily perceived that this author frequently recedes from the Protestant version, as well as from the printed Hebrew, both of which are frequently erroneous. Perhaps the critical examination of these proper names, may appear to some unimportant. But the question respecting the perfect integrity of the Hebrew text deserves to be seriously considered; and every part of sacred history requires our attention. If the Protestant rule of faith be incorrect, what security can they have? We are not exposed to the same inconvenience, even though the Vulgate be susceptible of farther improvement. (Haydock)

George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), Haydock's Catholic Family Bible and Commentary, 1859 edition — public domain. Excludes Psalms (Douay-Rheims chapter numbering differs from Protestant) and Deuterocanonical books (Catholic canon only).

Matthew Poole's English Annotations

So called, either because he was by birth a Moabite, though now proselyted to the true religion, or from some eminent service done by him against the Moabites, as among the Romans Scipio was called Asiatic and African, because of his great achievements and victories over those parts and people.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

The Pulpit Commentary

The Mahavite. It has been suggested that this word may stand for Mahanite, from Mahanaim.

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

1 Chronicles, in the Historical, opens this verse with 8 words (8 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is Machăvîym (“Mahavite”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

The word Machăvîym carries the sense “Mahavite.” How does it shape the verse?
5 words here appear nowhere else in the Hebrew Bible. Why might the author reach for such rare wording?
5 words make their first appearance in Scripture here. What does this debut establish?
How does 1 Chronicles 5:24, which shares the word «Eliel», read alongside this verse?
Compare how Joseph Benson's Commentary and Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers read this verse. Where do they agree or differ?

Things to notice

5 words in this verse appear nowhere else in the Hebrew Bible.
5 words make their first canonical appearance in Scripture here.
This verse counts 8 Hebrew ↔ 14 Greek words.
8 distinct Hebrew lemmas span 8 words in this verse.