כֹּ֫בֶד
weight
also: heaviness, mass, great fuller range ↓
Full lexicon entry — Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
From Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
Where this word appears
See every Absolute-state word in the Hebrew Bible →
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Noun
- A naming word — a person, place, thing, or idea.
Noun type
- Common
- A common noun — a general class of person, place, or thing (“king,” “city,” “water”), not a specific name.
State
- Construct
- A noun bound to a following noun in a possessive / “of” relationship (the construct chain).
- Absolute
- The independent form of a noun, not bound to a following word.
Gender
- Masculine
- Grammatically masculine.
Number
- Singular
- One.
1 verse where H3514 appears in the Absolute state in the Book of Isaiah. Filtered view — show all forms. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Hebrew form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Hebrew Bible; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences are not indexed here.
Isaiah
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
כבד — transliterated kôbed — is a Hebrew noun carrying the sense “weight.” It is rare — just 4 verses in the entire Hebrew Bible. Its uses cluster heavily in Isaiah (50% of all occurrences). Debuting at Proverbs 27:3, it then recurs through the corpus. Alongside “weight” the lexicon also lists “heaviness”, “mass”, and “great” — part of its full sense range. See the sense tree, 4-verse concordance, and the renderings breakdown below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's H3514 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 4
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 4 distinct verses.
- 3 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 3 of 39 Old Testament books.
- #3,696
- by frequency
- Top 5000 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 3,696 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).
View all 4 occurrences in the concordance →
By section of the Old Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 4 distinct verses.
- Prophets (Nevi'im) 3 verses · 75%
- Writings (Ketuvim) 1 verse · 25%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
- King James Version: Great 1×, Grievousness 1×, Is heavy 1×
- American Standard Version: Great 1×, Grievousness 1×, Is heavy 1×
- Berean Standard Bible: Dense 1×, Is heavy 1×, Mounds 1×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text: Heaviness of 2×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders H3514 across 4 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders H3514 across 4 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders H3514 across 4 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders H3514 across 4 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 2 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Senses in the full BDB
What do BDB’s symbols mean?
BDB uses these scholarly abbreviations:
| Symbol | Meaning |
|---|---|
| 𝔊 | the Septuagint (the ancient Greek translation, LXX) |
| 𝔙 | the Vulgate (the Latin translation) |
| 𝔖 | the Syriac version (the Peshitta) |
| 𝔗 | the Targum (the Aramaic translation) |
| ψ | the Psalms |
| √ | root (the underlying root or stem) |
| ‖ | parallel passage (a synonymous or contrasted parallel) |
| † | the dagger: every passage where the word occurs is cited |
The 3 senses and sub-senses the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency), with BDB’s own verbatim wording and sub-sense lettering. Shown in Hebrew script with BDB’s own scholarly abbreviations. The condensed entry is in the Lexicon Entry tab. See also the Forms in the corpus table below.
- 1. heaviness, weight of a stone Pr 27:3. e.g. Proverbs 27:3
- 2. mass, abundance, of corpses Na 3:3. e.g. Nahum 3:3
- 3. vehemence, of war Is 21:15, of storm Is 30:27. e.g. Isaiah 21:15
Senses from the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon (Brown, Driver, Briggs; Oxford 1906 — public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). Full attribution on Sources.
Word origin
Derived from כבד (kâbad) (H3513) — to be heavy.
Jastrow Dictionary
A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.
כָּבֵד I
- (b. h.) to be heavy, weighty, important; cmp. יָקַר.
- 1. to honor, hold precious; to show honor. Ab. IV, 1 איזהו מכובד המְכַבֵּד וכ׳ who will be honored? He who honors men. Sabb. 113ᵇ ר"י קרי למאניה מְכַבְּדוֹתַי Rabbi Joh. called his garments ‘my honorers’; B. Kam. 91ᵇ; Snh. 94ᵃ; a. fr.—Ber. 46ᵇ bot. אין מְכַבְּדִין וכ׳ we must not show honors (saying, ‘you go first’) on highroads &c. Part. pass. מְכוּבָּד, pl. מְכוּבָּדִים, מְכוּבָּדִין. Ab. l. c., v. supra. Ib. 6 כל המכבד … גופו מ׳ על וכ׳ he who honors the Law, will himself be honored of men. Ber. 60ᵇ, v. infra. Ab. Zar. III, 3, v. בָּזָה; a. fr.
- 2. (cmp. אִיקְרָא, יְקַר) to offer a gift. Tanḥ. Vayḥi 13 שמְכַבְּדִין מפירותיהם וכ׳ they offer of their fruits to kings; Gen. R. s. 99, end והם מבכרין (corr. acc.); a. e.
- 3. [to make look respectable,] to sweep, adjust the room. Ber. VIII, 4 מכבדיו את הבית וכ׳ (after meal) the room is put in order (the crumbs swept), and then &c. Bets. II, 7 (22ᵇ) מכבדין בין המטות (Bab. ed. בית המטות) (on Holy Days) you may sweep between the dining couches (the dining room); Y. ib. II, 61ᶜ bot. Tam. V, 5 היה מְכַבְּדָן לאמה one swept them (the coals) into the duct; a. fr.—Mikv. VIII, 4 כִּיבְּדָֹה את, הבית, v. בַּיִת 6.—[Ruth R. end וכבד some ed., read: וכָבַר.]
- to be honored; to pride, exalt one’s self. Gen. R. s. 1 כל המִתְכַּבֵּד בקלון וכ׳ whoever elevates himself at the expense of his neighbor’s degradation, has no share in the world to come; Y. Ḥag. II, 77ᶜ. Meg. 28ᵃ מימי לא נִתְכַּבַּדְתִּי וכ׳ I never elevated myself &c. Ber. 60ᵇ הִתְכַּבְּדוּ מכובדים be in honor dismissed, you honored ones (angels); a. e.—2) to be cleaned, swept; to be dressed, adorned. Pes. 7ᵃ שוקי … עשויין להתכ׳ וכ׳ the streets of Jerusalem used to be swept every day. Y. Nidd. I, beg. 48ᵈ כמבוי שהוא מתכבד וכ׳ like an alley which is regularly swept and flushed. Bab. Nidd. 56ᵃ חזקתז מתכבד it is presumed to be clean. Num. R. s. 13 לאכול ולשתות ולהתכבד to eat and drink and dress. [Tosef. Ter. X, 15 ליכבד, read with ed. Zuck. ליכבר, v. כָּבַר.]
- 1. to be heavy. Naz. I, 2 ה׳ שערו if his hair is too heavy on him.
- 2. to make heavy. Ex. R. s. 9; Tanḥ. Vaera 12 (play on כָּבֵד, Ex. VII, 14, a. הִכָּבְדִי XIV, 18) בלשון שהִכְבֵּדְתָּ בו בלשון אני מתכבד with the same expression (כבד) with which thou didst make heavy (Israel’s yoke), I shall be honored; Tanḥ. ed. Bub. ib. 14 שהכבדת את לבך wherewith thou didst harden thy heart. e.g. Exodus 7:14
- 3. to grow worse, be very sick (cmp. טָעַן II), opp. היקל. Snh. IX, 1 ה׳ ומת grew worse and died; ib. 78ᵇ; a. e.
- 4. to sweep. Num. R. s. 23; Tanḥ. Masʿé 13 הִכְבִּידָן he swept (drove) them out, v. מַכְבֵּד a. הָמַם.
כְּבַד
- ; Pa. כַּבֵּיד to clean, sweep. Nidd. 56ᵃ bot. כַּבִּיד ולא בדיק (= כַּבְּדִי) I swept (the alley) but did not search (for unclean objects).
- to be swept. Ib. 56ᵇ גומה לא מתכבדא a cavity is not swept (the broom does not strike it).
- (v. כָּבֵד III) to irritate, grieve. Targ. Prov. XVII, 25 ed. Lag. (ed. Ven. מכביר, Ms. מככיר, h. text כעס).
כֹּבֶד
- , v. כּוֹבֶד
כָּבֵד II
- (preced. wds.)
- 1. weight, pressure. Ḥag. 21ᵃ כְּבֵידוֹ של כלי the pressure of the (inner) vessel. Snh. 63ᵇ; Meg. 25ᵇ (sarcasm on כבודו, Hos. X, 5) א"ת כְּבוֹדוֹ אלא כְּבֵידוֹ (Ms. M. כּוֹבְדוֹ) read not ‘his dignity’ but ‘his weight’ for it is gone, i.e. the idol’s weight is reduced; Yalk. Is. 326 כְּבֵדוֹ. e.g. Hosea 10:5
- 2. importance, v. כָּבוֹד.
כָּבֵד III
- c. (b. h.; preced. wds.) [heaviness, seat of anger and melancholy,] liver. Ber. 61ᵇ top כ׳ כועס ומרה וכ׳ the liver is excited, and the gall pours a drop over it and quiets it. Ḥull. III, 1 ניטל הכ׳; ib. 2 ניטלה הכ׳ if the liver of an animal is gone. Arakh. V, 2 (20ᵃ) ערך כְּבֵדִי עלי (Bab. ed. כְּבֵידִי) I vow the value of my liver (being a vital organ); a. fr.
A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.
Forms in the corpus
The 4 distinct written forms H3514 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that state’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.
| Form | Parsing | Example | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|
| וְ/כֹ֖בֶד | Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Isaiah 30:27 | 1 |
| וְ/כֹ֣בֶד | Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct | Nahum 3:3 | 1 |
| כֹּ֥בֶד | Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct | Isaiah 21:15 | 1 |
| כֹּֽבֶד | Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct | Proverbs 27:3 | 1 |
Same root — word family
Other BDB entries built from the same root as H3514, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derives from
Shares the same root
Compare all same-root words → Showing 4 of 5 — not the complete family. They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint verse parallels
This word appears in 4 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 4 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.
Read these verses in the Septuagint
This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.
