גָּרַף
to sweep away
Full lexicon entry — Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
From Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
Where this word appears
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Verb
- An action or state-of-being word.
Stem
- Qal
- The basic, simple active stem — the plain form of the verb (“he wrote”).
Form
- Perfect
- A completed action or state — Hebrew marks aspect (completeness) more than strict tense (“he wrote”).
Person
- 3rd Person
- The one spoken about (“he / she / it / they”).
Gender
- Masculine
- Grammatically masculine.
Number
- Singular
- One.
Every verse where H1640 appears — 1 distinct verse across 1 book. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Hebrew form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Hebrew Bible; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences are not indexed here.
Judges 1 verse
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
גרף (gâraph) is a Hebrew verb most often rendered “to sweep away.” It occurs a mere 1 verse across Scripture. It clusters heavily in Judges, which alone accounts for 100% of its uses. Its lone occurrence is Judges 5:21. From the same root come אגרף and מגרפה. The sections below give every sense, occurrence, and version rendering.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's H1640 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 1
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 1 distinct verse.
- 1 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 1 of 39 Old Testament books.
- #6,101
- by frequency
- Rank #6,101 (rank 6,101 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).
View all 1 occurrence in the concordance →
Most concentrated in
- Judges 1 verse 100%
By section of the Old Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 1 distinct verse.
- Prophets (Nevi'im) 1 verse · 100%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
- King James Version: Swept them away 1×
- American Standard Version: Swept them away 1×
- Berean Standard Bible: Swept them away 1×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text: Swept them away 1×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders H1640 across 1 tagged occurrence — most commonly:
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders H1640 across 1 tagged occurrence — most commonly:
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders H1640 across 1 tagged occurrence — most commonly:
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders H1640 across 1 tagged occurrence — most commonly:
Senses in BDB
The 1 sense BDB distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency or importance). The full entry — with sub-senses — is in the Lexicon Entry tab.
- (Qal) to sweep away, sweep
Word origin
[ גָּרַף ] vb. sweep away — Ju 5:21.
— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.
Origin: a primitive root
Jastrow Dictionary
A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.
גָּרַף
- v. גרר) to scrape, sweep, esp. to remove ashes and coal from the stove; to scrape together, collect. Kel. VIII, 11 היתה גוֹרְפָתוֹ if while she was sweeping it (the stove) &c. Sabb. III, 1 עד שיִגְרוֹף not before he has swept it.—Y. Peah VII, 20ᵇ top (ref. to Joel I, 17) תחת שהיינו גוֹרְפִים וכ׳ in place of collecting honey (from beehives or trees), we collected foul matter. Sabb. XVII, 2 לִגְרוֹף בה וכ׳ to grab with it the figs out of the barrel; a. fr.—Gen. R. s. 67 גּוֹרֶפֶת מחוטמה blowing her nose (v. גָּרַר).—Part. pass. גָּרוּף, f. גְּרוּפָה cleared of ashes &c., swept. Sabb. III, 4, v. אַנְטִיכִי; a. fr.—[Gen. R. s. 53 ג׳ מביתו של וכ׳ (Isaac is) the refuse of &c., comment.; v., however, גְּרוֹף.] e.g. Joel 1:17
- same. Kerith. 7ᵇ; Y. Snh. VII, 25ᵇ top, v. גָּדַף
גְּרַף
- Targ. II Esth. III, 8 גרפין חמיעא they remove leavened things.—Y. Pes. II, end, 29ᶜ גְּרוֹף מן תוחתיהון scrape them at the bottom. Y. Bets. IV, 62ᶜ bot. [read:] איזלי גַרְפִין go thou and sweep them (the stones) out. Y. M. Kat. I, 80ᵇ bot.; a. fr.
- to be scraped out, removed. Targ. II Esth. l. c.
- same. Targ. Job VII, 12 like the Ocean דמִתְגַּרְגֵּף וכ׳ Ms. which, at certain times, is swept (pours itself out over the shores; ed. דמתרגיף, v. רְגַף).
A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.
Same root — word family
Other BDB entries built from the same root as H1640, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derived from this word
Compare all same-root words → They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint verse parallels
This word appears in 1 verse that also exists in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 1 Hebrew verse it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.
Read these verses in the Septuagint
This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.
