αὐστηρός
harsh
Full lexicon entry — Thayer's Greek Lexicon
From Thayer's Greek Lexicon
Where this word appears
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Adjective
- A word that describes or qualifies a noun.
Case
- Nominative
- The case of the subject (and the predicate nominative).
Gender
- Masculine
- Grammatically masculine.
Number
- Singular
- One.
Every verse where G840 appears — 2 distinct verses across 1 book. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Greek form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Greek New Testament; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences of this word are not indexed here.
Luke 2 verses
- Luke 19:21 αὐστηρὸς adj nom sg masc for I feared you, because you are an exacting man. You take up that which you didn't lay down, and reap that which you didn't sow.'
- Luke 19:22 αὐστηρός adj nom sg masc "He said to him, 'Out of your own mouth will I judge you, you wicked servant! You knew that I am an exacting man, taking up that which I didn't lay down, and reaping that which I didn't sow.
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
αυστηρος (austērós) is a Greek adjective most often rendered “harsh.” The Greek New Testament uses it only 2 verses. Luke dominates its distribution — 2 of 2 verses. It first appears in Luke 19:21. Related forms include αηρ, αετος and ανεμος. For the data behind this summary, explore the sense tree and the renderings breakdown below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's G840 catalogs a Greek word from the Greek New Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Greek New Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 2
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 2 distinct verses.
- 1 / 27
- NT books
- The word appears in 1 of 27 New Testament books.
- #2,678
- by frequency
- Top 5000 most frequent Greek words (rank 2,678 of 5,347 Greek words by occurrence).
View all 2 occurrences in the concordance →
Most concentrated in
- Luke 2 verses 100%
By section of the New Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Some books belong to more than one corpus (Luke is in both the Gospels and the Lukan corpus, and so on), so these shares overlap and need not total 100%. Each figure is a share of the word’s 2 distinct verses.
- Gospels 2 verses · 100%
- Lukan (Luke–Acts) 2 verses · 100%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
- King James Version: Austere 2×
- American Standard Version: Austere 2×
- Berean Standard Bible: Harsh 2×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text: Harsh 2×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders G840 across 2 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders G840 across 2 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders G840 across 2 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders G840 across 2 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Senses in Thayer's
The 1 sense Thayer's distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency or importance). The full entry — with sub-senses — is in the Lexicon Entry tab.
- of mind and manners: harsh, rough, rigid
Word origin
Derived from αηρ (aḗr) (G109) — air.
From a (presumed) derivative of the same as G109 (meaning blown ); rough (properly as a gale ) that is (figuratively) severe : - austere.
— Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance (1890), public domain.
Forms in the corpus
The 2 distinct written forms G840 takes in the Greek New Testament, most frequent first — each parse links to that case’s occurrences in the concordance.
| Form | Parsing | Example | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|
| αὐστηρός austērós | Adjective, Nominative, Singular, Masculine | Luke 19:22 | 1 |
| αὐστηρὸς austēròs | Adjective, Nominative, Singular, Masculine | Luke 19:21 | 1 |
Same root — word family
Other Thayer's entries built from the same root as G840, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derives from
Shares the same root
- αετος aetós G105 eagle
- ανεμος ánemos G417 wind
- ατμις atmís G822 vapour
- αυλη aulḗ G833 courtyard
- αυλος aulós G836 pipe
- αυριον aúrion G839 tomorrow
- αυτος autós G846 he
- αυχμηρος auchmērós G850 squalid
Compare all same-root words → Showing 4 of 10 — not the complete family. They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
