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Genesis 5:9

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex) Genesis 5:9 appears in the Hebrew Old Testament. The text above is from the Westminster Leningrad Codex. Each word links to its Strong’s number, a concise gloss, and parsing drawn from the Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible morphology. Click any word for its full Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB) entry.
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Genesis 5:9 (World English Bible). Public Domain. Lemma interlinear Bible study tool, https://lemma.gebible.app/v/genesis/5/9.

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English Translation
Enosh lived ninety years, and became the father of Kenan.
World English Bible · Public Domain
Highlights
  • 2 first appearances in the Hebrew Bible
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Compare translations 3

The same verse in 3 English versions, stacked beneath the original-language interlinear above. Click any original word for its lexicon entry.

Each is an independent rendering of the whole verse — the interlinear is not word-aligned to these translations.

Highlighted words mark where these versions differ — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    Enosh lived ninety years, and became the father of Kenan.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    And Enos lived ninety years, and begat Cainan:
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    And Enosh lived ninety years, then he fathered Kenan.

unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult).

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Show all 18 translations

Every available English version of this verse, each an independent rendering of the whole verse.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    Enosh lived ninety years, and became the father of Kenan.
  • Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
    When Enosh was 90 years old, he became the father of Kenan.
  • Majority Standard Bible Public Domain
    When Enosh was 90 years old, he became the father of Kenan.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    And Enos lived ninety years, and begat Cainan:
  • American Standard Version (1901) Public Domain
    And Enosh lived ninety years, and begat Kenan.
  • Revised Version (1885) Public Domain
    And Enosh lived ninety years, and begat Kenan:
  • Geneva Bible (1599) Public Domain
    Also Enosh liued ninetie yeeres, and begate Kenan.
  • Douay-Rheims (1899) Public Domain
    And Enos lived ninety years, and begot Cainan.
  • Young's Literal Translation Public Domain
    And Enos liveth ninety years, and begetteth Cainan.
  • Literal Standard Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    And Enos lives ninety years [[or one hundred and ninety years]], and begets Cainan.
  • Unlocked Literal Bible CC BY-SA 4.0
    When Enosh had lived ninety years, he became the father of Kenan.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    And Enosh lived ninety years, then he fathered Kenan.
  • Darby Bible Public Domain
    And Enosh lived ninety years, and begot Cainan.
  • World Messianic Bible Public Domain
    Enosh lived ninety years, and became the father of Kenan.
  • Webster's Bible Public Domain
    And Enos lived ninety years, and begat Cainan.
  • Free Bible Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    When Enosh was 90, he had Kenan.
  • Bible in Basic English Public Domain
    And Enosh was ninety years old when he became the father of Kenan:
  • JPS Tanakh (1917) Public Domain
    And Enosh lived ninety years, and begot Kenan.

Literal Standard Version (2020), Covenant Press — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). Unlocked Literal Bible (unfoldingWord) — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult). Free Bible Version, Dr. Jonathan Gallagher — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org).

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About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

7
words
7
distinct lemmas
Pentateuch
section

Notable vocabulary

The rarest word here is קֵינָֽן Kenan H7018 — appearing just 6 times in the whole Hebrew Bible.

First appearance in Scripture

These words make their first canonical appearance in the Hebrew Bible here:

  • תִּשְׁעִ֣ים ninety H8673
  • קֵינָֽן Kenan H7018

Shared distinctive vocabulary

קֵינָֽן Kenan H7018 occurs in 6 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

  • 2 verbs
  • 3 nouns
  • 1 adjective
  • 1 particle

Verb forms

  • וַֽיְחִ֥י Qal · Sequential Imperfect
  • וַיּ֖וֹלֶד Hiphil · Sequential Imperfect

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 10 words from the Hebrew and 11 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 7 Hebrew tokens and 10 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

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Cross-references

2

Topical passages linked to Genesis 5:9 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

  • Luke 3:37 the son of Methuselah, the son of Enoch, the son of Jared, the son of Mahalaleel, the son of Cainan,
  • 1 Chronicles 1:2 Kenan, Mahalalel, Jared,

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew Genesis 5:9 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

וַֽיְחִ֥י אֱנ֖וֹשׁ תִּשְׁעִ֣ים שָׁנָ֑ה וַיּ֖וֹלֶד אֶת קֵינָֽן

Enosh lived ninety years, and became the father of Kenan.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX Genesis 5:9 Septuagint · lemma form

καί ζάω ενως ἑκατόν ἐνενήκοντα ἔτος καί γεννάω ὁ καιναν

And Enos lived one hundred and ninety years, and begot Cainan.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

On this verse, Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers discusses the Septuagint’s reading. Read the note in Commentary ↓

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

2

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

  1. Targum Onkelos Torah (Genesis–Deuteronomy)
    וַחֲיָא אֱנוֹשׁ תִּשְׁעִין שְׁנִין וְאוֹלִיד יָת קֵינָן

    (no public-domain English translation for this verse)

    Targum Onkelos — Aramaic: “Onkelos Genesis” (public domain); “Onkelos Exodus” (public domain); “Onkelos Leviticus” (public domain); “Onkelos Numbers” (public domain); “Onkelos Deuteronomy” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “J.W. Etheridge. The Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan Ben Uzziel on the Pentateuch. London: Longmans, Green, 1862” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

  2. Targum Pseudo-Jonathan Torah (Genesis–Deuteronomy)
    וַחֲיָא אֱנוֹשׁ תִּשְׁעִין שְׁנִין וְאוֹלִיד יַת קֵינָן

    And Enosh lived ninety years, and begat Kenan.

    Targum Pseudo-Jonathan — Aramaic: “Targum Jonathan on Genesis” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Exodus” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Leviticus” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Numbers” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Deuteronomy” (public domain). English: “The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, trans. J. W. Etheridge, London, 1862” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on Genesis 5:9 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Trapp's Complete Commentary

John Trapp

Gen 5:9 And Enos lived ninety years, and begat Cainan:

Ver. 9. Enos begat Cainan.] Enos, that is, Sorry-man, begat Cainan, that is, A man of sorrows. Thus the fathers, though long-lived, were not unmindful of their mortality and misery.

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(9) Enos lived ninety years.—This proves that the years could not have been mere revolutions of the moon, as some have supposed. So Cainan was only seventy years of age at the birth of his son, and Mahalaleel sixty-five. In the LXX. no patriarch has a son until he is at least 162 years of age, so that the supposition there would be more tenable.

A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

9. Kenan] The first syllable of this name is the same in Hebrew as the name “Cain,” and it is presumably akin in meaning as well as in form (see note on Gen_4:1).

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Gill's Exposition

And all the days or Enos were nine hundred and five years, and he died. According to the Arabic writers (n), this man was a very good man, governed his people well, and instructed them in the ways of righteousness, and the fear of God; and when his end drew nigh, his offspring gathered about him for his blessing; and calling them to him, he ordered them by his will to practise holiness, and exhorted them not to mix with the offspring of Cain the murderer; and having appointed Cainan his successor, he died in the year of his age nine hundred and five, A. M. 1340, and was buried in the holy mountain; but according to Bishop Usher it was A. M. 1140.

(n) Elmacinus, apud Hottinger, p. 231.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Kretzmann's Popular Commentary

Paul E. Kretzmann

From Enos to Jared

v. 9. And Enos lived ninety years and begat Cainan.

v. 10. And Enos lived after he begat Cainan, eight hundred and fifteen years, and begat sons and daughters.

v. 11. And all the days of Enos were nine hundred and five years; and he died. Although there is some distant resemblance between some of the names in this list and those of the Cainites, the meaning which is attached to this fact by enemies of Scriptures as though the two accounts had originally been the same is absolutely without foundation. The children of God and the children of the world at that time were strictly separate.

v. 12. And Cainan lived seventy years, and begat Mahalaleel.

v. 13. And Cainan lived, after he begat Mahalaleel, eight hundred and forty years, and begat sons and daughters.

v. 14. And all the days of Cainan were nine hundred and ten years; and he died.

v. 15. And Mahalaleel lived sixty and five years, and begat Jared.

v. 16. And Mahalaleel lived, after he begat Jared, eight hundred and thirty years, and begat sons and daughters.

v. 17. And all the days of Mahalaleel were eight hundred ninety and five years; and he died.

v. 18. And Jared lived an hundred sixty and two years, and he begat Enoch.

v. 19. And Jared lived, after he begat Enoch, eight hundred years, and begat sons and daughters.

v. 20. And all the days of Jared were nine hundred sixty and two years; and he died. The ever recurring circle of birth and death is here brought out with great impressiveness, bidding us so to number our days that we may apply our hearts unto wisdom.

Paul E. Kretzmann, Popular Commentary of the Bible (1921–1924) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

unfoldingWord translationNotes

Door43 World Missions Community

General Information:

The records in Genesis 5:6-27 have the same format. Translate them according to the notes in Genesis 5:6-8. (See: How to Translate Names and Numbers)

ninety years

"90 years" (See: Numbers)

815 years

"eight hundred and fifteen years" (See: Numbers)

905 years

"nine hundred and give years" (See: Numbers)

translationWords

ancestor

unfoldingWord translationNotes — © Distant Shores Media and the Door43 World Missions Community, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Source: git.door43.org/Door43/en_tn.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

Genesis, in the Pentateuch, opens this verse with 7 words (7 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is Qêynân (“Kenan”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

  1. How does “Kenan” (Qêynân) shape what this verse is saying?
  2. 2 words here appear for the first time in Scripture. What is being introduced at this debut?
  3. Genesis 5:10 shares the word «Kenan» with this verse. How do the two illuminate each other?
  4. These translations render this verse differently; the difference is in the English rendering, not the original. What questions does that raise?
  5. The verb «וַֽיְחִ֥י» is Qal Sequential Imperfect. How does its form color the action?
  6. Reading how Trapp's Complete Commentary and Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers read this verse, where do the two commentators agree and where do they part?

Things to notice

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English shown for the Greek Septuagint (in the Hebrew ↔ Greek comparison).

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