1 Chronicles 11:37

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex)

English Translation

Hezro the Carmelite, Naarai the son of Ezbai,

World English Bible · Public Domain

Highlights

2 hapax legomena — only here in the Hebrew Bible
2 first appearances in the Hebrew Bible

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Word by word

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נַעֲרַ֖י

Naʻăray

H5293

“Naarai”

Noun, Proper

Appears 1× in the Hebrew Bible
First appears here

Full BDB Definition

Origin: from H5288

TWOT: None

Naarai = "handmaid" - the Arbite, son of Ezbai and one of David's mighty warriors

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

5: words
5: distinct lemmas
Historical: section

Notable vocabulary

2 hapax legomena — words that appear only here in the entire Hebrew Bible:

נַעֲרַ֖י Naarai H5293
אֶזְבָּֽי Ezbai H229

First appearance in Scripture

These words make their first canonical appearance in the Hebrew Bible here:

נַעֲרַ֖י Naarai H5293
אֶזְבָּֽי Ezbai H229

Shared distinctive vocabulary

חֶצְרוֹ֙ Hezro H2695 occurs in 2 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

2 Samuel 23:35

Grammatical profile

5 nouns

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 8 words from the Hebrew and 8 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — the same length.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 5 Hebrew tokens and 6 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

Topical passages linked to 1 Chronicles 11:37 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

2 Samuel 23:35 Hezro the Carmelite, Paarai the Arbite,

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew 1 Chronicles 11:37 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

חֶצְרוֹ֙ הַֽכַּרְמְלִ֔י נַעֲרַ֖י בֶּן אֶזְבָּֽי

Hezro the Carmelite, Naarai the son of Ezbai,

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX 1 Chronicles 11:37 Septuagint · lemma form

ησεραι ὁ χαρμαλι νααραι υἱός αζωβαι

Esere the Charmadaite, Naarai the son of Azobai,

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

On this verse, Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary discusses the Septuagint’s reading. Read the note in Commentary ↓

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Commentary

Notes on 1 Chronicles 11:37 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(37) Hezro.—Syriac, “Hezri” and so perhaps Samuel, margin; but Samuel, text, “Hezro.”

Carmelite.—Of Carmel (Karmul), a town south of Hebron (Jos_15:55).

Naarai the son of Ezbai.—Samuel, “Paarah the Arbite.” Arab also was a town south of Hebron, in the hill country of Judah (Jos_15:52).

A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

37. Hezro] So 2Sa_23:35 (R.V. following the C’thîb); but Hezrai (A.V. following the Krî).

the Carmelite] i.e. inhabitant of Carmel, a town in the hill country of Judah (1Sa_25:2 ff).

Naarai] In 2Sa_23:35, “Paarai.” The true form of the name is lost.

the son of Ezbai] In 2 Sam. “the Arbite” (simply), i.e. (probably) “inhabitant of Arab” (Jos_15:52), a town in the hill country of Judah.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary

Hesro ends with u in the Hebrew. Yet some read more properly with i, "Hetzrai," as all the ancient versions have it, except the Vulgate, (Kennicott) some copies of which read Asra. (Blanchini, Vind. 1740.) --- Carmelite. Septuagint Greek: Karmedi. The Greek D might easily be mistaken for Greek L, as the Greek bibles (Kennicott) for some ages after Origen were written in capital letters, without accents. (Montfaucon, Pref. to Hexap. p. 44.) --- Azbai seems preferable to Arbi, as the proper name seems also more correct than Pharai, 2 Kings. (Haydock) --- The Vatican Septuagint confounds both words in one "Ouraiverchi." We may apply to many of the proper names that severe censure which St. Jerome has passed upon the transcribers of the book of Chronicles. Ita in Græcis & Latinis cod: hic nominum liber vitiosus est, ut non tam Hebræa quam Barbara quædam & Sarmatica nomina conjecta arbitrandum eit, &c. (ep. ad Domn.) If this epistle be not genuine, the same doctor complains at least of the incorrect state of the Septuagint. (Pref. in Paral.)

George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), Haydock's Catholic Family Bible and Commentary, 1859 edition — public domain. Excludes Psalms (Douay-Rheims chapter numbering differs from Protestant) and Deuterocanonical books (Catholic canon only).

The Pulpit Commentary

Hezro appears as Hezrai in Samuel. (For Carmel, which lay south of Hebron, see Jos_15:55) Naarai the son of Ezbai. The differences between these words and those of the parallel (ver. 35), "Paarai the Arbite," or Arab, (Jos_15:52) are not formidable to reconcile.

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

1 Chronicles, in the Historical, opens this verse with 5 words (5 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is Naʻăray (“Naarai”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

How does “Naarai” (Naʻăray) shape what this verse is saying?
2 words here appear nowhere else in the Hebrew Bible. Why might the author reach for such rare wording?
2 words make their first appearance in Scripture here. What does this debut establish?
How does 2 Samuel 23:35, which shares the word «Hezro», read alongside this verse?
Compare how Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers and The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges read this verse. Where do they agree or differ?

Things to notice

2 words in this verse appear nowhere else in the Hebrew Bible.
2 words make their first canonical appearance in Scripture here.
This verse counts 5 Hebrew ↔ 6 Greek words.
5 distinct Hebrew lemmas span 5 words in this verse.