Numbers 26:15

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex)

English Translation

The sons of Gad after their families: of Zephon, the family of the Zephonites; of Haggi, the family of the Haggites; of Shuni, the family of the Shunites;

World English Bible · Public Domain

Highlights

3 hapax legomena — only here in the Hebrew Bible
3 first appearances in the Hebrew Bible
Septuagint runs shorter here — compare

Full analysis ↓

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לִצְפ֗וֹן

Tsᵉphôwn

H6827

“to/for · Zephon”

Preposition + Noun, Proper

Appears 1× in the Hebrew Bible
First appears here

Full BDB Definition

Origin: probably for H6837

TWOT: None

Zephon = "treasure" - a son of Gad and progenitor of the family of Zephonites

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

12: words
8: distinct lemmas
Pentateuch: section

Notable vocabulary

3 hapax legomena — words that appear only here in the entire Hebrew Bible:

לִצְפ֗וֹן Zephon H6827
הַצְּפוֹנִ֔י Zephonites H6831
הַשּׁוּנִֽי Shunites H7765

First appearance in Scripture

These words make their first canonical appearance in the Hebrew Bible here:

לִצְפ֗וֹן Zephon H6827
הַצְּפוֹנִ֔י Zephonites H6831
הַשּׁוּנִֽי Shunites H7765

Shared distinctive vocabulary

לְשׁוּנִ֕י Shuni H7764 occurs in 2 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Genesis 46:16

Grammatical profile

12 nouns

Repetition

Words recur within this verse — often emphatic in Hebrew:

לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָם֒ family H4940 ×4
לְחַגִּ֕י Haggi H2291 ×2

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 28 words from the Hebrew and 18 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — the Septuagint runs noticeably shorter here. See the side-by-side →

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 12 Hebrew tokens and 14 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

Topical passages linked to Numbers 26:15 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

Genesis 46:16 The sons of Gad: Ziphion, Haggi, Shuni, Ezbon, Eri, Arodi, and Areli.
Numbers 2:14 "The tribe of Gad: and the prince of the children of Gad shall be Eliasaph the son of Reuel.

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

Here the Septuagint runs noticeably shorter than the Hebrew — LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) 18 words vs World English Bible 28. A rough length comparison of the two English translations, not a word-level alignment — read both below.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew Numbers 26:15 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

בְּנֵ֣י גָד֮ לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָם֒ לִצְפ֗וֹן מִשְׁפַּ֨חַת֙ הַצְּפוֹנִ֔י לְחַגִּ֕י מִשְׁפַּ֖חַת הַֽחַגִּ֑י לְשׁוּנִ֕י מִשְׁפַּ֖חַת הַשּׁוּנִֽי

The sons of Gad after their families: of Zephon, the family of the Zephonites; of Haggi, the family of the Haggites; of Shuni, the family of the Shunites;

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX Numbers 26:15 Septuagint · lemma form

υἱός δέ ιουδα ηρ καί αυναν καί ἀποθνήσκω ηρ καί αυναν ἐν γῆ χανααν

And the sons of Juda, Er and Aunan; and Er and Aunan died in the land of Chanaan.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

Targum Onkelos Torah (Genesis–Deuteronomy)

בְּנֵי גָד לְזַרְעֲיַתְהוֹן לִצְפוֹן זַרְעִית צְפוֹן לְחַגִי זַרְעִית חַגִי לְשׁוּנִי זַרְעִית שׁוּנִי

(no public-domain English translation for this verse)

Targum Onkelos — Aramaic: “Onkelos Genesis” (public domain); “Onkelos Exodus” (public domain); “Onkelos Leviticus” (public domain); “Onkelos Numbers” (public domain); “Onkelos Deuteronomy” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “J.W. Etheridge. The Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan Ben Uzziel on the Pentateuch. London: Longmans, Green, 1862” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.
Targum Pseudo-Jonathan Torah (Genesis–Deuteronomy)

בְּנוֹי דְגָד לִגְנִיסַתְהוֹן לִצְפוֹן גְנִיסַת צְפוֹן לְחַגִי גְנִיסַת חַגִי לְשׁוּנִי גְנִיסַת שׁוּנִי

Of Gad, with the families, of Zephon, the family of of Zephon; of Haggi, the family of Haggi; of Suni, the family of Suni.

Targum Pseudo-Jonathan — Aramaic: “Targum Jonathan on Genesis” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Exodus” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Leviticus” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Numbers” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Deuteronomy” (public domain). English: “The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, trans. J. W. Etheridge, London, 1862” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on Numbers 26:15 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

John Gill's Exposition

The sons of Joseph, after their families, were Manasseh and Ephraim. Manasseh is here mentioned first, though Ephraim was preferred to him by Jacob, and the standard belonged to him; not because he was the firstborn, but because he had now the greater increase, though he had but one son, Machir, of whom was the family of the Machirites, and a grandson, whose name was Gilead, from whom was the family of the Gileadites, and who had six sons; of whom were the families of the Jeezerite, Halekite, Asrielite, Shechemite, Shemidaite, and Hepherite. Hepher, of whom was the last, had a son named Zelophehad, but he had no son, only five daughters, whose names are given; the number of men in this tribe, of twenty years old and upwards, fit for war, was 52,700, so that the increase was 20,500, a large increase indeed!

The sons of Joseph, after their families, were Manasseh and Ephraim. Manasseh is here mentioned first, though Ephraim was preferred to him by Jacob, and the standard belonged to him; not because he was the firstborn, but because he had now the greater increase, though he had but one son, Machir, of whom was the family of the Machirites, and a grandson, whose name was Gilead, from whom was the family of the Gileadites, and who had six sons; of whom were the families of the Jeezerite, Halekite, Asrielite, Shechemite, Shemidaite, and Hepherite. Hepher, of whom was the last, had a son named Zelophehad, but he had no son, only five daughters, whose names are given; the number of men in this tribe, of twenty years old and upwards, fit for war, was 52,700, so that the increase was 20,500, a large increase indeed!

Numbers 26:35

num 26:35

num 26:35

num 26:35These are the sons of Ephrain, after their families,.... Which were but three, the Shuthalhite, the Bachrite, and the Tahanite, only from the former sprung another family, called the Eranite; the number of the whole was 32,500; there was a decrease in this tribe of 8000.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations

Gad is placed next, because he was joined with Reuben and Simeon in the same camp and quarters, Num 2:10,14.

Zephon, called Ziphion, Gen 46:16.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

Daniel D. Whedon

15. Zephon — Ziphion, in Gen_46:16.

Daniel D. Whedon (gen. ed.), Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1874–1909) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Pulpit Commentary

The children of Gad. Cf. Gen_46:16, the only other enumeration of the sons of Gad.

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

unfoldingWord translationNotes

Door43 World Missions Community

General Information:

The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. (See: How to Translate Names and Numbers)

40,500 men

"forty thousand five hundred men" (See: Numbers)

translationWords

Gad

unfoldingWord translationNotes — © Distant Shores Media and the Door43 World Missions Community, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Source: git.door43.org/Door43/en_tn.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

Numbers, in the Pentateuch, opens this verse with 12 words (8 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is Tsᵉphôwn (“Zephon”). The Greek Septuagint runs shorter here. A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

The word Tsᵉphôwn carries the sense “Zephon.” How does it shape the verse?
This verse holds 3 words here found nowhere else in the Hebrew Bible. What might the rare words draw attention to?
3 words here appear for the first time in Scripture. What is being introduced at this debut?
Genesis 46:16 shares the word «Shuni» with this verse. How do the two illuminate each other?
“family” occurs 4× in this one verse. What is the effect of the repetition?
Compared with the Hebrew, the Septuagint runs shorter here. What questions does that raise?
These translations render this verse differently. What is at stake in choosing one wording over another?
Reading how John Gill's Exposition and Matthew Poole's English Annotations read this verse, where do the two commentators agree and where do they part?

Things to notice

3 words in this verse appear nowhere else in the Hebrew Bible.
3 words make their first canonical appearance in Scripture here.
This verse counts 12 Hebrew ↔ 14 Greek words.
These translations choose different wording for 14 words in this verse.
“family” occurs 4× in this single verse.